Deck 13: Understanding Neurological Impairments: Prenatal Detection, Handling Techniques, and Educational Settings

Question 1

Spina bifida can be detected prenatally through

A) chorionic villi sampling.
B) karyotyping.
C) a maternal blood test.
D) the heel prick test.
E) amniocentesis.

Answer 1

a maternal blood test.

Question 2

When positioning for children with cerebral palsy is considered, which of the following is NOT an acknowledged handling technique?

A) positioning is prescribed by a physical therapist.
B) individual positioning is prescribed for each child.
C) pull the child by the arms.
D) positioning is critical to facilitate normal muscle tone and symmetry.
E) use abduction block.

Answer 2

pull the child by the arms.

Question 3

A continuum of casualty risk related to drug- exposed children means that

A) adverse effects, while present at birth, increase as children grow older.
B) environmental factors have little impact on vulnerability.
C) all children exposed to drugs prenatally are vulnerable and all will be adversely affected.
D) the effects of drug exposure range from no effects to severe.
E) the position on the continuum is directly proportional to the concentration of the drug exposure.

Answer 3

the effects of drug exposure range from no effects to severe.

Question 4

Although a proportion of people will have some form of seizure in their lifetime, this is not referred to as epilepsy. The differentiating factor is that

A) all persons with true epilepsy experience an aura.
B) epilepsy is always accompanied by unconsciousness.
C) epilepsy is a chronic condition.
D) epilepsy is clearly related to brain damage.
E) epilepsy is not treatable.

Question 5

In the past, children with severe physical disabilities were educated in special schools for the following reasons EXCEPT which one?

A) regular classroom teachers felt physically disabled children would absorb too much time
B) developmental potential was enhanced in the peer setting
C) people tended to focus on the disabilities in special schools and overlook the strengths of these children
D) children were stereotyped by their disabilities
E) special schools were more convenient

Question 6

If we drew a normal curve of intelligence, the curve for people with cerebral palsy would

A) match the curve for the nondisabled population.
B) be higher than the curve of the rest of the population.
C) show more children in the intellectually disabled range.
D) show greater variability than the normal curve with more persons at the top and the bottom end.
E) be flatter, showing an even distribution.

Question 7

A _ _ therapist would advise a teacher about positioning and handling for a child with cerebral palsy.

A) language
B) motor
C) physical
D) neurological
E) speech

Question 8

A child has a grand mal seizure and then immediately passes into another seizure. This condition is referred to as

A) continuing epilepsy.
B) recurring epilepsy.
C) psychomotor epilepsy.
D) status epilepticus.
E) ongoing epilepsy.

Question 9

The mildest form of spina bifida is

A) spina bifida cystica.
B) spina bifida occulta.
C) spina bifida with meningocele.
D) spina bifida mildus.
E) spina bifida with myelomeningocele.

Question 10

For children with physical disabilities, handling refers to how

A) behaviour is controlled.
B) the child is picked up, held, supported, and carried.
C) the child's academic progress is supported.
D) parents accept the conditions.
E) behaviour is modified.

Question 11

Nineteenth- century views of epilepsy held to each of these premises EXCEPT which one?

A) institutionalization was vital
B) the condition was incurable
C) epileptic children could be grouped with those with mental retardation
D) a heavy dose of drugs subdued the most of the symptoms
E) epilepsy and insanity were much the same thing

Question 12

Dave suffers from epileptic seizures and at times loses consciousness. The kind of seizures Dave most likely experiences are called

A) petit mal.
B) Jacksonian.
C) partial.
D) grand mal.
E) psychomotor.

Question 13

When we speak of definitions in the area of neurological impairments, we can say that

A) all children affected can be described by a single term.
B) they refer to dysfunction of the brain and/or spinal cord.
C) the effects of the damage are fairly consistent.
D) definitions are fairly orderly.
E) the small population affected makes definitions clear.

Question 14

When a physically disabled person has diplegia, the parts of the body involved are

A) four limbs, with most impairment in the legs.
B) three limbs.
C) one limb only.
D) all four limbs equally.
E) the lower limbs only.

Question 15

Students with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

A) have little control over their impulses.
B) can work independently for long periods.
C) have no problems communicating their needs.
D) can remain on task.
E) do not have trouble with the law.

Question 16

The child who demonstrates slow, laborious, poorly coordinated voluntary movement has which type of cerebral palsy?

A) spastic
B) rigid
C) ataxic
D) tremor
E) athetoid

Question 17

The major etiology of spina bifida is

A) fetal anoxia.
B) heredity.
C) rubella.
D) unknown.
E) maternal malnutrition.

