Deck 4: Chronic Illnesses the Major Killers

Question 1

Adult-onset diabetes is characterized by:

A) loss of receptivity of body cells to insulin
B) high sugar diet
C) presence of a genetic defect
D) decreased insulin production
E) all of the above

Answer 1

loss of receptivity of body cells to insulin

Question 2

Which of the following diseases has no symptoms in most cases?

A) diabetes
B) congestive heart failure
C) angina
D) hypertension
E) none of the above

Answer 2

hypertension

Question 3

Anyone with chest pain or pressure for more than ___________ minutes should seek immediate medical care

A) 5
B) 10
C) 30
D) 60
E) none of the above

Answer 3

10

Question 4

The leading cause of cancer deaths among women in the United States is:

A) breast
B) colon
C) melanoma
D) ovarian
E) lung

Question 5

The most common cause of hospitalization among older adults is:

A) heart disease
B) lung disease
C) diabetes
D) arthritis
E) none of the above

Question 6

The three leading causes of death among elders, in order of mortality, are:

A) heart disease, accidents, stroke
B) cancer, heart disease, accidents
C) stroke, heart disease, cancer
D) heart disease, cancer, stroke
E) cancer, pneumonia, heart disease.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

A) sedentary life style
B) arthritis
C) hypertension
D) elevated cholesterol
E) family history

Question 8

Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL) measure the ability of older adults to:

A) live safely in the community
B) perform more complex activities needed to live independently
C) manage their chronic illness effectively
D) perform self-care activities in the home
E) none of the above

Question 9

Which of the following is a risk factor for heart disease?

A) ethnicity
B) gender
C) cigarette smoking
D) unhealthy diet
E) all of the above

Question 10

"Miscarried helping" refers to:

A) support that is excessive, untimely or inappropriate
B) when caregivers are overburdened by responsibilities and unable to help
C) the "sick role" behavior of older adults
D) the need for caregiving by older adults with chronic illness
E) assistance provided by elders to those who have lost a baby

Question 11

Chronic illness can be difficult to diagnose among elders because they may:

A) report different symptoms than younger group
B) may complain of multiple, nonspecific symptoms
C) have side effects from medication that are misinterpreted as another condition
D) symptoms of chronic illness may be incorrectly attributed to normal age changes
E) all of the above

Question 12

The symptoms of this disease depend on which artery is affected:

A) coronary artery disease
B) angina pectoris
C) high blood pressure
D) stroke
E) all of the above

Question 13

Which of the following diseases has no symptoms in most cases?

A) diabetes
B) emphysema
C) angina pectoris
D) hypertension
E) gout

Question 14

A cure has been found for which of the following?

A) heart disease
B) stroke
C) breast cancer
D) a and b
E) none of the above

Question 15

What percentage of the elder population smoke?

A) 50 percent
B) 25 percent
C) 12 percent
D) 5 percent
E) less than 5 percent

Question 16

Which of the following statements about chronic illnesses is false:

A) chronic illnesses are incurable
B) heart disease is a chronic condition
C) four of five elders have at least one chronic condition
D) most elders are severely disabled by chronic illness
E) most chronic illnesses take a long time to develop

Question 17

Another term for heart disease is:

A) ischemic heart disease
B) coronary artery disease
C) congestive heart failure
D) a and b only
E) all of the above

Question 18

Statin drugs are commonly prescribed to:

A) widen the airways for those with emphysema
B) reduce the size of the prostate gland
C) prevent a recurrence of breast cancer
D) counteract the negative effect of too much insulin
E) none of the above

Question 19

Which of the following are false regarding cancer:

A) the incidence of cancer increases with age
B) treatments pose more risks than almost any other medical treatment
C) the most effective way to prevent it is to not smoke cigarettes
D) the three most common treatments are surgery, radiation and chemotherapy
E) all are true

Question 20

COPD includes which of the following diseases?

A) chronic bronchitis
B) emphysema
C) lung cancer
D) a and b
E) all of the above

Question 21

The most common cause of a stroke is a blood vessel that bursts and results in hemorrhage.

Question 22

Most chronic illnesses can be managed to control symptoms and slow the progression of the disease.

Question 23

Although chronic illnesses cause much disability among elders, acute illnesses are responsible for the majority of deaths.

Question 24

Adult-onset diabetes is more common among older people who are obese than those who are not.

