Deck 23: Anti-Infectives and Systemic Antibacterial Agents

Question 1

Which of the following organisms are ultramicroscopic, lack rigid cell walls, and are considered to be the smallest free-living organisms?

A) bacteria
B) viruses
C) mycoplasms
D) fungi

Answer 1

mycoplasms

Question 2

Any antibiotic that is administered for a long time may result in which of the following?

A) superinfections
B) suppuration
C) broad-spectrum
D) narrow-spectrum

Answer 2

superinfections

Question 3

Which of the following anti-infective agents were the first drugs to prevent and cure human bacterial infections successfully?

A) penicillins
B) cephalosporins
C) fluoroquinolones
D) sulfonamides

Answer 3

sulfonamides

Question 4

Cephalosporins are known as:

A) generation antibiotics
B) extended spectrum
C) macrolides
D) beta-lactam antibiotics

Question 5

Sulfonamides suppress bacterial growth by triggering a mechanism that blocks synthesis of:

A) folic acid
B) nucleic acid
C) protein
D) none of the above

Question 6

Which of the following agents may cause the risk of crystals and stones forming in the kidneys?

A) penicillins
B) quinolones
C) sulfonamides
D) macrolides

Question 7

The major cause of resistance to penicillin is due to production of:

A) penicillin-binding proteins
B) penicillinases
C) DNA gyrase
D) None of the above

Question 8

Injection of penicillin to a patient may cause anaphylactic reactions within how long after administration?

A) 30 minutes
B) 60 minutes
C) 90 minutes
D) 120 minutes

Question 9

Resistant penicillins are used predominantly for penicillinase-producing microorganisms of which of the following types of infections?

A) escherichia infections
B) streptococcal infections
C) staphylococcal infections
D) pneumococcal infections

Question 10

Extended spectrum penicillins are prescribed mainly to treat serious infections caused by:

A) Gram-positive organisms
B) Gram-negative organisms
C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
D) A and C

Question 11

Major aminoglycosides include all of the following, except:

A) gentamicin
B) kanamycin
C) vancomycin
D) amikacin

Question 12

Macrolide derivatives include all of the following, except:

A) clindamycin
B) clarithromycin
C) azithromycin
D) erythromycin

Question 13

Which of the following are the drugs of choice for the treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Legionnaires' disease, and pertussis?

A) sulfonamides
B) cephalosporins
C) macrolides
D) tetracyclines

Question 14

Which of the following are the drugs of choice for rickettsial conditions such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever?

A) sulfonamides
B) cephalosporins
C) macrolides
D) tetracycline

Question 15

Which of the following is the drug of choice for treating leprosy?

A) spectinomycin
B) dapsone
C) vancomycin
D) isoniazid

Question 16

Fluoroquinolones are related to which of the following acids?

A) hydrochloric acid
B) folic acid
C) nucleic acid
D) nalidixic acid

Question 17

Which of the following agents may lead to Gray Baby Syndrome in neonates?

A) chloramphenicol
B) clindamycin
C) spectinomycin
D) vancomycin

Question 18

Which of the following antibiotics are contraindicated in children under the age of 8 years that may cause permanent discoloration of teeth?

A) sulfonamides
B) tetracyclines
C) macrolides
D) cephalosporins

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of fluoroquinolones?

A) carbenicillin
B) ciprofloxacin
C) neomycin
D) streptomycin

Question 20

Which of the following agents may cause rash on the upper body that is sometimes called "Red-Man Syndrome"?

A) ciprofloxacin
B) dapsone
C) vancomycin
D) clindamycin

Question 21

Extended-spectrum penicillins are bactericidal and inhibit bacterial ____________________ synthesis.

Question 22

The cephalosporins are classified into four different ____________________.

Question 23

Aminoglycosides can cause serious adverse effects such as ototoxicity and ____________________.

Question 24

In patients with penicillin allergy, ____________________ are the best alternatives in the treatment of gonorrhea, syphilis, and pneumococcal pneumonia.

Question 25

____________________ is highly effective in the prophylaxis of "traveler's diarrhea".

Question 26

Fluoroquinolones are used in the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive and ____________________ microorganisms.

Question 27

Chloramphenicol can cause suppression of ____________________ (in high doses) with resulting pancytopenia.

Question 28

Clindamycin may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and pseudomembranous ____________________.

Question 29

Dapsone is excreted in breast milk, and may cause ____________________ reactions in neonates.

Question 30

Ethambutol may cause optic ____________________, drug fever, hallucinations, and joint pain.

