Deck 11: Assistive Device for Blind Individuals

Question 1

Oculomotor disturbances occur when the

A) eyes cannot control their direction of focus.
B) eyelids become inflamed.
C) retina degenerates.
D) retina is elongated.
E) choroid becomes inflamed.

Answer 1

eyes cannot control their direction of focus.

Question 2

Joseph is colour blind. His condition can be described as

A) a visual problem causing Joseph to see only black and white.
B) a non- sex- linked hereditary disorder.
C) a defect in the cone cells of the retina.
D) a hole in the retina.
E) the result of an absence or malfunctioning of the fovea and the macula.

Answer 2

a defect in the cone cells of the retina.

Question 3

All of the following are true about diabetic retinopathy, EXCEPT

A) the length of time a person has diabetes bears a relationship to the onset of diabetic retinopathy.
B) only some diabetics develop diabetic retinopathy.
C) the type of diabetes a person has determines the presence of diabetic retinopathy.
D) it can lead to blindness.
E) it is a disease of the blood vessels of the retina.

Answer 3

the type of diabetes a person has determines the presence of diabetic retinopathy.

Question 4

The entire area that can be seen when staring straight ahead is

A) angle of vision.
B) visual acuity.
C) functional visual efficiency.
D) focal vision.
E) field of vision.

Question 5

In regards to Mathematics, studies indicate that children who are blind do not perform well and tend to be from___ percent below average- sighted children.

A) 30 to 35
B) 60 to 67
C) 50 to 59
D) 8 to 27
E) 40 to 44

Question 6

Some visual impairments are clearly associated with aging. The visual problem that is more likely to appear as one gets older is

A) Usher's syndrome.
B) cataracts.
C) albinism.
D) retinoblastoma.
E) Photophobia.

Question 7

The MAIN reason why psychoeducational assessment is difficult for students with visual impairments is

A) there are no norms for blind test- takers.
B) IQ tests that are equally meaningful for both sighted and blind do not exist.
C) blind children need help on tests, thereby rendering the process invalid.
D) tactile and auditory subtests become skewed.
E) time invested in completing the test becomes a deterrent.

Question 8

Tim Smith had always boasted about his 20/20 vision. However, when Tim reached forty years of age, he was having problems reading the small print in the newspaper. Tim most likely has

A) optic nerve atrophy.
B) cataracts.
C) glaucoma.
D) presbyopia.
E) retinoblastoma.

Question 9

Orientation and mobility training for blind students is considered as

A) a shared responsibility.
B) a component of the regular school program.
C) relatively unimportant for blind students.
D) a major area of intervention.
E) an extra- curricular activity.

Question 10

Visual impairments that result from disease or accident after birth are referred to as

A) impairments of unknown etiology.
B) hyperopia.
C) hereditary blindness.
D) adventitious visual impairments.
E) congenital low vision.

Question 11

Sally has hyperopia. She will have trouble seeing objects that are

A) distant.
B) nearby.
C) in motion.
D) small.
E) in direct light.

Question 12

The visual impairment that does not have hereditary links is

A) albinism.
B) congenital glaucoma.
C) retinal detachment.
D) colour blindness.
E) retinoblastoma.

Question 13

An individual with visual acuity of 20/200 or less in the better eye, after correction,

A) is near- sighted.
B) is colour blind.
C) is legally blind.
D) has visual perception problems.
E) is partially sighted.

Question 14

All of the following are considered devices for the instruction of visually impaired students EXCEPT

A) Kurtzweil Reading Machine.
B) variable- speed tape recorders.
C) Braille recorder.
D) FM systems.
E) Optacon.

Question 15

The emphasis for visually impaired children to become Braille readers

A) is increasing.
B) has remained constant for fifty years.
C) reflects the improvement in the technology.
D) is decreasing.
E) has ceased to be a topic of debate.

Question 16

The generally accepted legal definition of blindness includes not only a measure of visual acuity but a measure of

A) the convexity of the lens.
B) macular area.
C) field of vision.
D) the dependency of vision.
E) retinal deterioration.

Question 17

For the blind person, the single MOST important factor in successful adaptation and independence is

A) hi- tech adaptive supports.
B) family perceptions.
C) self- concept.
D) orientation and mobility success.
E) academic achievement.

Question 18

The MOST common characteristic of cataracts is

A) exposure to radiation.
B) its association with aging.
C) its relation with toxic chemicals.
D) a link with maternal rubella.
E) a correlation with diabetes.

Question 19

In orientation and mobility training, the known objects in a specific place that provide information about location are known as

A) positioners.
B) landmarks.
C) baselines.
D) squares.
E) set points.

