Deck 5: Historical Foundations of US Education

Question 1

Education in colonial America reflected a _______.

A) concern for religious objectives
B) desire to meet individual needs
C) concern for the whole child
D) focus on freedom of speech

Answer 1

concern for religious objectives

Question 2

The "horn book" was _______.

A) made from cow's horn
B) developed in China
C) a tool for teaching basic mathematics
D) written in cuneiform

Answer 2

made from cow's horn

Question 3

The primary purpose of parochial schools was to _______.

A) discipline children and establish rules of living
B) nurture children in a family environment
C) teach goodness to children who are innately evil
D) promote religion and prepare children for further education

Answer 3

promote religion and prepare children for further education

Question 4

The Massachusetts Act of 1642 was significant in that it made education a responsibility of the _______.

A) parents
B) state
C) colony
D) school board

Question 5

Education during the Revolutionary period (1750-1820) was characterized by _______.

A) a waning of European influence
B) an increase in the European influence
C) an increase in religious traditions
D) stricter governmental control

Question 6

The Philadelphia Academy, which opened in 1751, would say that its curriculum _______.

A) stressed classical languages
B) focused on the acquisition of science and math
C) was broader and more practical than that of earlier Latin schools
D) emphasized religious studies

Question 7

The organizations established in the early nineteenth century to train women for higher education and public service outside the home were _______.

A) female seminaries
B) dame schools
C) land grant schools
D) missionary schools

Question 8

The book that was given the name "the old blue-back" and sold over 24 million copies was _______.

A) Noah Webster's American Spelling Book
B) the New England Primer
C) the McGuffy Reader
D) Jefferson's Encyclopedia

Question 9

"It knows no distinction of rich and poor, of bond and free, or between those, who, in the imperfect light of this world, are seeking, through different avenues, to reach the gate of heaven." In the preceding statement, Horace Mann is referring to _______.

A) a system of universal free schools for all
B) the need for churches to support schools in this country
C) abolition of slavery
D) the reformed school

Question 10

The Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862 provided _______.

A) federal land for states to sell or rent in order to raise money for the establishment of colleges
B) mandates for compulsory attendance for all children ages 6 to 15
C) state land for states to lease for the construction of schools
D) federal land for states to lease for the establishment of elementary schools

Question 11

One of the country's first institutions of higher education for African Americans was _______.

A) Harvard
B) University of Alabama
C) Carnage Institute
D) Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute

Question 12

In progressive schools, teachers _______.

A) functioned as guides rather than taskmasters
B) functioned as taskmasters rather than guides
C) focused on systematic learning based on development theory
D) emphasized knowing over doing

Question 13

The three general patterns of trends in American education during the twentieth century include all of the following except _______.

A) standardization
B) Americanization
C) democratization
D) professionalization

Question 14

The legislation passed in 1958 that provides funding for research and development in science, mathematics, modern foreign languages, and guidance is the _______.

A) National Defense Education Act
B) Lanham Act
C) Federal Education Act
D) Morrill Act

Question 15

All of the following characterize American education in the 1960s except _______.

A) a spirit of action and high hope
B) an assertive swing toward more perennialistic curricula
C) team teaching
D) individualized instruction

Question 16

The education act passed in 1965 that allocated funds based on the number of poor children in school districts is called the _______.

A) Bilingual Education Act
B) Children with Disabilities Education Act
C) Elementary and Secondary Education Act
D) Welfare Reform Act

Question 17

The 1983 publication generally recognized as beginning the "great debate" on how to improve schools in America was _______.

A) The Process of Education
B) A Nation at Risk
C) Making the Grade
D) Educating Americans for the 21st Century

Question 18

Briefly explain what the status of the teacher was in the American colonies (1620-1750).

Question 19

Provide an example of why individuals may have challenged Booker T. Washington's views on education.

Question 20

Provide an overview of the approach used by Maria Montessori (1870-1952).

Question 21

Briefly explain the educational climate during the 1970s. Provide examples to illustrate your points.

Question 22

Describe the climate of public support of education during the 1980s.