Deck 8: Disability, Ableism, and Ageism

Question 1

Individuals with disabilities may especially value

A) time with their families.
B) economic security.
C) relationships.
D) secure healthcare coverage.

Answer 1

economic security.

Question 2

The definition of __________ is dependent on the source (e.g., legislatures, organizations, delivery systems).

A) ageism
B) economic security
C) disability
D) ableism

Answer 2

disability

Question 3

The __________ program requires the client to have previously worked and "paid into the system."

A) SSI
B) SSDI
C) Both of the above.
D) None of the above.

Answer 3

SSDI

Question 4

Children with significant disabilities might be eligible for the

A) SSI program.
B) SSDI program.
C) Both of the above.
D) None of the above.

Question 5

Which of the following is a critical element included in the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)?

A) Physical or mental impairment
B) Substantial limits to major life activities
C) Difficulty walking, speaking, hearing
D) All of the above.

Question 6

Which of the following is a component of the Americans with Disabilities Act's (ADA) definition of a disability?

A) Mental disorder
B) Anatomical loss
C) Cosmetic disfigurement
D) All of the above.

Question 7

The __________ model has been criticized for focusing on what is wrong with the individual.

A) social
B) medical
C) Both of the above.
D) None of the above.

Question 8

The origins of the social model of disability in the United States can be traced back to

A) the Civil Rights Movement.
B) World War I.
C) the Great Depression.
D) the Feminist Movement.

Question 9

According to Verbrugge and Jette's (1994) classic model of disability, the term impairment refers to

A) diagnosis, disease, and injury.
B) structural abnormalities.
C) difficulty doing basic activities.
D) walking, reading, or speaking.

Question 10

Culturally competent counselors must be aware of __________ to deliver effective counseling services.

A) cross cultural considerations
B) functional impairments
C) ableism
D) All of the above.

Question 11

State workers' compensation programs

A) provide for healthcare costs related to the employee's work injury.
B) provide a percentage of the employee's average weekly wages for the time the employee is out of work due to the injury.
C) Both of the above.
D) None of the above.

Question 12

Understanding challenges associated with different cultures will help a professional counselor to eliminate the concept of

A) disability.
B) ableism.
C) cognitive incapacity.
D) prejudice.

Question 13

The biggest change in the population by the turn of the 22^nd Century is expected to be in the number of

A) adolescents.
B) children.
C) older men.
D) older women.

Question 14

In comparison to the past, people are living

A) longer lives.
B) shorter lives.
C) the same length of lives.
D) There is no conclusive evidence to have any definitive answer.

Question 15

Adultism can lead to discrimination against

A) the elderly.
B) children.
C) middle-aged adults.
D) adults in their twenties.

Question 16

Psychological concerns among older adults may be caused by

A) health changes.
B) reduction of independence.
C) reduction of their ability to perform daily routines.
D) All of the above.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the grieving process?

A) It is a complex process.
B) It is specific to the individual.
C) Both of the above.
D) None of the above.

Question 18

Older adults may undergo issues related to

A) physical condition.
B) psychological functioning.
C) socioeconomic status.
D) All of the above.

Question 19

Older adults may experience ageism concerning

A) employment.
B) driving.
C) Social Security.
D) legislation.

Question 20

The ACA approved standards for training gerontological counselors later adopted by

A) the code of ethics.
B) the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP).
C) the American School Counseling Association.
D) state legislations.

Question 21

ACA's Gerontological Competencies are used as a list of __________ competencies.

A) essential
B) minimum
C) Both of the above.
D) None of the above.

Question 22

Which of the following is one of ACA's Gerontological Competencies?

A) Demonstrates knowledge of special considerations and techniques for group work with older persons.
B) Demonstrate knowledge of sources of literature reporting research about older persons and ethical issues in research with older subjects.
C) Exhibits sensitivity to sensory and physical limitations of older persons through appropriate environmental modifications.
D) All of the above.

Question 23

As a counselor, it is important to remember that it is more helpful to facilitate clients' ability to

A) build upon the positive aspects of aging.
B) ignore the negative aspects of aging.
C) work through both positive and negative events of their past.
D) All of the above.

Question 24

Disability is _____ considered a universal concept among cultures and languages.

A) always
B) not
C) sometimes
D) almost always

Question 25

Approximately ______ U.S. children, ages 6 to 14, have a disability.

A) half a million
B) 2 million
C) 4 million
D) 10 million

Question 26

There has been a gradual paradigm shift in the conceptualization of health and disability away from the ______ model toward the ______ model.

A) social; medical
B) medical; social
C) inclusive; exclusive
D) None of the above

Question 27

Combat veterans have ____ rates of polytrauma.

