Question 1

What is body mass index defined as?&#10;A) Height to weight&#10;B) The ratio of weight to hip circumference&#10;C) The ratio of weight to waist circumference&#10;D) The calculation of the ratio height to weight

Accepted Answer

Body mass index is defined as the calculation of the ratio of height to weight is made. Obesity is defined as BMI greater than 30.

Question 2

What risk factors have not been linked to the development of obesity:&#10;A) Endocrine disorders&#10;B) Smoking cessation&#10;C) Genetic predisposition&#10;D) Active lifestyle

Accepted Answer

Risk factors that lead to obesity are sedentary lifestyle, endocrine disorders, smoking cessation, age, gender, and excessive caloric intake. Having an active lifestyle is not a risk factor, and it helps prevent obesity.

Question 3

In the United States, what percentage of the population is obese?&#10;A) 40%&#10;B) 45%&#10;C) 36.5%&#10;D) 39%

Accepted Answer

In the United States, more than 36.5% of the population is recorded as obese. Obesity is a global health problem and affects all 50 states and the District of Columbia as well.

Question 4

For the body to regulate weight, it must have a complex balance between what process, organ, or tissues? Select all that apply.&#10;A) Gastrointestinal organs (GI)&#10;B) Adipose tissues&#10;C) Integumentary system&#10;D) Central nervous system (CNS)

Accepted Answer

For the body to maintain and regulate weight, it must keep a constant balance between adipose tissues, the central nervous system (CNS), and the gastrointestinal organs (GI). When the body consumes food and nutrients, hormones are released from the hypothalamus and adipose tissues. Energy from food consumption is used and stored in adipose tissues, which also sends signals to the CNS, which is needed to balance energy and energy expenditure and maintain weight.

Question 5

What hormone signals the body to suppress hunger?&#10;A) Glycogen&#10;B) Leptin&#10;C) Glucose&#10;D) Ghrelin

Accepted Answer

Leptin is released from the hypothalamus to regulate the function of the autonomic and endocrine systems. The hypothalamus balances energy by receiving and integrating the hormones leptin to suppress hunger and ghrelin to stimulate hunger.

Question 6

What two types of microbes are prevalent in the gut?&#10;A) Glycogen and insulin&#10;B) Leptin and ghrelin&#10;C) Phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes&#10;D) Glucose and adipokines

Accepted Answer

Phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes are the two main types of microbes located in the gut. A healthy gut plays a vital role in metabolism and weight. These microbes survive on food; if there is a low number of Bifidobacteria, there will be an increase in weight gain and obesity. Having an imbalance of microbes may result in weight gain and fat storage.

Question 7

Which adipokines protect against arteriosclerosis?&#10;A) Leptin&#10;B) Adiponectin&#10;C) Adipocytes&#10;D) Lipoproteins

Accepted Answer

Adiponectin protects against arteriosclerosis or the thickening of artery walls by increasing insulin sensitivity; when adipose tissues increase, adiponectin production decreases, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels, elevated triglycerides, and low levels of HDL.

Question 8

Which adiponectin blocks fibrinolysis and increases risk of stroke?&#10;A) Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)&#10;B) Angiotensinogen&#10;C) Lipolysis&#10;D) Resistin

Accepted Answer

The adiponectin tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) blocks fibrinolysis from occurring in the body. If fibrinolysis or the enzymatic breakdown of fibrin in the blood that prevents blood clots does not occur, it will increase clot formation and increase stroke risk.

Question 9

When does obesity occur?&#10;A) During fat cell hypertrophy&#10;B) When more calories are absorbed&#10;C) When calories are depleted&#10;D) When there is an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure

Accepted Answer

Obesity occurs when there is an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. More calories are being absorbed than used during metabolism and exercise, excess fat is stored, and weight gain occurs.

Question 10

Which term is defined as increased adipose tissue storage?&#10;A) Fat cell hypertrophy&#10;B) Dyslipidemia&#10;C) Liposomes&#10;D) Metabolism

Accepted Answer

Dyslipidemia is defined as an increase in adipose tissue storage, an increase in LDL (bad cholesterol), triglycerides, and a decrease in HDL (good cholesterol). Dyslipidemia increases the risk for cardiovascular disease.

Question 11

Which is not an esophageal disorder?&#10;A) Dyslipidemia&#10;B) Barrett's esophagus&#10;C) GERD&#10;D) Esophageal cancer

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is not an esophageal disorder?&#10;A) Dyslipidemia&#10;B)...

Question 12

What area is not measured for women to obtain lean body mass?&#10;A) Thigh&#10;B) Suprailiac&#10;C) Triceps&#10;D) Abdomen

Accepted Answer

The answer of What area is not measured for women...

Question 13

What is a modifiable risk factor to become overweight or obese?&#10;A) Age&#10;B) Lifestyle choices&#10;C) Gender&#10;D) Genetic predispositions

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a modifiable risk factor to...

Question 14

How many calories must one burn off each day to achieve a weight loss of 1-2 pounds a week?&#10;A) 2,500 calories&#10;B) 1,500 calories&#10;C) 500-1,000 calories&#10;D) 2,000 calories

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many calories must one burn off...

Question 15

The CDC recommends how many minutes of moderate-intensive activity a week?&#10;A) 50 minutes&#10;B) 60 minutes&#10;C) 70 minutes&#10;D) 80 minutes

Accepted Answer

The answer of The CDC recommends how many minutes of...

Deck 3: Obesity