Deck 43: Care of Patients in Disasters or Bioterrorism Attack

Question 1

Which agency requires emergency preparedness plans for accredited hospitals?

A) American Red Cross (ARC)
B) The Joint Commission (TJC)
C) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
D) Office of Civil Defense (OCD)

Answer 1

The Joint Commission (TJC)

Question 2

If terrorists were to use category B agents that produce low death rates and moderate illness,by which route would the organisms likely be delivered?

A) Vaporization
B) Water sources
C) Explosion
D) Person-to-person contact

Answer 2

Water sources

Question 3

Which measurement best detects the daily amount of radiation to which a health worker is exposed?

A) Radiation urinalysis
B) Radiation badges
C) Radiation spectrometer
D) Radiation sputum analysis

Answer 3

Radiation badges

Question 4

In a terrorist attack,introduction of the plague would most likely occur as an aerosolized weapon.The nurse understands that this organism is very vulnerable to exposure to which element?

A) Temperature of 40° F
B) Sunlight
C) Strong chlorine solution
D) Nitrogen gas

Question 5

A freezer full of food at the time of the power failure will keep food to eat for what period of time?

A) 8 hours
B) 12 hours
C) 24 hours
D) 48 hours

Question 6

When can patients with plague who have been treated with appropriate antibiotics be released from respiratory droplet precautions?

A) After resolution of all symptoms
B) After three sputum samples are negative for blood
C) After all lesions are dried
D) After the patient receives 48 hours of antibiotic treatment

Question 7

During a tornado warning with sirens,the nursing staff are caring for 36 patients on the second floor medical-surgical unit.How should the staff protect the patients?

A) Move all patients to the evacuation center across the street.
B) Bring all patients into the hall and close doors and windows.
C) Seal all patients in their bathrooms and cover windows with bed mattresses.
D) Evacuate patients to the basement via the elevators.

Question 8

Why is a chelating agent administered after a person has been exposed to particulate radioactive material?

A) To bind with radioactive material and allow it to be excreted
B) To reduce radioactivity to nonharmful levels
C) To form a protective coat in the gastrointestinal system
D) To dissolve particulate material

Question 9

During a power failure,at what temperature should perishable food be maintained to prevent possibility of food poisoning?

A) 40° F
B) 45° F
C) 50° F
D) 55° F

Question 10

After a terrorist attack with smallpox virus,the nurse assesses a newly admitted patient with large vesicles.The nurse understands that which assessment finding differentiates smallpox vesicles from chickenpox vesicles?

A) Lesions on the face
B) Lesions on mucous membranes
C) Lesions on the soles of the feet
D) Lesions in the axilla

Question 11

During a flood,the public water supply has been contaminated.Which action is most important for the nurse to take?

A) Designate which commodes can be used for body waste.
B) Gather a large pot, household bleach, and other supplies.
C) Run cold water in sinks to have reservoirs of water.
D) Reserve existing water for hand washing only.

Question 12

What is the purpose of debriefing after caring for victims of a disaster?

A) To analyze the effectiveness of the disaster plan
B) To assess the efficiency of the response
C) To modify the disaster plan
D) To help allay post-traumatic stress disorders

Question 13

In a terrorist attack,which period of time poses the greatest chance for inhalation of aerosolized anthrax?

A) The day of the attack
B) The day after the attack
C) 2 days after the attack
D) 1 week after the attack

Question 14

The news reports that a train derailment 5 miles from a clinic spilled a large amount of liquid chlorine that has been vaporized by the atmosphere.Which finding indicates that the chlorine gas is an imminent threat to the clinic?

A) Sighting of a low-lying green cloud.
B) Smelling "almonds" or "burning feathers."
C) Onset of sudden nausea in multiple patients.
D) Onset of skin blisters in multiple patients.

Question 15

A nurse is attempting to restore order to a group of people trapped in a building by rising flood waters.Which action is best for the nurse to take?

A) Give each person a specific duty.
B) Allow people to direct themselves to helpful tasks.
C) Make a list of essential jobs and ask for volunteers.
D) Compile all food in a central location and direct people to form a line to take what they need.

Question 16

The nurse is teaching community members about precautions related to a pandemic occurrence.Which information is most important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan?

A) Be sure to cover your mouth when coughing.
B) Be prepared to stay at home for at least 2 weeks.
C) Dispose of tissues after using them.
D) Avoid shaking hands.

Question 17

The nurse explains differences between an emergency situation and a disaster to high school class.Which statement is true?

