Deck 17: Antiviral Agents

Question 1

Tiny genetic parasites that require the host cell to replicate and spread are known as:

A) fungi
B) viruses
C) bacteria
D) parasites

Answer 1

viruses

Question 2

Nucleoside analogs are derived from:

A) protease inhibitors
B) nicotinic acid
C) hydrochloric acid
D) nucleic acid

Answer 2

nucleic acid

Question 3

Patients with weakened immune systems are termed to be:

A) encephalitic
B) immunocompromised
C) HAART
D) drug-resistant

Answer 3

immunocompromised

Question 4

Certain viruses protect themselves from attack by the human immune system by creating which of the following?

A) an envelope
B) an interferon
C) an antitoxin
D) a virion

Question 5

VirScan is a new test that may identify approximately 1,000 viruses that have previously reached a person's bloodstream. Which of the following body fluids is tested?

A) urine
B) semen
C) saliva
D) blood

Question 6

The trade name of acyclovir is:

A) Videx
B) Zovirax
C) Symmetrel
D) Cytovene

Question 7

Which of the following antiviral agents is administered by inhalation?

A) ganciclovir (Cytovene )
B) didanosine (Videx )
C) ribavirin (Virazole )
D) amantadine (Symmetrel )

Question 8

The human immunodeficiency virus infects which type of leukocytes?

A) CD4 cells
B) CD8 cells
C) B cells
D) plasma cells

Question 9

How many people has AIDS killed since 1981?

A) 3 million
B) 7 million
C) 22 million
D) 58 million

Question 10

Which of the following is false regarding the structure of HIV?

A) It is made up of DNA.
B) It is surrounded by core proteins.
C) It is surrounded by a capsid.
D) Its envelope contains glycoproteins.

Question 11

During all stages of HIV infection, the virus replicates very quickly, particularly during stage:

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Question 12

After exposure to HIV, prophylactic antiretroviral drugs should be administered within:

A) 1-2 hours
B) 72-96 hours
C) 1-2 weeks
D) 3-4 weeks

Question 13

In which phase of HIV infection are patients asymptomatic?

A) replication phase
B) clinical latency phase
C) post clinical phase
D) final phase

Question 14

Which of the following is false regarding highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)?

A) It reduces viral load.
B) It increases viral load.
C) It increases CD4 cell lymphocyte counts.
D) It delays the onset of AIDS.

Question 15

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) inhibit synthesis of viral DNA by reverse:

A) protease inhibition
B) viral load response
C) strand transfer
D) transcriptase

Question 16

The trade name of zidovudine (AZT or ZDV) is:

A) Epzicom
B) Truvada
C) Retrovir
D) Zerit

Question 17

Abacavir (Ziagen ) is also referred to as:

A) TRZ
B) ABC
C) AZT
D) ZDV

Question 18

The major adverse effects of didanosine (Videx ) are:

A) peripheral neuropathies and pancreatitis
B) heart failure and vasculitis
C) kidney failure and acidosis
D) encephalitis and hypertrophy of prostate

Question 19

Which of the following NNRTIs is the only first-line therapy against HIV, and is highly effective?

A) etravirine (Intelence )
B) nevirapine (Viramune )
C) efavirenz (Sustiva )
D) rilpivirine (Edurant )

Question 20

Atazanavir (Reyataz ) is a protease inhibitor that is NOT used in infants younger than 3 months because it may cause:

A) kernicterus
B) hepatitis
C) brain damage
D) aplastic anemia

Question 21

The trade name of saquinavir is:

A) Viracept
B) Norvir
C) Aptivus
D) Invirase

Question 22

Which agent is used for prophylaxis and treatment of systemic cytomegalovirus?

A) entecavir
B) ganciclovir
C) acyclovir
D) amantadine

Question 23

The most common complication of influenza is bacterial:

A) meningitis
B) laryngitis
C) pneumonia
D) pancreatitis

Question 24

Amantadine is used for the treatment of influenza and:

A) parkinsonism
B) hepatitis C
C) cytomegalovirus
D) cirrhosis of the liver

Question 25

Ribavirin is administered as an aerosol into an infant oxygen hood for the treatment of:

A) bacterial pneumonia
B) respiratory failure
C) respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia
D) pneumoconiosis

Question 26

Which type of viral hepatitis is more severe when contracted by pregnant women?

A) hepatitis B
B) hepatitis E
C) hepatitis C
D) hepatitis A

Question 27

Which type of viral hepatitis is usually spread via the fecal-oral route by ingestion of fecal contaminants?

A) hepatitis G
B) hepatitis D
C) hepatitis A
D) hepatitis E

Question 28

The route of administration of immunoglobulin to treat viral hepatitis is:

A) IM
B) IV
C) SC
D) ID

Question 29

Which type of viral hepatitis may be prevented by vaccine?

A) hepatitis E
B) hepatitis G
C) hepatitis C
D) hepatitis A