Deck 20: Vitamins, Minerals, and Nutritional Supplements

Question 1

Which of the following vitamin deficiencies may cause pernicious anemia?

A) vitamin B₁
B) vitamin B₃
C) vitamin B₆
D) vitamin B₁₂

Answer 1

vitamin B₁₂

Question 2

Excessive amounts of fluoride in drinking water may cause discoloration of the:

A) nails
B) teeth
C) skin
D) tongue

Answer 2

teeth

Question 3

Iodine deficiency may cause:

A) cretinism (congenital myxedema)
B) rickets
C) osteoporosis
D) anemia

Answer 3

cretinism (congenital myxedema)

Question 4

Vitamin D deficiency can result in:

A) night blindness
B) dry skin
C) osteomalacia
D) peptic ulcer

Question 5

A fat-soluble vitamin chemically related to the steroids is known as:

A) cyanocobalamin
B) calciferol
C) biotin
D) retinol

Question 6

Which of the following disorders is caused by a deficiency of niacin?

A) osteomalacia
B) keratomalacia
C) beriberi
D) pellagra

Question 7

Extreme dryness of the conjunctiva resulting from an eye disease is referred to as:

A) ophthalmoplegia
B) xerophthalmia
C) xerostomia
D) xanthoma

Question 8

A deficiency of vitamin C may result in:

A) scurvy
B) anemia
C) beriberi
D) pellagra

Question 9

Retinol is another name for:

A) vitamin A
B) vitamin K
C) vitamin D
D) vitamin E

Question 10

Absorption of vitamin B₁₂ requires:

A) gastrin
B) intrinsic factor
C) secretin
D) calcium

Question 11

Warfarin is an antagonist of which of the following vitamins?

A) vitamin D
B) vitamin E
C) vitamin K
D) vitamin A

Question 12

Riboflavin is another name for:

A) vitamin A
B) vitamin B₁
C) vitamin B₂
D) vitamin B₆

Question 13

Benign hypercalcemia due to excessive absorption of calcium may result in which of the following?

A) brain damage
B) renal damage
C) bone cancer
D) liver failure

Question 14

Which of the following is the most common metal chloride?

A) potassium chloride
B) sodium chloride
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

Question 15

The second-most abundant action of the intracellular fluids in the body involves which of the following minerals?

A) iron
B) iodine
C) magnesium
D) none of the above

Question 16

Nearly all functional units of the immune system are adversely affected by which of the following mineral deficiencies?

A) zinc
B) magnesium
C) fluorine
D) copper

Question 17

Which of the following foods contains reasonable amounts of fluoride?

A) milk
B) wine
C) tea
D) coffee

Question 18

Which of the following drugs can bind to copper and remove it from the tissues for excretion?

A) penicillamine
B) penicillin
C) perphenazine
D) penciclovir

Question 19

Which of the following is the purpose of food additives?

A) to maintain nutritional value
B) to prevent food poisoning
C) to maintain freshness in the food
D) A and C

Question 20

Tocopherol is also known as:

A) vitamin D
B) vitamin E
C) vitamin K
D) vitamin A

Question 21

Deficiency of vitamin A leads to atrophy of epithelial tissue, resulting in keratomalacia, xerophthalmia, and ____________________. It may also cause growth retardation (in children) and lessened resistance to ____________________ of the mucus membranes.

Question 22

Inadequate exposure to sunlight and low dietary intake are usually necessary for development of clinical ____________________ deficiency.

Question 23

Electrolytes are compounds, particularly salts, that when dissolved in ____________________, dissociate into ____________________.

Question 24

The major minerals include calcium, sodium, chloride, ____________________, and ____________________.

Question 25

Excessive doses of phosphorus may produce ____________________ in some cases.

Question 26

Fissures on the lips caused by deficiency of riboflavin (vitamin B₂) are collectively referred to as __________.

Question 27

Keratomalacia is characterized by softening, ulceration, and perforation of the cornea caused by __________ __________ deficiency.

Question 28

Menadione is a water-soluble injectable form of vitamin __________.

Question 29

Potassium is the major electrolyte in __________ fluids.

Question 30

Pellagra is a disease caused by a deficiency of __________ and protein in the diet.

Question 31

Vitamin A is also called __________.

