Question 1

Osmotic diuretics are highly effective treatments for which of the following?&#10;A) pulmonary edema&#10;B) cerebral edema&#10;C) metabolic edema&#10;D) severe congestive heart failure

Accepted Answer

B) Osmotic diuretics are highly effective treatments for cerebral edema, and are used primarily for this purpose. These diuretics include osmotic electrolytes and nonelectrolytes, as well as acid-forming salts.

Question 2

The trade name of mannitol is:&#10;A) Isordil&#10;B) Sequels&#10;C) Osmitrol&#10;D) Osmoglyn

Accepted Answer

C) The trade name of mannitol is Osmitrol. It is an osmotic diuretic that is intravenously administered, for edema or ascites.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor?&#10;A) Diamox&#10;B) Keveyis&#10;C) Isordil&#10;D) Sequels

Accepted Answer

C) Isordil is not a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. It is an osmotic diuretic that is administered orally.

Question 4

The trade name of acetazolamide is:&#10;A) Keveyis&#10;B) Isordil&#10;C) Diamox Sequels&#10;D) Methazolamide

Accepted Answer

C) The trade name of acetazolamide is Diamox Sequels, which is an orally administered formulation. This drug is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. It is also available in a generic form only for intravenous use.

Question 5

The most abundant organic waste is:&#10;A) nitrogen&#10;B) uric acid&#10;C) urea&#10;D) creatinine

Accepted Answer

C) Urea is the most abundant organic waste. Each person generates about 21 g of it each day.

Question 6

Thiazide diuretics are NOT contraindicated in patients with:&#10;A) diabetes&#10;B) hypertension&#10;C) severe renal disease&#10;D) a history of gout

Accepted Answer

B) The thiazide diuretics are not contraindicated in patients with hypertension. They are commonly used for this condition, and can add to the effectiveness of other antihypertensive drugs.

Question 7

The trade name of chlorothiazide is:&#10;A) Esidrix&#10;B) Diuril&#10;C) Lozol&#10;D) Thalitone

Accepted Answer

B) The trade name of chlorothiazide is Diuril. It is an orally administered thiazide diuretic.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of thiazide-like diuretics?&#10;A) Thalitone&#10;B) Diamox&#10;C) Osmitrol&#10;D) Isordil

Accepted Answer

A) Thalitone is an example of thiazide-like diuretics. Its generic name is chlorthalidone, and it is administered orally.

Question 9

Which of the following drugs are the most commonly used type of diuretics?&#10;A) loop&#10;B) potassium-sparing&#10;C) thiazide&#10;D) osmotic

Accepted Answer

C) The thiazide diuretics are the most commonly used type of diuretics. They are used for hypertension, and for edema associated with CHF, hepatic cirrhosis, and corticosteroids or estrogen therapy. They are also used for edema caused by acute glomerulonephritis, and chronic renal failure.

Question 10

Which of the following are the drugs of choice in patients with acute pulmonary edema?&#10;A) osmotic diuretics&#10;B) loop diuretics&#10;C) thiazide diuretics&#10;D) carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Accepted Answer

B) Loop diuretics are the drugs of choice in patients with acute pulmonary edema. They have a rapid onset of action, and are therefore useful in emergencies.

Question 11

Keveyis (dichlorphenamide) is known as which of the following types of diuretics?&#10;A) thiazide-like&#10;B) carbonic anhydrase inhibitor&#10;C) loop&#10;D) potassium-sparing

Accepted Answer

The answer of Keveyis (dichlorphenamide) is known as which of...

Question 12

Positively charged ions, such as sodium ions in extracellular fluid, are referred to as:&#10;A) protons&#10;B) neutrons&#10;C) cations&#10;D) anions

Accepted Answer

The answer of Positively charged ions, such as sodium ions...

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of potassium-sparing diuretics?&#10;A) Dyrenium&#10;B) Demadex&#10;C) Aldactone&#10;D) Lasix

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 14

The trade name of furosemide is:&#10;A) Lasix&#10;B) Edecrin&#10;C) Bumex&#10;D) Demadex

Accepted Answer

The answer of The trade name of furosemide is:&#10;A) Lasix&#10;B)...