Question 18

A shunt to prevent or ameliorate brain damage and later intellectual disability is used when a child suffers from

A) cystic fibrosis.
B) meningocele.
C) spina bifida occulta.
D) muscular dystrophy.
E) hydrocephalus.

Question 19

Today, most physically disabled children are educated in

A) residential institutions.
B) regular classrooms.
C) clinics.
D) special schools.
E) special classes.

Question 20

A seizure in which a person has only a momentary suspension of activity is called

A) grand mal.
B) psychomotor.
C) petit mal.
D) Jacksonian.
E) partial.

Question 21

An aura is a

A) type of warning a person may experience prior to a seizure.
B) type of treatment for hearing- impaired children.
C) communication system for children with cerebral palsy.
D) form of cerebral palsy.
E) type of hearing aid.

Question 22

Of the following, which is a congenital defect of the spinal column?

A) leukemia
B) paraplegia
C) flaccid paralysis
D) spina bifida
E) multiple sclerosis

Question 23

Damage to the motor cortex areas of the brain results in

A) cerebral palsy.
B) cystic fibrosis.
C) spina bifida.
D) hydrocephaly.
E) epilepsy.

Question 24

Neurons possess common characteristics including all BUT which ONE of the following?

A) cell membrane
B) glial cells
C) cell body
D) nucleus
E) cytoplasm

Question 25

The incidence of neurological disabilities in the school- aged population is

A) 2 per 1000.
B) 10 per 1000.
C) 1.5 per 1000.
D) 0.2 per 1000.
E) 5 per 1000.

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a form of seizure?

A) concomitant
B) atonic
C) myoclonic
D) tonic- clonic
E) absence

Question 27

A condition characterized by multiple, involuntary muscular and cerebral tics that wax and wane, remit and change, is known as

A) Lennoz- Gastaug seizure.
B) Meniere's disease.
C) myopia.
D) cerebral palsy.
E) Tourette Syndrome.

Question 28

Among adolescents, which ONE of the following is the MOST common cause of head injury?

A) vehicle accidents
B) child abuse
C) racial altercations
D) farm accidents
E) fighting

Question 29

The incidence of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in the general population is estimated at about

A) 9.9 per 1000 live births.
B) 1.9 per 1000 live births.
C) 19 per 1000 live births.
D) 5.9 per 1000 live births.
E) 2.9 per 1000 live births.

Question 30

Of the following devices, which would NOT be considered a technical piece of equipment to assist individuals with independence?

A) leg braces
B) microswitches
C) trampoline
D) adaptive boards
E) wheelchair

Question 31

In a child with cerebral palsy, a shortening of muscles, tendons, and ligaments resulting inpostural distortions is called a ____ .

Question 32

In the population of persons with cerebral palsy, those with constant involuntary writhing movements have_____ .

Question 33

In about 80 percent of cases, spina bifida with myelomeningocele is found in combination with _____ .

Question 34

An example of partial epilepsy is ___ .

Question 35

The condition caused by a sudden, violent, disorderly electrical discharge of brain cells is______

Question 36

_____ is a condition characterized by an excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, due to an obstruction of flow.

Question 37

Meningocele is a form of _____.

Question 38

Of partial or generalized, a psychomotor seizure is______ .

Question 39

Children with cerebral palsy use braces for____ and_____ .

Question 40

Of all children with spina bifida, about 90 percent will have spina bifida cystica.

Question 41

Among the population of individuals who have cerebral palsy, intellectual disability is common but learning disabilities are rare.

Question 42

Many convulsive disorders can be effectively controlled by medication.

Question 43

About 50 percent of children who suffer serious Traumatic Brain Injury will require special education for at least some period of time.

Question 44

The recognized incidence of epilepsy is less today than in the past.

Question 45

The causes of idiopathic epilepsy are various types of brain damage.

Question 46

List five causes of damage to the central nervous system.

Question 47

List three types of cerebral palsy.

Question 48

What steps can a teacher take if a child has physical or motor disabilities?

Question 49

List some of the major developmental consequences of head trauma.

Question 50

List three generic accommodations and adaptations that a teacher might use for studentswith cerebral palsy.

Question 51

Identify the main motor disorders and developmental consequences for a child with cerebral palsy.

Question 52

Describe some of the possible developmental consequences for a child with FAS, and identify the accommodations and adaptations that a teacher would use in the general classroom.

Question 53

Often, the major difficulties of epilepsy do not lie in the condition itself but in public perceptions. Discuss the issue.

Question 54

Children with cerebral palsy present a range of challenges. Describe some of the problems that could occur when integrating a child with cerebral palsy into a regular classroom and some of the ways in which these can be addressed.