Question 31

__________ are single-colled parasitic organisms with the ability to move.

Question 32

Gram-positive microorganisms are those that stain __________ or __________ with Gram stain.

Question 33

Fungi are microorganisms that grow as __________ cells or in colonies.

Question 34

Anything that has the ability to kill bacterial growth is called __________.

Question 35

A rash on the upper body caused by vancomycin is known as __________ __________ syndrome.

Question 36

Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by __________.

Question 37

The normal flora of the body may be disrupted by administration of oral antibiotics, which causes a __________.

Question 38

The first antimicrobial drugs to cure human infection were the __________.

Question 39

Major __________ include amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, netilmicin, streptomycin, and tobramycin.

Question 40

The __________ include erythromycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin.

Question 41

Match the generic name with the trade name.

-sulfadizine

A) Gantrisin
B) Rocephin
C) Keflex
D) Omnicef
E) Geocillin
F) Microsulfan

Question 42

Match the generic name with the trade name.

-carbenicillin

A) Gantrisin
B) Rocephin
C) Keflex
D) Omnicef
E) Geocillin
F) Microsulfan

Question 43

Match the generic name with the trade name.

-cefdinir

A) Gantrisin
B) Rocephin
C) Keflex
D) Omnicef
E) Geocillin
F) Microsulfan

Question 44

Match the generic name with the trade name.

-sulfisoxaole

A) Gantrisin
B) Rocephin
C) Keflex
D) Omnicef
E) Geocillin
F) Microsulfan

Question 45

Match the generic name with the trade name.

-ceftriaxone

A) Gantrisin
B) Rocephin
C) Keflex
D) Omnicef
E) Geocillin
F) Microsulfan

Question 46

Match the generic name with the trade name.

-cephalexin

A) Gantrisin
B) Rocephin
C) Keflex
D) Omnicef
E) Geocillin
F) Microsulfan

Question 47

Match the generic name with the trade name.

-chloramphenicol

A) Noroxin
B) Lincocin
C) Maxaquin
D) Ketex
E) NegGram
F) Chloromycetin
G) Floxin
H) Trobicin
I) Levaquin
J) Avelox

Question 48

Match the generic name with the trade name.

-ofloxacin

A) Noroxin
B) Lincocin
C) Maxaquin
D) Ketex
E) NegGram
F) Chloromycetin
G) Floxin
H) Trobicin
I) Levaquin
J) Avelox

Question 49

Match the generic name with the trade name.

-spectinomycin

A) Noroxin
B) Lincocin
C) Maxaquin
D) Ketex
E) NegGram
F) Chloromycetin
G) Floxin
H) Trobicin
I) Levaquin
J) Avelox

Question 50

Match the generic name with the trade name.

-levofloxacin

A) Noroxin
B) Lincocin
C) Maxaquin
D) Ketex
E) NegGram
F) Chloromycetin
G) Floxin
H) Trobicin
I) Levaquin
J) Avelox

Question 51

Match the generic name with the trade name.

-moxifloxacin

A) Noroxin
B) Lincocin
C) Maxaquin
D) Ketex
E) NegGram
F) Chloromycetin
G) Floxin
H) Trobicin
I) Levaquin
J) Avelox

Question 52

Match the generic name with the trade name.

-lomefloxacin

A) Noroxin
B) Lincocin
C) Maxaquin
D) Ketex
E) NegGram
F) Chloromycetin
G) Floxin
H) Trobicin
I) Levaquin
J) Avelox

Question 53

Match the generic name with the trade name.

-nalidixic acid

A) Noroxin
B) Lincocin
C) Maxaquin
D) Ketex
E) NegGram
F) Chloromycetin
G) Floxin
H) Trobicin
I) Levaquin
J) Avelox

Question 54

Match the generic name with the trade name.

-telithromycin

A) Noroxin
B) Lincocin
C) Maxaquin
D) Ketex
E) NegGram
F) Chloromycetin
G) Floxin
H) Trobicin
I) Levaquin
J) Avelox

Question 55

Match the generic name with the trade name.

-lincomycin

A) Noroxin
B) Lincocin
C) Maxaquin
D) Ketex
E) NegGram
F) Chloromycetin
G) Floxin
H) Trobicin
I) Levaquin
J) Avelox

Question 56

Match the generic name with the trade name.

-norfloxacin

A) Noroxin
B) Lincocin
C) Maxaquin
D) Ketex
E) NegGram
F) Chloromycetin
G) Floxin
H) Trobicin
I) Levaquin
J) Avelox