Question 25

The sphygmomanometer measures the volume of air an individual is able to inhale in one breath.

Question 26

The majority of breast cancer among women occurs before age 50.

Question 27

Fatal heart attacks are most common among younger people, the very old, and women

Question 28

High blood cholesterol is one of the risk factors for heart disease that you can do something about.

Question 29

There is nothing you can do to prevent high blood pressure.

Question 30

Blood pressure is high when it measures at or over 140/90 mm Hg.

Question 31

If you are overweight, losing weight helps lower your high blood cholesterol and high blood pressure.

Question 32

The symptoms of most chronic illnesses cannot be controlled.

Question 33

Chest pain is the most frequent symptom of heart attack in elders.

Question 34

The most effective treatment for many chronic illnesses is modification of lifestyle.

Question 35

Stroke rehabilitation is seldom effective for elders.

Question 36

Cancer is difficult to diagnose in elders.

Question 37

Chronic illnesses are permanent and full recovery is not possible.

Question 38

Exercise is a more effective treatment for back pain than bed rest.

Question 39

Taking an aspirin every other day reduces heart attack risk among men.

Question 40

The majority of heart attacks are fatal, especially among men.

Question 41

Heart disease accounts for over half of all deaths among elders.

Question 42

The higher the LDL cholesterol, the higher the risk of heart disease and the lower the HDL cholesterol, the lower the risk of heart disease

Question 43

Only a very small proportion of men with prostate cancer will die from it.

Question 44

If an individual quickly goes to the hospital within three hours after a stroke, drugs can be administered to reduce the impact.

Question 45

Narrowing of blood vessels due to build-up of fatty plaques _______.

Question 46

A portion of the brain is deprived of blood _______.

Question 47

Chronic inflammation and swelling of cells lining the bronchi _______

Question 48

Rupturing of the alveoli within the lungs, resulting in larger, less elastic sacs which make it harder to expel air from the lungs _______.

Question 49

The major risk factor for emphysema _______.

Question 50

The most common treatment for adult-onset diabetes _______.

Question 51

Blood pressure reading above which an adult is considered hypertensive _______.

Question 52

The heart muscle does not pump blood efficiently _______.

Question 53

The biggest cause of respiratory problems _______.

Question 54

Released by pancreas into blood to enable body cells to use sugar to produce energy _________

Question 55

Disease characterized by a lack of insulin _________

Question 56

Disease characterized by insulin resistance _______.

Question 57

Distinguish between ischemic stroke and hemmorhagic stroke.

Question 58

Discuss the common treatments of hypertension and their advantages and disadvantages.

Question 59

List the seven warning signs of cancer.

Question 60

Diabetes is associated with a number of complications in other body systems. Discuss at least three of these.

Question 61

Describe symptoms and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Question 62

List at least six risk factors for heart disease.

Question 63

What is angina, its symptoms and treatment?

Question 64

What happens to the heart during a heart attack?

Question 65

List four treatments used to treat a blocked coronary artery.

Question 66

Define the two common types of cardiac arrhythmias: atrial fibrillation and ventricular fibrillation, symptoms, and outcome.

Question 67

List and describe the two most common screening tests for detection of prostate cancer.

Question 68

Which two drugs are most commonly prescribed for COPD and how does each work?

Question 69

List three ways to diagnose colon cancer.

Question 70

What is cholesterol? What are the physiological consequences of high cholesterol?

Question 71

Describe three treatments for a heart attack.

Question 72

Discuss at least six differences between chronic and acute illness. Give examples.

Question 73

Discuss the factors that make diagnosis of chronic illness difficult in elders.

Question 74

Strauss discusses seven problems of daily living for the chronically ill. Discuss each, using examples.

Question 75

Describe what Parson means by "sick role" and discuss its positive and negative effects. How must it be modified for chronic illness and why?

Question 76

Create a brief case history of an elderly individual with a health problem or problems. Discuss how these problems affect that person physiologically, psychologically and socially. How might these problems affect the life of that person, directly or indirectly?

Question 77

How is blood pressure measured? What recommendations should be followed to most accurately determine whether an elder has high blood pressure? What are the dangers of overtreatment?

Question 78

Write an essay about the harmful effects of cigarette smoking.

Question 79

List and describe six tests commonly performed if an individual is at high risk for heart disease or already has heart disease.

Question 80

Discuss the reasons why chronic diseases are more difficult to diagnose in older people.