A) An emergency consists of fewer than 50 people who require emergent treatment.
B) In an emergency situation, the local emergency rooms can meet the need.
C) An emergency situation lacks the need for a prearranged management plan.
D) In an emergency situation, the community population is not affected by the event.

Question 18

A patient comes to the emergency department after exposure to a toxic chemical spill.Which action indicates that the nurse accurately understands proper management of this patient?

A) Disinfecting contact lenses before reinserting them.
B) Irrigating the patient's eyes for 5 to 7 minutes with water.
C) Using tongs to handle removed clothing.
D) Placing the clothing in a metal receptacle for disposal.

Question 19

After a truck crashes into the dayroom of a long-term health care facility,many of the residents are injured,and noninjured residents are stunned and frightened.What action should the nurse take?

A) Firmly instruct two CNAs to start wheeling residents to the dining room in their wheelchairs.
B) Begin wheeling residents back to their rooms herself.
C) Shout for everyone to hurry to the dining room.
D) Begin treating the injured in the center of the dayroom.

Question 20

How many times per year should accredited health care facilities test their emergency plans?

A) Once
B) Twice
C) Three times
D) Four times

Question 21

Assign triage categories to the disaster victims that they best fit.(Options may be used once, more than once, or not at all.)

Sucking chest wound,fully conscious

A)Red tag: emergent
B)Yellow tag: urgent
C)Green tag: nonurgent
D)Black tag: terminal

Question 22

Which statement accurately describes how water can be rendered safe for drinking in the event of a disruption of service?

A) Allow water to sit for 24 hours before using.
B) Boil water for 3 to 5 minutes.
C) Add 1 mL (16 drops) of household bleach to a gallon of water and let it stand for 30 minutes.
D) Drain water from hot water heaters.
E) Pour water through several layers of cotton towels.

Question 23

Assign triage categories to the disaster victims that they best fit.(Options may be used once, more than once, or not at all.)

Woman in labor,pains 10 minutes apart

A)Red tag: emergent
B)Yellow tag: urgent
C)Green tag: nonurgent
D)Black tag: terminal

Question 24

Assign triage categories to the disaster victims that they best fit.(Options may be used once, more than once, or not at all.)

Closed fracture of arm,head laceration

A)Red tag: emergent
B)Yellow tag: urgent
C)Green tag: nonurgent
D)Black tag: terminal

Question 25

Which category A organisms may be released in a bioterrorism attack because of high lethality?

A) Ebola
B) Avian flu
C) Botulism
D) Smallpox
E) Tularemia

Question 26

Local civil defense courses on disaster preparedness explain the roles of which people/entities?

A) State government
B) Federal government
C) Law enforcement agencies
D) Individual service agencies
E) Nurse as a volunteer
F)None of above

Question 27

Assign triage categories to the disaster victims that they best fit.(Options may be used once, more than once, or not at all.)

Compound fracture of both femurs,concussion

A)Red tag: emergent
B)Yellow tag: urgent
C)Green tag: nonurgent
D)Black tag: terminal

Question 28

The nurse is participating in an educational program concerning nuclear disasters.Which factor(s)determine(s)a victim's level of exposure to radiation?

A) Age of the victim
B) Body surface area of the victim
C) Length of exposure
D) Distance of the victim from the nuclear source
E) Shielding of the victim from the nuclear source

Question 29

The nurse is preparing a list of items that are needed in a disaster kit.Which items should the nurse include?

A) A 12-day supply of bottled water
B) Nonperishable food items
C) Prescription medications
D) Portable radio
E) Bedding
F) First aid kit

Question 30

Essential elements in a disaster plan include provision of which components?

A) Shelter for victims
B) Transportation
C) Communication
D) Welfare of victims
E) Food
F)None of above

Question 31

Assign triage categories to the disaster victims that they best fit.(Options may be used once, more than once, or not at all.)

Toddler with partial-thickness burns on both legs

A)Red tag: emergent
B)Yellow tag: urgent
C)Green tag: nonurgent
D)Black tag: terminal

Question 32

Assign triage categories to the disaster victims that they best fit.(Options may be used once, more than once, or not at all.)

Crushed chest,paraplegia

A)Red tag: emergent
B)Yellow tag: urgent
C)Green tag: nonurgent
D)Black tag: terminal

Question 33

Assign triage categories to the disaster victims that they best fit.(Options may be used once, more than once, or not at all.)

Amputated arm,conscious,but in shock

A)Red tag: emergent
B)Yellow tag: urgent
C)Green tag: nonurgent
D)Black tag: terminal