Deck 2: Pharmacodynamics

Question 1

The pharmacologic actions of a drug that determine its therapeutic effects are called:

A) pharmacology
B) pharmacokinetics
C) pharmacognosy
D) pharmacodynamics

Answer 1

pharmacodynamics

Question 2

Which of the following body fluids is the most commonly used to characterize pharmacologic drug actions?

A) Urine
B) Cerebrospinal fluid
C) Blood
D) Sputum

Answer 2

Blood

Question 3

Which of the following can determine the dose-effect relationship?

A) Pharmacokinetics
B) Pharmacodynamics
C) Both
D) Neither

Answer 3

Both

Question 4

Which of the following represents the number of patients that respond to the actions of a drug?

A) Frequency distribution curve
B) Median effective dose
C) Dose-effect relationship
D) Median lethal dose

Question 5

Where are intracellular receptors located?

A) in the mitochondrion
B) in the cytoplasm
C) in the nucleus
D) in the ribosomes

Question 6

Drugs must ________ before being absorbed.

A) be diluted
B) circulate
C) be compounded
D) dissolve

Question 7

A drug's potency does NOT indicate anything about which of the following?

A) tolerance
B) target molecules
C) affinity
D) maximal efficacy

Question 8

An example of a toxic agent in which a small dose causes drowsiness, but a large dose can be fatal is:

A) carbon monoxide
B) sulfuric acid
C) hydrochloric acid
D) carbon dioxide

Question 9

A drug that blocks the effects of another substance is called which of the following?

A) stimulant
B) depressant
C) antagonist
D) potentiator

Question 10

The amount of medication needed to produce a specific response in 50% of patients is called the:

A) frequency distribution curve
B) median effective dose
C) maximal efficacy drug
D) dose-effect relationship

Question 11

The therapeutic index of a drug is used to predict whether a certain:

A) drug has any side effects
B) dosage is toxic for pregnant women
C) dosage is safe for a specific patient
D) dosage is lethal for a specific patient

Question 12

The higher the value of the therapeutic index,

A) the safer the medication is to use
B) the cheaper the drug may be, and still be effective
C) means that the safety of the medication is uncertain
D) the less effective a generic drug will be compared to a trade name drug

Question 13

The affinity for a target receptor is its:

A) transcription factor
B) enzyme activation
C) target molecule
D) attractive force

Question 14

Which of the following are NOT triggers of second-messenger events?

A) B-complex vitamins
B) Retinoids
C) Steroid agents
D) Hormones

Question 15

Which of the following are NOT included in the four primary drug-receptor families?

A) Ligand-gated ion channels
B) G protein-coupled receptor systems
C) Antagonists
D) Transcription factors

Question 16

Which of the following are examples of agonist-antagonists?

A) dobutamine and insulin
B) pentazocine and meperidine
C) norethindrone and dobutamine
D) antihistamine and naloxone

Question 17

Transcription factors are located in the:

A) cell nucleus
B) cell membrane
C) mitochondria
D) cytoplasm

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a substance that utilizes a G protein-coupled receptor system?

A) serotonin
B) histamine
C) testosterone
D) norepinephrine

Question 19

Which of the following in an enzyme embedded in cell membranes?

A) insulin
B) acetylcholine
C) gamma-aminobutyric acid
D) serotonin

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT true regarding a median toxicity dose?

A) It produces a given toxicity in 50% of patients.
B) It is determined from animal testing data.
C) It cannot be tested in humans.
D) It determines adverse effects occurring during patient clinical trials.

Question 21

Which of the following is a component of nonspecific cellular responses?

A) osmotic diuretic
B) insulin
C) acetylcholine
D) progesterone

Question 22

A drug that binds to a receptor, and produces a stimulatory response that is similar to what an endogenous substance would have done if it were bound to the receptor is known as a(n):

A) receptor
B) agonist
C) antagonist
D) agonist-antagonist

Question 23

Which of the following is a true statement regarding antagonists?

A) Combining two antibiotics may increase each drug's effects.
B) All antagonists produce a stimulatory response that is similar to what an endogenous substances produces.
C) They have affinity and high intrinsic activity.
D) All antagonists are associated with receptors.

Question 24

Competitive antagonists are also referred to as:

A) surmountable antagonists
B) insurmountable antagonists
C) agonist-antagonists
D) partial agonists

Question 25

The amount of drug required to cause an effect is referred to as:

A) maximal efficacy
B) dose-effect relationship
C) relative potency
D) adverse effect