Question 20

The MOST common travel aid for blind children and adults is the

A) Mowat Sensor.
B) guide dog.
C) prescription cane.
D) human guide.
E) ultrasonic guide.

Question 21

How many technical aids, accessories and devices exist for reading, mobility and orientation and magnification?

A) 500- 700
B) more than 2000
C) less than 100
D) less than 1000
E) 1000- 1200

Question 22

The visual system consists of

A) the eye and brain.
B) the eye.
C) the eye and the optic nerve.
D) the depth of vision.
E) the eye, nerve pathway, and brain.

Question 23

All of the following characteristics are necessary for guide dogs EXCEPT

A) placidness.
B) being oblivious to people around them.
C) having precise concentration.
D) steadiness.
E) a craving for constant affection.

Question 24

The MOST sensitive point on the retina that inverts the actual image is the

A) cornea.
B) lens.
C) fovea.
D) lacrimal apparatus.
E) macula.

Question 25

Only certain breeds of dogs are suitable as seeing eye dogs. Of the following, the breed that is NOT usually considered is

A) German Shepherds.
B) Border Collies.
C) Golden Retrievers.
D) Labradors.
E) Setters.

Question 26

Parents of children who are visually impaired often feel all of the following EXCEPT

A) doubts about being able to meet their child's needs.
B) financial strains.
C) uncertainty about the future.
D) an increased need for planning ahead.
E) indifference about the availability of adequate services.

Question 27

The Snellen test of vision acuity is a _ _ measure.

A) focal
B) preventative
C) screening
D) prescription
E) diagnostic

Question 28

A small, hand- held device that helps blind people in locating fallen objects and detecting obstacles is the

A) Hoover cane.
B) Optacon.
C) Sonic guide.
D) laser cane.
E) Mowat sensor.

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT usually acknowledged as a component of successful integration for a visually impaired student?

A) specialist teachers
B) co- operative personnel
C) Braille transcription service
D) optical aids
E) guide dog

Question 30

Which of the following service delivery models is NOT among those usually offered by a School District?

A) residential schools exclusively for the blind community
B) self contained special class
C) general classroom with specialized teacher assistance
D) general classroom with adaptations and accommodations
E) general classroom supplemented with a resource room

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT typical of a blind child's social relationships? Blind children . . .

A) are more likely to be rejected by their peers.
B) are often embraced by peers who wish to be friends.
C) behave in ways that decrease effective interaction.
D) initiate interactions less frequently.
E) have difficulty engaging in appropriate conversation.

Question 32

A typical characteristic of a visually impaired student's learning pattern manifests itself in which ONE of the following ways?

A) spelling comes naturally to Braille users
B) basic math performance is weak
C) they excel in the fine arts
D) academic lags disappear after two years of schooling
E) reading achievement is on par with sighted children .

Question 33

The ______ is the sensitive inner part of the eye.

Question 34

The outer protective covering of the eye is the _____ .

Question 35

A child who has distorted or blurred vision MOST likely is suffering from _____ .

Question 36

ONE example of an ocular motor problem is ____.

Question 37

To qualify for a guide dog an individual needs to be over ____ years of age.

Question 38

The ____ is the most sensitive part of the retina.

Question 39

______ results from inefficient ocular motor mobility.

Question 40

If a psychologist used the WISC- III with a blind child, he or she would most likely rely on the _____ scale.

Question 41

Paul suffers from a hereditary condition that entails a malignant tumour on the retina. This condition is known as ____ .

Question 42

The coded alphabetical system using dots is known as ____ .

Question 43

The only distance sense available to visually impaired children is ____ .

Question 44

A substantial proportion of children with sensory disorders suffer additional disabilities. Thepercentage of visually impaired children who have additional disabilities is estimated to be between 33 and 70 percent.

Question 45

Legal definitions of visual impairment are based solely on measures of visual acuity.

Question 46

The most commonly used screening procedure in the field of vision is the Jaegar chart.

Question 47

All visually- impaired students are Braille readers.

Question 48

Children who are blind tend to ask fewer open- ended questions than do their sighted peers.

Question 49

The overall development of young visually impaired children compares favourably to the development of sighted children.

Question 50

Albinism is a condition carried as an inherited autosomal dominant trait.

Question 51

Sketch and label a diagram of the human eye.

Question 52

Name three settings where a visually impaired child might receive his or her education.

Question 53

Name the four general severity classifications of visual impairments.

Question 54

Give three examples of eye pathologies.

Question 55

Identify and discuss the characteristics of three types of eye pathologies that account for visual impairments.

Question 56

Explain and provide examples of the importance of touch, hearing, and kinesthetic information in regards to orientation and mobility.

Question 57

Describe how Braille is used for individuals with visual impairments. Briefly outline its history, adaptations, and use.