Deck 14: Psychedelics

Question 1

Because psychedelic drugs are capable of producing hallucinations and some altered sense of reality, a state that could be called psychotic, they have been referred to as ________ drugs.

A) psychotomimetic
B) psychoanaleptic
C) anxiogenic
D) depressogenic

Answer 1

psychotomimetic

Question 2

The mold of Claviceps purpurea occasionally grows on grain, especially rye, and eating infected grain results in an illness called ________, which can cause headaches, vomiting, diarrhea, and gangrene of the fingers and toes.

A) coturnism
B) angiolathyrism
C) tarantism
D) ergotism

Answer 2

ergotism

Question 3

The focus of early research on LSD centered on its:

A) supposed ability to treat rheumatism.
B) ability to relieve pain.
C) ability to reduce cravings for nicotine.
D) supposed ability to access the subconscious mind.

Answer 3

supposed ability to access the subconscious mind.

Question 4

Although LSD has complex effects in the brain, the best evidence indicates that its psychedelic properties are due to stimulating:

A) serotonin-2A receptors.
B) mesolimbic dopamine system.
C) cholinergic receptors.
D) GABA receptors.

Question 5

In a nondrug state, reexperiencing of one or more of the perceptual alterations that occurred during psychedelic intoxication is known as ________.

A) synesthesia
B) flashback
C) confabulation
D) hyperkinesia

Question 6

Psilocybe mexicana and Psilocybe cubensis are examples of:

A) plants containing mescaline.
B) psychoactive mushrooms.
C) anticholinergics.
D) poisonous fungi.

Question 7

________ is the active chemical in psychoactive mushrooms.

A) Lysergic acid diethylamide
B) Chlorpromazine
C) Cescaline
D) Psilocybin

Question 8

DMT, a short-acting psychedelic that is usually ineffective when taken orally, is found in:

A) Jimson weed.
B) Mexican mushrooms.
C) mescal beans.
D) cohoba snuff.

Question 9

The catechol psychedelics include mescaline plus a variety of synthetic derivatives of:

A) amphetamine.
B) morphine.
C) cocaine.
D) acetylcholine.

Question 10

________ is the street name for 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl) piperidine hydrochloride (PCP) that were sometimes sprinkled onto oregano, parsley, or alfalfa and sold to unsuspecting youngsters as marijuana.

A) Crack
B) Predator
C) Date rape drug
D) Angel dust

Question 11

The indole that is originally found in toad skins and turns out not to be a very potent psychedelic, is:

A) bufotenin.
B) muscimol.
C) ergotamine.
D) mescaline.

Question 12

Synesthesia refers to the experiencing of psychedelic effects even months after taking the drug.

Question 13

Anecdotal reports suggest that 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) users report substantially more negative or depressed mood states in the days immediately following MDMA administration.

Question 14

Atropine drugs occupy and activate the acetylcholine receptor site, and their effect is primarily to open muscarinic cholinergic neurons, including the parasympathetic system.

Question 15

Anticholinergic drugs such as trihexyphenidyl (Artane) and benztropine (Cogentin) have extensively been abused for their delirium-producing properties.

Question 16

Unlike other psychedelics, salvinorin A acts as a kappa opioid receptor agonist.

Question 17

Give some examples of the use of psychedelic plants or drugs in connection with religious practices.

Question 18

Discuss the side effects of the anticholinergic psychedelic atropine.