Deck 7: Ethical and Legal Issues in US Education

Question 1

Under the provisions of educational laws, teachers are most likely to face professional challenge when _______.

A) taking your students by school bus on a field trip
B) enforcing the dress code on a student who is not in your class
C) having a student incur an injury in your classroom
D) all of the above

Answer 1

all of the above

Question 2

An important part of a teacher's response to an ethical dilemma is _______.

A) identifying possible consequences of one's actions
B) identifying guilty parties
C) reporting to the principal immediately
D) calling parents to ask for support

Answer 2

identifying possible consequences of one's actions

Question 3

For initial certification, nearly all states require _______.

A) successful completion of a performance test
B) proof of good health, including teeth
C) applicants to pass a test of basic skills, professional knowledge, and academic subject areas
D) student teaching at all grade levels to be covered by credential

Answer 3

applicants to pass a test of basic skills, professional knowledge, and academic subject areas

Question 4

A policy that provides teachers with job security is known as _______.

A) legality
B) mutual assent
C) competency
D) tenure

Question 5

The process through which school boards negotiate contracts with teacher organizations is known as _______.

A) collective bargaining
B) academic freedom
C) grievance process
D) affirmative action

Question 6

In regard to the rights of student teachers, it is most accurate to say that they _______.

A) have the same rights as fully certified teachers
B) have the status of a visitor to the school
C) have no legal status, therefore no formal rights
D) may have legal rights depending on the state

Question 7

All of the following represent good advice for student teachers except _______.

A) read the teacher's handbook
B) the best time to learn emergency procedures is when an emergency occurs
C) know what controls the district has placed on the curriculum
D) document problems with students

Question 8

According to tort liability law, an individual who is negligent and at fault in the exercise of his or her legal duty may _______.

A) be charged by state statutes
B) be charged by federal statutes
C) go to prison
D) be required to pay monetary damages

Question 9

In regard to reporting child abuse, teachers are _______.

A) required by law to report any suspected child abuse
B) required by law to report any child abuse where direct evidence is available
C) required to confront parents of any suspected child abuse
D) not required to report but are encouraged to do so

Question 10

_______ may be a physical indicator of emotional maltreatment.

A) Venereal disease
B) Unexplained fractures and/or bruises
C) Unattended medical needs
D) Failure to thrive, or lags in physical development

Question 11

When teachers view a home page on the Internet they are viewing a published copy of an original document and should remember that _______.

A) they are free to copy and use material in their classrooms at will
B) the fair use doctrine applies
C) Internet material cannot be copyrighted
D) there are no legal copyright restrictions on material copied from electronic sources

Question 12

Schools may enforce dress codes for students if the _______.

A) codes are approved by the school board
B) codes are approved by the student council
C) students are notified
D) codes are consistent for males and females

Question 13

All of the following criteria are generally adhered to in expulsion cases except _______.

A) right to counsel must be provided
B) witnesses are compelled to testify
C) burden of proof on the part of the accused
D) the right to a hearing by a jury

Question 14

A high school principal, suspects that a student has a gun in his locker. According to law, the principal _______.

A) cannot search the student's locker without a search warrant
B) can search the student's locker without a search warrant
C) can search the student's locker only with the student's permission
D) can search the student's locker with permission from the student's parents

Question 15

According to the Buckley Amendment, parents do not have a right to examine _______.

A) gradebooks that belong to their children's teacher
B) educational records of their child
C) records of disclosures the schools have made of their children's educational records
D) standardized test scores

Question 16

In the landmark case Engel v. Vitale, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that recitation of a prayer in the presence of a teacher at the beginning of each school day was _______.

A) unconstitutional
B) constitutional as long as students were not mandated to pray
C) constitutional as long as the teacher was present
D) constitutional as long as parents provided written permission

Question 17

All of the following are issues motivating the "new breed" of home schoolers except _______.

A) increased school violence
B) strict religious doctrine
C) poor academic quality
D) overzealous peer pressure

Question 18

When material is published on the Internet without restrictions, what assumption is implied and what obligation is incurred when that material is used?

Question 19

What rights do students enrolled in private schools have as related to dress code?

