Deck 2: Getting to Know Your Audience and Situation

Question 1

Adapting to your audience and the situation should begin

A) after you have written and memorized your speech.
B) immediately after you receive a public speaking assignment or engagement.
C) immediately before you receive a public speaking assignment or engagement.
D) after you have researched and outlined the main points of your speech.

Answer 1

immediately after you receive a public speaking assignment or engagement.

Question 2

Susannah didn't pay attention to Madison's speech because she assumed it didn't relate to her. This is an example of

A) ethnocentrism.
B) mindfulness.
C) egocentrism.
D) stereotyping.

Answer 2

egocentrism.

Question 3

_______refers to how well you communicate with others.

A) Ethnocentrism
B) Identity knowledge
C) Situational analysis
D) Speaking competence

Answer 3

Speaking competence

Question 4

_____means knowing what is distinctive about an audience.

A) Audience analysis
B) Speaking competence
C) Identity knowledge
D) Negotiation skill

Question 5

According to Littlejohn and Foss, at what point has a speaker achieved effective negotiation?

A) when she has eliminated audience egocentrism
B) when she has overcome all environmental barriers
C) when the audience understands her and feels respected
D) when she has conformed to the attitudes, beliefs, and values of the audience

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT one of the components of intercultural competence identified by Littlejohn and Foss?

A) identity knowledge
B) mindfulness
C) self-monitoring
D) negotiation skill

Question 7

Juan paid attention to the unique characteristics of his audience members and took care to keep these distinctions in mind during the whole speech-making process. This is an example of

A) cultural identity.
B) mindfulness.
C) egocentrism.
D) stereotyping.

Question 8

Inclinations to feel either positively or negatively toward something are called

A) beliefs.
B) identities.
C) traits.
D) attitudes.

Question 9

I love classic rock!" This is an example of a(n)

A) belief.
B) attitude.
C) personal trait.
D) stereotype.

Question 10

Those things a person accepts as plausible based on interpretation and judgment are called

A) social traits.
B) principles.
C) norms.
D) beliefs.

Question 11

It is the responsibility of humans to take care of the planet."This is an example of a

A) belief.
B) social trait.
C) myth.
D) fact.

Question 12

______refer to what a person sees as right or wrong, important or unimportant, desirable or undesirable.

A) Social traits
B) Values
C) Personal traits
D) Policies

Question 13

Ben's family places a lot of importance on gaining a quality education. This is an example of a(n)

A) policy.
B) trait.
C) value.
D) identity.

Question 14

An audience's _______ is made up of values, attitudes, and beliefs.

A) ethos
B) culture
C) competence
D) identity

Question 15

Audience demographics can also be called

A) personal traits.
B) audience identities.
C) ethnocentrism.
D) generalizations.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a personal trait?

A) education
B) occupation
C) gender
D) values

Question 17

Shalonda noted that most of her audience members were employed in the medical field. This is an example of paying attention to

A) environmental barriers.
B) social traits.
C) personal traits.
D) motivations.

Question 18

__________occurs when you apply a false or oversimplified generalization to an individual based on group characteristics.

A) Ethnocentrism
B) Identity knowledge
C) Internal noise
D) Stereotyping

Question 19

Which of the following words best defines traditionalists, as described by Lancaster and Stillman?

A) pessimistic
B) loyal
C) cynical
D) confident

Question 20

Neil was born in 1942. Which of the following characteristics would likely NOT apply to Neil based upon the generational trends outlined in the text?

A) He has a high degree of formal education.
B) He has only been married once.
C) He tends to "save for a rainy day."
D) He is not easily persuaded.

Question 21

People who were born between 1946 and 1964 are called

A) Generation Y.
B) Baby Boomers.
C) Generation W.
D) Idealists.

Question 22

Joe was born in 1984. Which of the following characteristics would NOT apply to Joe based upon the generational trends outlined in the text?

A) He is practical.
B) He is concerned about his personal safety.
C) He is heavily influenced by friends and media.
D) He is very political.

Question 23

According to the U.S. Census Bureau,________ percent of U.S. households in 2010 were "traditional."

A) 2
B) 12
C) 32
D) 52

Question 24

The needs and motivations of your audience are called_________traits.

A) self-actualization
B) social
C) psychological
D) generational

Question 25

Which of the following statements about Maslow's hierarchy of needs is NOT true?

A) It is best represented as a Venn diagram.
B) The most basic needs are at the bottom of the model.
C) It consists of five levels of needs.
D) Basic needs give support to higher levels of needs.

Question 26

According to Maslow, our most basic needs are

A) physiological.
B) self-actualization.
C) self-esteem.
D) emotional.

Question 27

A speech on the importance of a having a fire escape plan for the home evokes which need?

A) psychological
B) safety
C) self-actualization
D) physiological

Question 28

__________needs are the feelings we have about belonging.

A) Cultural
B) Self-esteem
C) Social
D) Personality

Question 29

The____________ traits of your audience refer to how they are affected by or identify with other groups of people.

A) external
B) internal
C) self-esteem
D) social

Question 30

__________is the biological differences of humankind, often noticeable in physical markers such as color and texture of hair, color of skin and eyes, shape of facial features, and bodily build and proportions.

A) Ethnicity
B) Culture
C) Heritage
D) Race

Question 31

__________cultures will have clearly defined divisions of authority and responsibility.

A) High-power
B) Competitive
C) High-uncertainty
D) Individualist

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a cultural characteristic of the United States?

