Deck 2: Developmental and Psychological Theories of Offending

Question 1

The four dimensions of Lahey and Waldman's (2005) developmental propensity theory - (i) low cognitive ability; ii) prosociality; iii) daring; iv) negative emotionality - are said to have a genetic basis.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The "maturity gap" is associated with which component of Moffitt's (1993) developmental taxonomy?

A) The life-course-persistent theory
B) The adolescence-limited theory

Answer 2

The adolescence-limited theory

Question 3

According to Thornberry and Krohn's (2005) interactional theory, at what age range are neuropsychological deficits proposed to be the most important in explaining offending behaviour?

A) Birth to 6 years of age
B) 6 to 12 years of age
C) 12 to 18 years of age
D) 18 to 25 years of age

Answer 3

Birth to 6 years of age

Question 4

Thornberry and Krohn (2001) proposed that changing social influences, protective factors such as high intelligence, and intervention programmes can cause ______

Question 5

Which developmental theory focuses explicitly on why people do not offend, rather than on why they do offend?

A) Developmental propensity theory (Lahey & Waldman, 2005)
B) The developmental taxonomy of adolescence-limited versus life-course-persistent offenders (Moffitt, 1993)
C) Interactional theory (Thornberry & Krohn, 2005)
D) Age-graded informal social control theory (Sampson & Laub, 2005)

Question 6

_____ theory hypothesises that broken homes have a significant impact on offending behaviour.

Question 7

Classical (automatic) conditioning is a key component of Eysenck's personality theory.

Question 8

According to research on the relationship between child-rearing methods and offending, which factor is the strongest and most replicable predictor of offending?

A) Parental supervision
B) Discipline or parental reinforcement
C) The warmth/coldness of emotional relationships
D) Parental involvement with children

Question 9

Which theory is most associated with the development of parent management training programmes?

A) Bowlby's attachment theory
B) Eysenck's personality theory
C) Patterson's social learning theory
D) Walters' lifestyle theory

Question 10

The antisocial potential (AP) of Farrington's (2005) Integrated Cognitive Antisocial Potential (ICAP) theory assumes that the translation from antisocial potential to antisocial behaviour is contingent upon _________

Question 11

Long-term AP depends on motivating and situational factors.

Question 12

From the list below, identify those features of Farrington's ICAP theory that are purported to directly contribute to short-term AP.

A) Being bored or frustrated
B) Impulsiveness
C) Opportunities
D) Antisocial models
E) Attachment