Question 20

Provide an overview of arguments against corporal punishment in the schools.

Question 21

What is the legality of home schooling?

Question 22

_______ students have limited ability to understand, read, or speak English, and they have a first language other than English.

A) Bilingual
B) Limited English proficient
C) Monolingual
D) Fluent proficient

Question 23

Self-expression, task orientation, self-determination, and self-esteem are characteristics of _______ cultures.

A) collectivistic
B) individualistic
C) multicultural
D) working class

Question 24

It is estimated that the number of multiracial Americans is increasing at _______ times the rate of the white population.

A) 3
B) 10
C) 40
D) 80

Question 25

Ethnic and racial minorities have traditionally _______ power in the public life of the United States.

A) exercised
B) lacked
C) misused
D) inherited

Question 26

The federal poverty level is approximately _______ a year for a family of four.

A) $12,000
B) $22,000
C) $35,000
D) $50,000

Question 27

The Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka decision in 1954 declared that _______.

A) equal, but separate schools were being provided
B) segregated schools were inherently unequal
C) segregated schools did not violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment
D) segregated schools were inherently equal

Question 28

Black Academies have sprung up across the country in recent years, many supported by the growing number of African Americans who practice _______.

A) constitutional principles
B) Marxism
C) Islam
D) Christianity

Question 29

Native-American children raised in traditional settings generally do all of the following except _______.

A) prefer to learn by careful observation
B) approach new tasks by asking questions
C) approach tasks visually
D) prefer to learn experientially in their natural setting

Question 30

_______ is not a dimension of multicultural education.

A) Content integration
B) Immersion programs
C) Prejudice reduction
D) Equity pedagogy

Question 31

To create classrooms that are truly multicultural, teachers must select instructional materials that are all of the following except _______.

A) sensitive
B) written in several different languages
C) accurately portrayals of the contributions of ethnic groups
D) reflections of diverse points of view

Question 32

_______ conveys to students certain expectations about the way boys and girls are "supposed" to act.

A) Sex role stereotyping
B) Sex role socialization
C) Gender confusion
D) Gender equity

Question 33

The expanded math, science, and technology programs for females is an example of the passage of the _______.

A) Women's Educational Equity Act
B) Diversity Education Bill
C) Civil Rights Amendment
D) IDEA

Question 34

Subtle favoritism or discrimination on the basis of gender is called _______.

A) racism
B) gender bias
C) male bashing
D) oppression

Question 35

What are the educational implications for teachers who incorporate multiculturalism into their curriculum?

Question 36

Describe school-related problems and safety risks that gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth may encounter and how teachers and other school personnel can provide support.

Question 37

As children develop physically, their bodies undergo numerous changes. As they develop cognitively, their mental capabilities expand so that they can use language and other symbol systems to solve problems. These are examples of _______.

A) individual learning styles
B) quality indicators
C) stages of development
D) the aging process

Question 38

The theory Lawrence Kohlberg developed involves _______.

A) psychosocial crisis
B) psychosocial development
C) cognitive development
D) moral development

Question 39

Students' developmental levels vary according to how well their biological and psychological needs have been satisfied. This is the basic premise of a theory developed by _______.

A) Erikson
B) Maslow
C) Gilligan
D) Piaget

Question 40

In order to promote a sense of competence in students, teachers can _______.

A) assign work that can be successfully performed while still being challenging
B) provide continuous reinforcement for effort rather than achievement
C) group by ability level
D) assign homework that is above age level

Question 41

One approach to teaching values and moral reasoning is known as a(n) _______ program, which "promotes the teaching of core values through course curricula."

A) conflict resolution
B) character education
C) law-and-order orientation
D) initiation

Question 42

Among the most significant and dramatic criticisms of group IQ tests is that _______.

A) they are timed
B) emotional factors of the student are not considered
C) they are culturally biased
D) the test is based on a one-time, one-sitting score

Question 43

Parents can help children with learning disabilities achieve success in school most through all of the following strategies except by _______.

A) providing the school with valuable information about their children
B) securing necessary services for their children
C) reviewing skills at home and praising their children for their learning
D) expecting their children to function effectively without any interventions

Question 44

The two disabilities with the largest percentage of students are _______ and _______.

