Deck 15: Individuals and Families of Multiracial Descent

Question 1

The term __________ has not been typically used to discuss or describe the multiracial population.

A) mixed race
B) multicultural
C) biracial
D) multiple heritage

Answer 1

multicultural

Question 2

The multiracial population includes

A) interracial couples.
B) multiracial individuals.
C) multiracial families.
D) All of the above.

Answer 2

All of the above.

Question 3

The earliest documented interracial relationships in American society were between

A) indigenous female inhabitants and early White male settlers.
B) African slaves and indigenous inhabitants.
C) White male settlers and Asian female immigrants.
D) None of the above.

Answer 3

indigenous female inhabitants and early White male settlers.

Question 4

The first anti-miscegenation laws were enacted in

A) 1619.
B) 1664.
C) 1958.
D) 1967.

Question 5

The Supreme Court's landmark Loving v. Virginia decision occurred in

A) 1896.
B) 1948.
C) 1967.
D) 1954.

Question 6

Hypodescent is also known as

A) mixed race.
B) the one-drop rule.
C) mono-racial identity.
D) multiple heritage.

Question 7

__________ was NOT established as a multiracial organization.

A) Interracial/Inter-cultural Pride
B) Association of Multi-Ethnic Americans
C) National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
D) Project RACE

Question 8

The compromised classification change for the 2000 Census allowed a person to check

A) a multiracial category.
B) two or more races.
C) other.
D) Hispanic.

Question 9

Of the nine million people identified as being of two or more races in the 2010 Census, 4.2 million were identified as being

A) over the age of 50 years.
B) between ages 30 to 40 years.
C) under the age of 18 years.
D) between ages 20 to 30 years.

Question 10

Which of the following statements regarding regional patterns of interracial marriage is true?

A) Interracial marriage rates tend to be highest in the western United States.
B) Interracial marriage rates tend to be lowest in the southern United States.
C) Both of the above.
D) None of the above.

Question 11

__________ did NOT propose an early model of the identity development process of multiple heritage individuals.

A) Root
B) Marcia
C) Poston
D) Kich

Question 12

The Root (1998) ecological identity model derived from her work with multiple heritage individuals with _____ backgrounds.

A) African American
B) Native American
C) Asian
D) Latino

Question 13

Prevailing societal images suggest that interracial couples are only

A) Native American and White.
B) Latino and Asian.
C) Asian and Black.
D) Black and White.

Question 14

________ are individuals whose biological parents or whose lineage are of two or more different socially constructed racial backgrounds.

A) Interracial couples
B) Multiracial families
C) Multiracial individuals
D) None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following gave rise to systems of racial, economic, and socio-political hierarchies?

A) Notions of White racial purity
B) Notions of White superiority
C) A desire to exert power and control over Blacks and Native Americans
D) All of the above

Question 16

The first multiracial organization was

A) Interracial/Inter-cultural Pride (I-Pride).
B) Project RACE.
C) Association of Multi-Ethnic Americans.
D) National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.

Question 17

A multiracial civil rights movement emerged during the

A) 1940s.
B) 1950s and 1960s.
C) 1970s.
D) 1980s and 1990s.

Question 18

Which of the following organizations lobbied for a multiracial category for the 2000 U.S. Census?

A) Association of Multi-Ethnic Americans (AMEA)
B) Project RACE
C) Both of the above
D) None of the above

Question 19

Early models of multiracial identity development used a(n) ______ and focused solely on the racial identity development of the individual.

A) linear model
B) stage perspective
C) ecological approach
D) All of the above

Question 20

The Root (2002) Ecological Framework for Understanding Multiracial Identity Development includes

A) family and personal characteristics.
B) social, psychological, and cognitive development factors.
C) environmental factors.
D) All of the above.

Question 21

_______ is concerned with the perception of one's multiple racial identities as unique and separate from one another.

A) Racial conflict
B) Racial distance
C) Racial integration
D) Multiracial identity

Question 22

________ is concerned with one's perception of the existence of conflict between their multiple racial identities.

A) Racial conflict
B) Racial distance
C) Racial integration
D) Multiracial identity

Question 23

Multiracial individuals with _____ levels of racial distance and ______ levels of racial conflict are deemed as having high multiracial identity integration.

A) low; low
B) low; high
C) high; low
D) high; high

Question 24

The achievement of a positive racial and cultural identity and self-concept for individuals depends on

A) individuals' support systems.
B) how concerns are managed.
C) the individuals' strengths and inner resources.
D) All of the above.

Question 25

______ entails altering the expression of one's racial/ethnic identity depending upon the environmental context.

A) Shifting racial/ethnic expression
B) Racial resistance
C) Seeking community
D) Racial ambiguity

Question 26

_____ is indicative of multiracial individuals' quest to find and to connect with others with whom they share similar worldview experiences and values.

A) Shifting racial/ethnic expression
B) Racial resistance
C) Seeking community
D) Racial ambiguity

Question 27

______ is the act of defying traditional social norms and conventions of race perpetuated in U.S. society in response to inquiries about one's racial/ethnic identity.

A) Shifting racial/ethnic expression
B) Racial resistance
C) Seeking community
D) Racial ambiguity

Question 28

______ concerns the physical features and appearance that for many multiracial individuals result in comments and questions by others regarding their racial/ethnic backgrounds and identity.

