Deck 3: Biopharmaceutics

Question 1

When a drug blocks a functional change in a cell, it is called:

A) bioavailability
B) analgesia
C) biotransformation
D) an antagonist

Answer 1

an antagonist

Question 2

A unique, strange, or unpredicted reaction to a drug is called:

A) an idiosyncratic reaction
B) an allergic reaction
C) an anaphylactic reaction
D) anaphylactic shock

Answer 2

an idiosyncratic reaction

Question 3

The study of the action and movement of drugs within the body is known as:

A) pharmacology
B) pharmacodynamics
C) pharmacokinetics
D) pharmacodynetics

Answer 3

pharmacokinetics

Question 4

The most common and important mode of traversal of drugs through membranes is:

A) filtration
B) osmosis
C) active transport
D) passive transport

Question 5

Drugs given orally are usually absorbed across the:

A) mouth
B) stomach
C) small intestine
D) large intestine

Question 6

Drugs with an acidic pH are easily:

A) excreted
B) absorbed
C) distributed
D) metabolized

Question 7

Which of the following indicates measurement of both the rate of drug absorption and total amount of drug that reaches the systemic blood circulation from an administered dosage form?

A) bioavailability
B) half-life
C) dose-effect relationship
D) none of the above

Question 8

The rate of absorption of a drug (via injection) depends on which of the following factors?

A) the vascularity of the muscle site
B) the first pass through the liver
C) the lipid solubility of the drug
D) both A and C

Question 9

Which of the following organs or structures possesses special anatomical barriers that prevent many chemicals and drugs from entering?

A) liver
B) placenta
C) brain
D) both B and C

Question 10

A chemical reaction wherein a drug is converted into compounds, and then easily removed from the body, is called:

A) catabolism
B) metabolism
C) anabolism
D) none of the above

Question 11

Many biotransformations in the liver occur in which of the following organelles of the liver cells?

A) mitochondrion
B) ribosome
C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
D) rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 12

Which of the following organs in the body is the major site of excretion for most drugs?

A) liver
B) kidneys
C) lungs
D) skin

Question 13

The process of renal excretion of drugs and their metabolites involves which of the following?

A) reabsorption
B) secretion
C) filtration
D) all of the above

Question 14

Drug elimination is described as which of the following?

A) drug selection
B) drug clearance
C) drug half-life
D) none of the above

Question 15

The study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs is called:

A) pharmacognosy
B) pharmacognosis
C) pharmacokinetics
D) pharmacodynamics

Question 16

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics can determine the:

A) drug half-life
B) dose-effect relationship
C) drug tolerance
D) drug anaphylaxis

Question 17

Antimetabolites interrupt or inhibit the actions of particular:

A) enzymes
B) vitamins
C) toxins of drugs
D) all of the above

Question 18

The larger the half-life value, the:

A) less time it takes for a drug to be eliminated
B) more time it takes for a drug to be eliminated
C) more time it takes for a drug to be absorbed
D) less time it takes for a drug to be absorbed

Question 19

A sugar pill, or sterile water that is thought to be a drug, is called a:

A) pyrogen
B) plateau
C) petechia
D) placebo

Question 20

Idiosyncratic reactions may be caused by underlying:

A) iron deficiencies
B) enzyme deficiencies from genetics
C) malnutrition
D) therapeutic indexes

Question 21

Almost all drugs are capable of producing ____________________ effects.

Question 22

Adverse reactions or adverse effects usually imply more ____________________ symptoms.

Question 23

An anaphylactic reaction to a drug is a severe form of an ____________________ reaction.

Question 24

The therapeutic index is expressed in the form of a ____________________.

Question 25

Certain drugs that stimulate or depress the central nervous system are prone to causing drug ____________________.

Question 26

The half-life of a drug is the time it takes for the concentration of the drug in plasma to be reduced by ____________________.

Question 27

Most drugs have an affinity for certain organs or tissues, and exert their greatest action at the cellular level in those specific areas, which are called ____________________.