A) mental retardation; traumatic brain injury
B) emotional disturbance; autism
C) hearing impairments; visual impairments
D) speech or language impairments; specific learning disabilities

Question 45

Instruction that is designed to meet the needs of exceptional children is known as _______.

A) developmental education
B) remedial education
C) special education
D) age-appropriate education

Question 46

In 1990, PL 94-142 was replaced by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). IDEA included the major provisions of PL- 94-142 and extended the availability of a free, appropriate education to _______.

A) other health impaired
B) children and youth from ages 3 to 21
C) adults over the age of 21
D) family members of students with special needs

Question 47

A student must be mainstreamed into a general education classroom whenever such integration is feasible and appropriate. This is called _______.

A) due process
B) least restrictive environment
C) diversity
D) special education initiative

Question 48

One approach to meeting the needs of all students is known as _______, an approach in which a classroom teacher meets with one or more other professionals (a special educator, school psychologist, or resource teacher, for example) to focus on the needs of one or more students.

A) interdisciplinary teacher-based student support
B) collaborative consultation
C) psychological intervention
D) student focus groups

Question 49

Describe what is meant by the term exceptional learner. Provide an overview of the types of students who would be included under this classification.

Question 50

Differentiate between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and attention deficit disorder (ADD).

Question 51

In general, successful teachers communicate in all of the following ways except _______.

A) their communication is clear and concise
B) their communication is restricted to verbal information
C) their communication is appropriate to student comprehension
D) their communication is provided in patterns that do not impair clarity

Question 52

The section of a classroom where students are likely to receive more attention is the _______.

A) back row of seats and seats on the right side of the room
B) back row of seats and seats on the left side of the room
C) row of seats in the exact center of the room
D) the middle front row of seats and seats up the middle aisle

Question 53

Students who are assigned to classes on the basis of ability or achievement are grouped according to _______.

A) within-class ability grouping
B) cross-age ability grouping
C) between-class ability grouping
D) standardized ability grouping

Question 54

The primary argument in support of between-class ability grouping is that it _______.

A) enables teachers to meet the needs of students more effectively
B) is cost effective
C) is more interesting to teachers and students
D) is effective based on longitudinal research

Question 55

A model of teaching that can strengthen students' interpersonal skills is _______.

A) behavior modification
B) nondirective teaching
C) theory into practice
D) cooperative learning

Question 56

The amount of time students are actively engaged in learning activities is known as _______.

A) time on task
B) academic learning time
C) allocated time
D) teaching-learning ratio

Question 57

The time teachers dedicate for instruction in various areas of the curriculum is called _______.

A) allocated time
B) time on task
C) curricular ratio
D) instruction ratio

Question 58

The key to successful classroom management is _______.

A) preventing problems before they occur
B) responding swiftly and decisively to misbehavior in the classroom
C) accurately identifying misbehaving students
D) seat arrangement

Question 59

Jacob Kounin points out that how a teacher handles an instance of misbehavior communicates the teacher's conduct expectations to the rest of the class. This is known as _______.

A) withitness
B) learned behavior
C) the ripple effect
D) negative reinforcement

Question 60

A systematic instructional method that focuses on the transmission of knowledge and skills from the teacher to the student is called _______.

A) mastery learning
B) direct instruction
C) modeling
D) contingent teaching

Question 61

Teachers who focus on students' thinking about the material being learned and, through carefully orchestrated cues, prompts, and questions, help students arrive at a deeper understanding of the material are using _______.

A) contingent teaching
B) information processing
C) modeling
D) constructivist teaching

Question 62

Providing students with opportunities to inquire into subjects so that they "discover" knowledge for themselves is called _______.

A) mastery learning
B) inquiry learning
C) outcome-based learning
D) contingency learning

Question 63

Explain how the climate of your classroom will be determined.

Question 64

Differentiate between within-class ability grouping and between-class ability grouping.

Question 65

List behaviors that research has found to be associated with effective teaching.

Question 66

What are the two assumptions that mastery learning is based upon?

Question 67

Describe the concepts of inquiry learning and discovery learning.