Question 15

Renin is secreted by which of the following?&#10;A) Liver&#10;B) Kidneys&#10;C) Pancreas&#10;D) Intestines

Accepted Answer

The answer of Renin is secreted by which of the...

Question 16

Which of the following are referred to as high-ceiling diuretics?&#10;A) thiazide diuretics&#10;B) carbonic anhydrase inhibitors&#10;C) osmotic diuretics&#10;D) loop diuretics

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following are referred to...

Question 17

The aim of urine production is to maintain:&#10;A) metabolism&#10;B) excretion&#10;C) homeostasis&#10;D) purity

Accepted Answer

The answer of The aim of urine production is to...

Question 18

The trade name of indapamide is:&#10;A) Thalitone&#10;B) Diuril&#10;C) Renese&#10;D) Lozol

Accepted Answer

The answer of The trade name of indapamide is:&#10;A) Thalitone&#10;B)...

Question 19

Vasopressin (ADH) is released from which of the following organs?&#10;A) Kidneys&#10;B) Liver&#10;C) Adrenal gland&#10;D) Pituitary gland

Accepted Answer

The answer of Vasopressin (ADH) is released from which of...

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT classified as a loop diuretic?&#10;A) Bumex&#10;B) Lozol&#10;C) Lasix&#10;D) Edecrin

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT classified...

Question 21

Water balance is regulated by the perception of thirst and the secretion of:&#10;A) urea&#10;B) uric acid&#10;C) ADH&#10;D) aldosterone

Accepted Answer

The answer of Water balance is regulated by the perception...

Question 22

Concentration of particles is referred to as:&#10;A) thickness&#10;B) perfusion&#10;C) osmolality&#10;D) water deficit

Accepted Answer

The answer of Concentration of particles is referred to as:&#10;A)...

Question 23

Which of the following is a common adverse effect of thiazide diuretics?&#10;A) hypoglycemia&#10;B) hypokalemia&#10;C) hyperkalemia&#10;D) hypertension

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a common...

Question 24

Which of the following medications is a synthetic aldosterone antagonist?&#10;A) triamterene&#10;B) amiloride&#10;C) spironolactone&#10;D) torsemide

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following medications is a...

Question 25

Which of the following diuretics is the most ototoxic?&#10;A) ethacrynic acid&#10;B) chlorothiazide&#10;C) methyclothiazide&#10;D) acetazolamide

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following diuretics is the...

Question 26

The electrolyte that is most important for maintaining the resting potential of nerve and cardiac muscle cells is:&#10;A) calcium&#10;B) sodium&#10;C) chloride&#10;D) potassium

Accepted Answer

The answer of The electrolyte that is most important for...

Question 27

The chemical that regulates potassium ions, increases sodium ion reabsorption, and is excreted by the adrenal cortex is:&#10;A) hydrocortisone&#10;B) cortisone&#10;C) ADH&#10;D) aldosterone

Accepted Answer

The answer of The chemical that regulates potassium ions, increases...

Question 28

Diuretics have their principal action in promoting water loss at the level of the:&#10;A) urethra&#10;B) nephrons&#10;C) kidneys&#10;D) bladder

Accepted Answer

The answer of Diuretics have their principal action in promoting...

Question 29

Care must be taken with potassium-sparing diuretics because they may cause:&#10;A) cirrhosis&#10;B) hyperkalemia&#10;C) edema&#10;D) hypokalemia

Accepted Answer

The answer of Care must be taken with potassium-sparing diuretics...

Question 30

Loop diuretics act directly on the loop of Henle to inhibit the reabsorption of chloride and:&#10;A) magnesium&#10;B) sodium&#10;C) potassium&#10;D) urea

Accepted Answer

The answer of Loop diuretics act directly on the loop...

Deck 31: Drugs Used to Treat Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances