Deck 2: Human Value Development and the System of Public Law

Question 1

What are two important sources for human motivation?

A) morals and ethics
B) ethics and needs
C) morals and values
D) needs and values

Answer 1

needs and values

Question 2

The theory that holds that the historical time period in which an individual is born shapes the development of their world view was popularized in the 1970s and 1980s by sociologist ____________.

A) William Massey
B) Carol Gilligan
C) Abraham Maslow
D) Lawrence Kohlberg

Answer 2

William Massey

Question 3

The decision-shaping value that provides freedom from constraint is referred to as_____________.

A) security
B) accomplishment
C) independence
D) autonomy

Answer 3

independence

Question 4

In Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, the highest point of development is ____________________.

A) motivation
B) self-actualization
C) autonomy
D) independence

Question 5

When individuals think about what they "ought" to do in a particular situation, they are thinking in the world of ____________________.

A) morals
B) ethics
C) values
D) needs

Question 6

According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, food-gathering activities would be explained by motivation at which of the following levels?

A) physiological
B) self-actualization
C) needs-satisfying
D) safety

Question 7

According to Lawrence Kohlberg's model, children in the conventional stage exhibit which of the following characteristics?

A) respect rules
B) egotism
C) personal conscience
D) social contract

Question 8

One of the foremost theorists in regard to value development is ____________________.

A) Carol Gilligan
B) Jean Piaget
C) David Hume
D) Abraham Maslow

Question 9

____________________ challenged Lawrence Kohlberg's theory, stating that it failed to take into consideration a separate value developmental path for females.

A) Isabel Myers
B) Jean Piaget
C) David Hume
D) Carol Gilligan

Question 10

According to Kohlberg's stage theory of moral reasoning, a child between the ages of 3 and 7 years who exhibits the characteristic of satisfying his or her desires is operating at the ____________ stage.

A) preconventional
B) conventional
C) postconventional
D) nonconventional

Question 11

Carol Gilligan believes that for females, the highest value consideration is based on _________________________.

A) pleasing others
B) personal responsibility
C) respect for rules
D) legalistic equality

Question 12

Those in society who believe that there are no moral truths, no moral rules, no moral knowledge and no responsibilities subscribe to a philosophy of moral ____________.

A) felony
B) misdemeanor
C) nihilism
D) immunity

Question 13

Which generation received its value programming by the events surrounding the Great Depression and World War II?

A) Silent Generation
B) Baby Boomer Generation
C) Generation X
D) Millennial Generation

Question 14

Match each item to the statement listed below.

-The theorist whose seminal work provided an easily understood model of needs-based human choices

A) Abraham Maslow
B) Carol Gilligan
C) Lawrence Kohlberg
D) Hierarchy of Needs
E) Traditionalists
F) Value cohort
G) Responsibility
H) Altruism
I) Relativism

Question 15

Match each item to the statement listed below.

-One of the value cohorts that received its value programming by the events surrounding the Great Depression and World War II

A) Abraham Maslow
B) Carol Gilligan
C) Lawrence Kohlberg
D) Hierarchy of Needs
E) Traditionalists
F) Value cohort
G) Responsibility
H) Altruism
I) Relativism

Question 16

Match each item to the statement listed below.

-Concern for the welfare of others; selflessness?

A) Abraham Maslow
B) Carol Gilligan
C) Lawrence Kohlberg
D) Hierarchy of Needs
E) Traditionalists
F) Value cohort
G) Responsibility
H) Altruism
I) Relativism

Question 17

Match each item to the statement listed below.

-A graphic organizer that explains Abraham Maslow's important work?

A) Abraham Maslow
B) Carol Gilligan
C) Lawrence Kohlberg
D) Hierarchy of Needs
E) Traditionalists
F) Value cohort
G) Responsibility
H) Altruism
I) Relativism

Question 18

Match each item to the statement listed below.

-The theorist who holds that females follow a different value development path than males?

A) Abraham Maslow
B) Carol Gilligan
C) Lawrence Kohlberg
D) Hierarchy of Needs
E) Traditionalists
F) Value cohort
G) Responsibility
H) Altruism
I) Relativism

Question 19

Match each item to the statement listed below.

-One of the foremost theorists in value development ?

A) Abraham Maslow
B) Carol Gilligan
C) Lawrence Kohlberg
D) Hierarchy of Needs
E) Traditionalists
F) Value cohort
G) Responsibility
H) Altruism
I) Relativism

Question 20

Match each item to the statement listed below.

-The doctrine that truth is not an absolute but is relative to the individual or group that holds the belief

A) Abraham Maslow
B) Carol Gilligan
C) Lawrence Kohlberg
D) Hierarchy of Needs
E) Traditionalists
F) Value cohort
G) Responsibility
H) Altruism
I) Relativism

Question 21

According to generational theory, when is the critical period of value programming?

Question 22

What does the supremacy clause of the Constitution state in regards to federal and state laws?

Question 23

What are the four forms of public law?

Question 24

List important state statutes that impact the provision of health care.

Question 25

Why is standpoint theory an important consideration when making value decisions?

Question 26

List the core values of Generation X.

Question 27

Millennials share what core values?

Question 28

Compare and contrast the theoretical positions of Gilligan, Kohlberg, and Massey as they relate to human value development.

Question 29

In the movie Titanic, there was a scene in which the men stood aside and the band played as the women and children were evacuated to safety. Using this scene as the basis of your answer, explain how this illustrates the difference between motivation based on needs and values.

Question 30

Assume that the value cohort concept is correct. Write a short essay identifying at least three (historically) significant emotional events that shaped your age group and how they have shaped the values of this group.

Question 31

Carol Gilligan challenged some of the findings of the value development model of Lawrence Kohlberg. Explain the basis for the challenge and identify how each theorist differs in regard to the highest level of development.

Question 32

Humans appear to receive motivation for behavior from both a needs and values system. In a short essay, differentiate between the two systems and give at least two examples of each.

Question 33

In the controversy between Gilligan and Kohlberg, they seem to argue about a different highest value for men and women. Starting with "A person should," write a value statement for each of the theorists regarding whether it is acceptable to lie on a work application.