Question 1

According to American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, allergic disorders affect up to what percentage of children globally?&#10;A) 40%&#10;B) 20%&#10;C) 30%&#10;D) 10%

Accepted Answer

Allergic disorders affect up to 30% of children globally. The most common allergic disorder and rhinitis are present in 10% to 30% of children globally.

Question 2

What is one type of an immune response?&#10;A) Innate/adaptive&#10;B) Immunology&#10;C) Nonspecific&#10;D) Hypersensitivity reaction

Accepted Answer

There are two types of immune responses: innate/adaptive and humoral/cell-mediated. The adaptive response activates immunological memory, a response to recognize a pathogen. The innate response is essential and the less complex response. Both responses work together to eliminate pathogens when they enter the body.

Question 3

In the immune response, what specific process identifies and kills cells that are abnormal due to infections?&#10;A) Innate/adaptive&#10;B) T cells&#10;C) Lymphocytes&#10;D) B cells

Accepted Answer

T cells, also known as killer T cells, identify and kill abnormal cells due to infections or other processes. T cells also produce multiple effector cells that circulate and destroy pathogens during an encounter.

Question 4

What is the only type of immunity available at birth?&#10;A) Innate/adaptive&#10;B) Nonspecific&#10;C) Active&#10;D) Passive

Accepted Answer

Passive immunity is the only type of immunity available at birth. Passive immunity is only short term and imperative in an infant. Passive immunity can be acquired by maternal transmission administration of immunoglobulin G (IgG).

Question 5

Which is not a viral vaccine?&#10;A) Varicella&#10;B) Measles&#10;C) Mumps&#10;D) Tetanus

Accepted Answer

Varicella and measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) are all viral vaccines and use live attenuated viruses. Tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (DTaP) are all bacterial vaccines and use inactivated microorganisms.

Question 6

What is the first response of the immune system to a pathogen?&#10;A) Inflammation&#10;B) Sweating&#10;C) Fever&#10;D) Vasodilation

Accepted Answer

Inflammation is the first response of the immune system to a pathogen. Increased blood flow occurs from inflammation and results in redness, pain, heat, and swelling.

Question 7

Which type of allergic reaction occurs when the child encounters an allergen for the first time?&#10;A) Food allergy&#10;B) Allergic salute&#10;C) Type 1 hypersensitivity&#10;D) Medication allergy

Accepted Answer

In a type 1 hypersensitivity allergic reaction, the child encounters the allergen for the first time, and an antigen-presenting cell causes a response to the T helper type 2 lymphocyte. This type of T cell produces a cytokine, interleukin-4.

Question 8

Which symptom is not a systemic symptom of anaphylaxis?&#10;A) Vasodilation&#10;B) Allergic salute&#10;C) Mucus secretion&#10;D) Nerve stimulation

Accepted Answer

Vasodilation, mucus secretion, nerve stimulation, and smooth muscle contractions are all systemic symptoms of anaphylaxis. Allergic salute is not a systemic symptom of anaphylaxis; it is a frequent runny nose.

Question 9

What is not a physical finding of an acute allergic reaction?&#10;A) Laryngeal redness&#10;B) Edema&#10;C) Wheezing&#10;D) Mucus secretion

Accepted Answer

If a child has an acute allergic reaction, some physical findings would be laryngeal redness, edema, decreased breathing sounds, wheezing, and tachycardia. Mucus secretion is not a physical finding of an acute allergic reaction.

Question 10

What is the most common type of dermatitis in children?&#10;A) Atopic&#10;B) Acute&#10;C) Chronic&#10;D) Secondary

Accepted Answer

The most common dermatitis in children is atopic on contact. Some symptoms of dermatitis are dry, itchy, scaly patches of skin located on the extremities, head, and neck.

Question 11

What is the most frequent type of pediatric anaphylactic reaction?&#10;A) Atopic&#10;B) Food induced&#10;C) Chronic&#10;D) Medication induced

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the most frequent type of...

Question 12

Which foods do not create potentially severe reactions when consumed by children? Select all that apply.&#10;A) Peanuts&#10;B) Seafood&#10;C) Peaches&#10;D) Cow's milk

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which foods do not create potentially severe...

Question 13

During the 1980s and 1990s, the risk of IgE-mediated sensitization to __________ was very high in certain populations, specifically in children with atopic dermatitis, spina bifida, and urological disorders.

A) Cow's milk
B) Seafood
C) Peanuts
D) Natural rubber latex (NRL)

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the 1980s and 1990s, the risk...

Question 14

Which is not a systemic sign that will only occur with a latex hypersensitivity?&#10;A) Abdominal cramps&#10;B) Chest pain&#10;C) Dyspnea&#10;D) Hypertension

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is not a systemic sign that...

Question 15

Which medication has been reported as the most common allergy in children?&#10;A) Ibuprofen&#10;B) Tylenol&#10;C) Penicillin&#10;D) Zyrtec

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which medication has been reported as the...

Deck 15: Allergic and Hypersensitivity Disorders