Question 32

Rickets is a deficiency of vitamin D and __________.

Question 33

Match each description with its vitamin.

-Also called biotin

A) vitamin B₁
B) vitamin B₂
C) vitamin B₃
D) vitamin B₅
E) vitamin B₆
F) vitamin B₇
G) vitamin B₉
H) vitamin B₁₂
I) vitamin C
J) vitamin E

Question 34

Plasma vitamin A concentrations are elevated in patients with chronic __________ disease.

Question 35

Vitamin D2 is also called __________.

Question 36

The ingestion of megadoses of vitamin B₆ (pyridoxine) may cause progressive sensory __________.

Question 37

Magnesium is an important ion for the function of many __________ systems.

Question 38

Copper toxicity may cause __________ disease.

Question 39

Pharma food is composed of a type of particle that is ingested by __________.

Question 40

Inhaled lidocaine is now used as a treatment for __________, which has led to a marked decline in the use of steroids.

Question 41

Match the vitamin to the food source.

-vitamin A

A) eggs
B) broccoli
C) wheat germ
D) oranges
E) liver

Question 42

Match the vitamin to the food source.

-vitamin D

A) eggs
B) broccoli
C) wheat germ
D) oranges
E) liver

Question 43

Match the vitamin to the food source.

-vitamin E

A) eggs
B) broccoli
C) wheat germ
D) oranges
E) liver

Question 44

Match the vitamin to the food source.

-vitamin K

A) eggs
B) broccoli
C) wheat germ
D) oranges
E) liver

Question 45

Match the vitamin to the food source.

-vitamin C

A) eggs
B) broccoli
C) wheat germ
D) oranges
E) liver

Question 46

Match each description with its vitamin.

-Also called tocopherol

A) vitamin B₁
B) vitamin B₂
C) vitamin B₃
D) vitamin B₅
E) vitamin B₆
F) vitamin B₇
G) vitamin B₉
H) vitamin B₁₂
I) vitamin C
J) vitamin E

Question 47

Match each description with its vitamin.

-Deficiency causes scurvy

A) vitamin B₁
B) vitamin B₂
C) vitamin B₃
D) vitamin B₅
E) vitamin B₆
F) vitamin B₇
G) vitamin B₉
H) vitamin B₁₂
I) vitamin C
J) vitamin E

Question 48

Match each description with its vitamin.

-Deficiency may cause spina bifida in a fetus

A) vitamin B₁
B) vitamin B₂
C) vitamin B₃
D) vitamin B₅
E) vitamin B₆
F) vitamin B₇
G) vitamin B₉
H) vitamin B₁₂
I) vitamin C
J) vitamin E

Question 49

Match each description with its vitamin.

-Deficiency may cause beriberi

A) vitamin B₁
B) vitamin B₂
C) vitamin B₃
D) vitamin B₅
E) vitamin B₆
F) vitamin B₇
G) vitamin B₉
H) vitamin B₁₂
I) vitamin C
J) vitamin E

Question 50

Match each description with its vitamin.

-Deficiency may cause glossitis

A) vitamin B₁
B) vitamin B₂
C) vitamin B₃
D) vitamin B₅
E) vitamin B₆
F) vitamin B₇
G) vitamin B₉
H) vitamin B₁₂
I) vitamin C
J) vitamin E

Question 51

Match each description with its vitamin.

-Also called niacin or nicotinic acid

A) vitamin B₁
B) vitamin B₂
C) vitamin B₃
D) vitamin B₅
E) vitamin B₆
F) vitamin B₇
G) vitamin B₉
H) vitamin B₁₂
I) vitamin C
J) vitamin E

Question 52

Match each description with its vitamin.

-Also called pantothenic acid

A) vitamin B₁
B) vitamin B₂
C) vitamin B₃
D) vitamin B₅
E) vitamin B₆
F) vitamin B₇
G) vitamin B₉
H) vitamin B₁₂
I) vitamin C
J) vitamin E

Question 53

Match each description with its vitamin.

-Also called pyridoxine

A) vitamin B₁
B) vitamin B₂
C) vitamin B₃
D) vitamin B₅
E) vitamin B₆
F) vitamin B₇
G) vitamin B₉
H) vitamin B₁₂
I) vitamin C
J) vitamin E