A) Shifting racial/ethnic expression
B) Racial resistance
C) Seeking community
D) Racial ambiguity

Question 29

______speaks to the essence of not fitting in, or feeling marginalized and unaccepted by any of one's identity groups.

A) Seeking community
B) Feeling like an outsider
C) Racial resistance
D) All of the above

Question 30

Which of the following contributes to the negative perceptions of interracial couples in the U.S.?

A) Historical myths
B) Stereotypes
C) Misinformation
D) All of the above

Question 31

According to the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies, the _____ domain requires counselors to take action by engaging in ongoing self-monitoring of assumptions and biases held toward multiple heritage individuals.

A) counselor self-awareness
B) client worldview
C) counseling relationship
D) counseling and advocacy interventions

Question 32

The _______ domain of the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies calls upon counselors to intervene with and on behalf of clients at multiple levels.

A) counselor self-awareness
B) client worldview
C) counseling relationship
D) counseling and advocacy interventions

Question 33

The _______ domain of the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies requires that counselors be self-aware, knowledgeable, skilled, and action-oriented in understanding the impact and influence of the counseling relationship.

A) counselor self-awareness
B) client worldview
C) counseling relationship
D) counseling and advocacy interventions

Question 34

Counselors play critical roles in conversations regarding _____ with their clients.

A) race
B) identity
C) discrimination
D) All of the above.

Question 35

Which of the following resources for counselors focus on affirming and empowering multiracial individuals?

A) Root's ecological framework model
B) The Bill of Rights for People of Mixed Heritage
C) The Multiracial Oath of Social Responsibility
D) All of the above.

Question 36

Researchers suggest that _______ can help multiracial couples explore their level of relationship satisfaction, the relationship dynamics, their communication effectiveness, and their level of commitment.

A) psychodynamic theory
B) narrative therapy
C) Gestalt therapy
D) All of the above.

Question 37

The _____ model emphasizes the need that partners in interracial marriages have to be validated by self and one's partner.

A) ecological
B) narrative therapy
C) self-validation
D) emotional maintenance

Question 38

The Interracial Couple Questionnaire

A) can be used to help couples explore and understand each partner's perceptions and experiences around the interracial relationship.
B) takes each partner's cultural context into consideration.
C) can determine assets, strengths, and potential for growth in the relationship.
D) All of the above.

Question 39

To promote a healthy racial identity in multiracial children, it is suggested that parents

A) talk openly and age-appropriately with their children about their racial make-up, appearance, and identity.
B) avoid talking about their own racial experiences.
C) only share positive stories about multiracial identity with their children and avoid addressing difficult concerns.
D) All of the above.

Question 40

_______ involves giving expressions or acts of racism immediate acknowledgement and attention, insisting that the perpetrator be held accountable and responsible.

A) Pushing back
B) Pulling back
C) Both of the above
D) None of the above

Question 41

When assessing a multiracial child's presenting concerns, the counselor should consider

A) the child's developmental age or stage.
B) the child rearing practices of the parents.
C) familial and racial/ethnic issues.
D) All of the above.

Question 42

Individual and group counseling that takes a ______ approach can be most useful for college students with multiple heritages.

A) psychodynamic
B) psychoeducational
C) task
D) All of the above

Question 43

______ involves recognizing when it may be more advisable to take a less confrontational approach to dealing with an expression or act of racism.

A) Pushing back
B) Pulling back
C) Both of the above
D) None of the above

Question 44

A(n) _______ helps partners to develop empathic understanding for each other as they work together to examine and explore culturally based attitudes, behaviors, and expressions.

A) ecomap
B) genogram
C) validation-gram
D) None of the above

Question 45

Which of the following strategies can be used to manage issues that arise regarding couples' cultural and racial differences?

A) Creating a "we"
B) Framing differences
C) Emotional maintenance
D) All of the above

Question 46

What is the value of examining your own attitudes, perceptions, and beliefs regarding race mixing, and how might this exploration influence your work with interracial couples, multiracial individuals, and multiracial families?

Question 47

What was most significant about the Supreme Court Case, Loving v. Virginia?

Question 48

What is the significance of providing individuals the option to select "two or more races" to define themselves on the Census and other government agency forms?

Question 49

How might knowledge of the diverse combinations of interracial couples, multiracial individuals, and families inform professional practice?

Question 50

How might Root's (2002) ecological framework for understanding multiracial identity offer a more complete perspective from which to view the issues and concerns of multiple heritage individuals and families and the impact of these on identity development?

Question 51

How might your knowledge of Root's six themes assist you in assessing the presenting issues and concerns of a multiple heritage client?

Question 52

What is it about physical appearance or phenotype that makes it a salient identity across the lifespan?

Question 53

What factors may be important in the assessment of the strength(s) of an interracial couple's relationship?

Question 54

What is the value of assessing the influence of salient cultural worldview variables (e.g., gender roles, communication, expression of emotion, parenting styles) when interracial partners or couples present for counseling?

Question 55

Choose two of the multiracial identity development models presented in the chapter, and identity the stages of each.

Question 56

Identify and discuss a few of the historical myths, stereotypes, and misinformation that contribute to negative perceptions of interracial couples and families.

Question 57

Describe at least two counseling and advocacy interventions for counseling multiracial couples.

Question 58

Identify ways in which parents and counselors can help promote a healthy racial identity in multiracial children.

Question 59

Discuss the importance of the following resources for counselors regarding knowledge and advocacy efforts for multiracial clients: The Bill of Rights for People of Mixed Heritage and the Multiracial Oath of Social Responsibility.

Question 60

Describe the self-validation model and its usefulness for partners in interracial marriages.