Question 1

Which theory would a nurse consider using to help a patient with smoking cessation?&#10;A) Patient activation&#10;B) Health belief model&#10;C) Health promotion model&#10;D) Theory of planned behavior

Accepted Answer

The health promotion model focuses on health promotion, not just disease prevention, and was found to be most helpful in tailoring multiple behavior changes among those who smoke. Patient activation, the health belief model, and the theory of planned behavior have not been studied for applicability to smoking cessation.

Question 2

Which is a major concept of the health belief model?&#10;A) Self-efficacy&#10;B) Behavior outcomes&#10;C) Barriers to treatment&#10;D) Willingness to change

Accepted Answer

A major concept of the health belief model is the perceived barriers to treatment. Self-efficacy is a concept within social cognitive theory. Behavior outcomes is a construct of the health promotion model. Willingness to change is a stage within the transtheoretical model.

Question 3

Which action should a nurse take to help a patient improve self-efficacy?&#10;A) Provide teaching&#10;B) Set realistic goals&#10;C) Model the behavior&#10;D) Identify specific outcomes

Accepted Answer

Seeing others accomplish a similar goal is called vicarious experience or modeling. This approach is used to build self-efficacy. Teaching, setting realistic goals, and identifying specific outcomes are not actions to help improve self-efficacy.

Question 4

What is the principle underlying the theory of planned behavior?&#10;A) Capitalizing on resiliency&#10;B) Modeling of others' behavior&#10;C) Strengthened self-efficacy&#10;D) Intention to perform the behavior

Accepted Answer

According to the theory of planned behavior, behavior change is influenced by the intention to perform the behavior. Resiliency, modeling, and self-efficacy are not underlying principles of the theory of planned behavior.

Question 5

According to the integrated behavioral model, behavioral intention is determined by which construct?&#10;A) Cost&#10;B) Time&#10;C) Attitude&#10;D) Difficulty

Accepted Answer

According to the integrated behavioral model, behavior intention is determined by the constructs of attitude, perceived norm, and personal agency. Cost, time, and difficulty are not constructs of this model.

Question 6

How would the nurse, when using the transtheoretical model, categorize a patient who has no desire to change behavior?&#10;A) Action&#10;B) Preparation&#10;C) Contemplation&#10;D) Precontemplation

Accepted Answer

In the precontemplation stage, the patient does not intend to change behavior in the foreseeable future. In the action stage, specific activities are carried out to make a change. In the preparation stage, the intention to change is planned in the immediate future. In the contemplation stage, the patient has the intention to change within the next six months.

Question 7

Which concept is broader and includes patient activation when using the patient activation/empowerment model?&#10;A) Resiliency&#10;B) Motivation&#10;C) Self-efficacy&#10;D) Engagement

Accepted Answer

In the patient activation/empowerment model, patient engagement is a broader concept that includes activation. Resiliency, motivation, and self-efficacy are not concepts of the patient activation/empowerment model.

Question 8

Which model includes the element of social system?&#10;A) Health belief model&#10;B) Transtheoretical model&#10;C) Health promotion model&#10;D) Diffusion of innovation model

Accepted Answer

The diffusion of innovation model has four main elements, including innovation, communication channels, time, and social system. The element of social system is not a construct of the health belief model, transtheoretical model, or the health promotion model.

Question 9

Which is a level of influence within the social ecological model?&#10;A) Financial&#10;B) Education&#10;C) Community&#10;D) Psychosocial

Accepted Answer

The social ecological model includes five levels of influence: intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional, community, and public policy factors. Financial, education, and psychosocial are not levels of influence within the social ecological model.

Question 10

A health-care organization is implementing the PRECEDE-PROCEED model. Which action should the leadership team expect to complete during the PRECEDE phase?&#10;A) Plan&#10;B) Discuss&#10;C) Evaluate&#10;D) Implement

Accepted Answer

During the PRECEDE phase, assessment and planning occurs. Implementation and evaluation occur during the PROCEED phase. Discuss is not an activity within either part of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model.

Deck 4: Theories Guiding Health Promotion and Risk Reduction: Concepts and Applications