A) It is a low-uncertainty culture.
B) It is an individualist culture.
C) It is a long-term culture.
D) It is a low power culture.

Question 33

An audience who is required to attend a speech or event is called a(n)_________ audience.

A) selective
B) captive
C) distracted
D) external

Question 34

Which of the following is an open-ended question?

A) Do you like algebra?
B) Why did you choose to attend college here?
C) What is your major?
D) How much is your tuition?

Question 35

When writing surveys, you should tend toward__________ questions.

A) open-ended
B) closed-ended
C) demographic
D) leading

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a guideline for constructing an effective survey?

A) Use more open-ended than closed-ended questions.
B) Ask necessary demographic questions.
C) Use neutral responses.
D) Ask only one thing in each question.

Question 37

Which of the following is an example of an environmental barrier?

A) being distracted because you didn't eat breakfast and are extremely hungry
B) being distracted by angry thoughts about the speaker's sexual orientation
C) having difficulty understanding the speaker because of his accent
D) having difficulty hearing the speaker due to people talking nearby

Question 38

Miguel had a headache and had trouble focusing on the speeches in class. This is an example of a(n)

A) social barrier.
B) physiological barrier.
C) external barrier.
D) linguistic barrier.

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT an example of external noise?

A) being distracted by the uncomfortable seats
B) being distracted by your fear of crowds
C) being distracted by a bee flying around the room
D) getting confused by the speaker's use of jargon

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a tip for adapting to internal noise?

A) If your audience's attention is wandering, call on members, move around the room, or vary your delivery.
B) Pay attention to the nonverbal behavior of your audience.
C) Pay attention to the noises affecting you and your audience
D) Realize that your audience is ethically responsible for listening to you.

Question 41

Even if you don't know your audience, you will still be able to choose an appropriate topic, select the right source materials, and use a delivery style that works in your speaking situation.

Question 42

Being able to respond to audience differences through sensitivity, politeness, willing adjustment, and collaboration is known as negotiation skill.

Question 43

"Having too much salt in the diet can lead to high blood pressure." This is an example of an attitude.

Question 44

Sexual orientation, occupation, and household type are all considered personal traits.

Question 45

According to psychologist Abraham Maslow, the highest level of human need we have is that of self-esteem.

Question 46

All social traits are designated by choice.

Question 47

According to the U.S. Census Bureau in 2010, the United States is getting more racially and ethnically diverse, as well as much older.

Question 48

Low-uncertainty cultures are tolerant of the unusual, new ideas, and other people.

Question 49

The United States is considered to be competitive and individualistic, according to Hofstede's culture model.

Question 50

The first step in audience and situation analysis should be to ask friends, relatives, peers, and others about their insights into your speech topic.

Question 51

"Do you plan to vote in the next election?" This is an example of a closed-ended question.

Question 52

Open-ended questions are used when you want general, quantifiable information.

Question 53

There are two types of external noise: physiological barriers and linguistic barriers.

Question 54

Lauren had a difficult time listening to the professor because the temperature in the room was too cold. This is an example of a physiological barrier.

Question 55

An audience's tendency to be interested in things that relate and matter to them while listening to a speech is termed ___________

Question 56

According to Littlejohn and Foss, identity knowledge, mindfulness, and negotiation skill are all components of___________

Question 57

___________refers to the practice of constantly paying attentionto audience distinctions.

Question 58

It is important to take care of one's health." This is an example of a(n) ___________ .

Question 59

___________include characteristics such as age, sexualorientation, and education.

Question 60

___________is false or oversimplified generalizing applied toindividuals based on group characteristics.

Question 61

Laurel is extremely tech-savvy, prides herself on her diverse group of friends and acquaintances, and is always tuned in to what is happening in the media. Laurel is most likely from the generational group known as___________ .

Question 62

Bev has a strong desire for positive feedback about her job performance from her boss and coworkers. When they praise her, it makes her feel successful and proud. In this circumstance, Bev is fulfilling her___________ needs.

Question 63

___________is a system that helps teach us rules for beingaccepted and surviving in a community.

Question 64

___________cultures emphasize time and are concerned with short-term results.

Question 65

___________questions allow for detailed responses in your interviews and surveys.

Question 66

___________noise occurs or originates outside of the mind or body.

Question 67

Jason had a difficult time focusing on Jackie's speech because he was hungry and tired. He was affected by___________ barriers.

Question 68

___________includes both environmental and linguistic barriers.

Question 69

What questions can a basic analysis of your audience andsituation help you answer? (List three)

Question 70

What does it mean for a speaker to be mindful?

Question 71

What are the three elements that make up speaking competence?

Question 72

Give an example of a belief, a value, and an attitude that you hold, making sure to label each one.

Question 73

What generation do you belong to and what characteristics are attributed to this group according to Lynne Lancaster and David Stillman's When Generations Collide?

Question 74

Imagine you are going to give a speech about the problem of credit card debt to an audience of Traditionalists and Baby Boomers. How might these two groups differ on their reaction to your topic?

Question 75

What does Maslow's hierarchy of needs attempt to explain?

Question 76

Give examples of speech topics that would attempt to tap into the need for (1) safety, (2) social needs, and (3) self-esteem.

Question 77

Explain the differences between the terms race, ethnicity, and culture.

Question 78

How do long-term and short-term audiences differ?

Question 79

Is the United States an individualist or collectivist culture? Explain your answer.

Question 80

List three questions regarding situational time you should ask before giving a speech.