A) lower
B) insignificant
C) higher
D) inconclusive

Question 28

The social model of disability

A) focuses on medical procedures and diagnostic tests.
B) does not align well with the counseling process.
C) espouses that disability and illness occur as the result of a physical or mental condition.
D) focuses on societal barriers and biases against people with disabilities.

Question 29

Disability is ______ with low education, poverty, community setting, environment, and low resources.

A) minimally correlated
B) moderately correlated
C) highly correlated
D) not correlated

Question 30

The classic model of the disability process consists of four main parts that emphasize the relationship between

A) pathology, impairments, functional limitations, and disability.
B) diagnosis, condition, daily life activities, and disability.
C) disease, dysfunction, limitations, and daily life activities.
D) None of the above.

Question 31

Rehabilitative care is an example of

A) extraindividual intervention.
B) intraindividual intervention.
C) Both of the above.
D) None of the above.

Question 32

_______ refers to two or more permanent injuries to the body that result in physical, cognitive, psychological, or psychosocial impairment and functional disability.

A) Double trauma
B) Posttraumatic stress disorder
C) Polytrauma
D) Aversive stress

Question 33

Social attitudes, rehabilitation and counseling practices, and policies that favor individuals who have or are perceived as having full physical and mental health abilities is known as

A) classism.
B) sexism.
C) disability.
D) ableism.

Question 34

All of the following are considered key historical disability policies and legislation EXCEPT

A) the Civilian Rehabilitation Act.
B) the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975.
C) the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965.
D) the Defense of Marriage Act.

Question 35

Disability-affirmative counseling (D-AT)

A) views individuals with disabilities with value and worth.
B) takes a pathological perspective to client treatment.
C) focuses on solely the personal impact on the client with a disability.
D) All of the above.

Question 36

Which of the following factors will put more emphasis on social policies that directly benefit older adults?

A) The advancing age of baby boomers.
B) The increased life expectancy of older adults.
C) Increased racial and ethnic diversity of older adults.
D) All of the above.

Question 37

Over the next 40 to 50 years, the number of people over the age of 65 is expected to _____, and the number of people over the age of 85 is expected to _____.

A) quadruple; double.
B) triple; quadruple.
C) double; triple.
D) triple; double.

Question 38

_____ is the assumption that chronological age is the main determinant of human characteristics and that one age is better than another.

A) Adultism
B) Ageism
C) Ableism
D) Classism

Question 39

The belief that youth and children are ignorant, untrustworthy, unpredictable, and have nothing to contribute to their own well-being or society is known as ______.

A) Adultism
B) Ageism
C) Ableism
D) Classism

Question 40

Age discrimination, or denying a job or promotion to an individual solely on the basis of age, is _____ in the U.S.

A) not addressed
B) legal
C) illegal
D) legal, but considered unethical

Question 41

Under the Older Americans Act Amendments of 2006, older people are entitled to

A) adequate retirement income.
B) suitable housing.
C) restorative services.
D) All of the above.

Question 42

The _____ of disability implies that disability is more than the individual's difference and includes attributes that are outside the individual (i.e., socially or culturally based).

A) medial model
B) biomedical model
C) social model
D) economic model

Question 43

Considering language as a powerful tool, which of the following words would be least appropriate to describe individuals with disabilities?

A) Differently abled
B) Brave
C) Survivor
D) Challenged

Question 44

An example of a type of disability is

A) blindness or vision impairment.
B) epilepsy.
C) traumatic brain injury.
D) All of the above are examples of disabilities.

Question 45

Describe the Social Security Administration and eligibility requirements.

Question 46

Provide at least three examples of types of disabilities.

Question 47

Explain the paradigm shift of the models of disability.

Question 48

Compare and contrast the medical and social models of disability.

Question 49

Describe Verbrugge and Jette's (1994) classic social model of disability.

Question 50

Explain some of the factors to consider when counseling individuals with disabilities.

Question 51

Discuss combat soldiers and veterans as a subgroup of clients with a disability. Identify issues that counselors should be aware of when working with this population.

Question 52

Describe at least three of the disability laws that have been passed since 1965.

Question 53

List and describe the skills list compiled by Smart and Smart (2006) to be an effective counselor with individuals with disabilities.

Question 54

Explain how age demographics have changed since the early 1900s.

Question 55

Describe the socioeconomic issues relevant to older individuals.

Question 56

Explain the Older Americans Act Amendments of 2006.

Question 57

Describe the skills that are needed for professional counselors to work with older adults.

Question 58

List five of the ACA's Gerontological Competencies.

Question 59

Discuss language as an important component of ableism.