Question 28

Plasma clearance divided by blood clearance equals blood concentration divided by ____________________ concentration.

Question 29

Probenecid may be used to block the renal excretion of ____________________.

Question 30

The rate of filtration is referred to as the glomerular ____________________.

Question 31

The process of particles in a fluid moving from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called __________.

Question 32

Tolerance is the development of __________ to the effects of a drug resulting in doses that must be increased.

Question 33

Pharmacokinetics include the mechanisms of absorption, distribution, __________, and excretion of drugs.

Question 34

Agents that are relatively lipid-soluble diffuse __________ __________ than less lipid-soluble drugs.

Question 35

Drugs given __________ are abosrbed across the small intestine, and enter the hepatic portal vein.

Question 36

Drugs administered in high __________ tend to be more rapidly absorbed.

Question 37

Drug distribution varies, based on __________ solubility and blood flow to specific tissues.

Question 38

The major site of biotransformation in the body is the __________.

Question 39

Cytochrome P-450 enzymes are present in the highest concentration in the liver and __________.

Question 40

The kidney is the major site of __________ for most drugs.

Question 41

Match each definition or description with its term .

-The movement of water from the tubules to blood circulation

A)Biotransformation
B)Passive transport
C)Filtration
D)Agonist
E)Placebo
F)Lipid solubility
G)Active transport
H)Diffusion
I)Reabsorption
J)First-pass effect

Question 42

Match each definition or description with its term .

-A fluid moving from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

A)Biotransformation
B)Passive transport
C)Filtration
D)Agonist
E)Placebo
F)Lipid solubility
G)Active transport
H)Diffusion
I)Reabsorption
J)First-pass effect

Question 43

Match each definition or description with its term .

-Drugs reaching the liver to be metabolized

A)Biotransformation
B)Passive transport
C)Filtration
D)Agonist
E)Placebo
F)Lipid solubility
G)Active transport
H)Diffusion
I)Reabsorption
J)First-pass effect

Question 44

Match each definition or description with its term .

-Moves particles in fluid through membranes from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration

A)Biotransformation
B)Passive transport
C)Filtration
D)Agonist
E)Placebo
F)Lipid solubility
G)Active transport
H)Diffusion
I)Reabsorption
J)First-pass effect

Question 45

Match each definition or description with its term .

-Also known as metabolism

A)Biotransformation
B)Passive transport
C)Filtration
D)Agonist
E)Placebo
F)Lipid solubility
G)Active transport
H)Diffusion
I)Reabsorption
J)First-pass effect

Question 46

Match each definition or description with its term .

-Membrane transport processes that do not require ATP

A)Biotransformation
B)Passive transport
C)Filtration
D)Agonist
E)Placebo
F)Lipid solubility
G)Active transport
H)Diffusion
I)Reabsorption
J)First-pass effect

Question 47

Match each definition or description with its term .

-Drugs that produce functional changes in cells

A)Biotransformation
B)Passive transport
C)Filtration
D)Agonist
E)Placebo
F)Lipid solubility
G)Active transport
H)Diffusion
I)Reabsorption
J)First-pass effect

Question 48

Match each definition or description with its term .

-The movement of water and dissolved substances from the glomerulus to the Bowman's capsule

A)Biotransformation
B)Passive transport
C)Filtration
D)Agonist
E)Placebo
F)Lipid solubility
G)Active transport
H)Diffusion
I)Reabsorption
J)First-pass effect

Question 49

Match each definition or description with its term .

-An inert substance given to a patient instead of an active medicine

A)Biotransformation
B)Passive transport
C)Filtration
D)Agonist
E)Placebo
F)Lipid solubility
G)Active transport
H)Diffusion
I)Reabsorption
J)First-pass effect

Question 50

Match each definition or description with its term .

-The ability to dissolve in a fatty medium

A)Biotransformation
B)Passive transport
C)Filtration
D)Agonist
E)Placebo
F)Lipid solubility
G)Active transport
H)Diffusion
I)Reabsorption
J)First-pass effect