Deck 8: Cognitive Learning and Development

Question 1

Core Knowledge suggests that infants learn through:

A) sucking and banging
B) home and child care experiences
C) predisposition to pay attention to aspects of the environment necessary for survival
D) rich language experiences and good nutrition

Answer 1

predisposition to pay attention to aspects of the environment necessary for survival

Question 2

The emotional foundations of learning are:

A) emotional expression and attachment
B) identity formation and emotional expression
C) identity formation and regulation
D) regulation and attachment

Answer 2

regulation and attachment

Question 3

Mattie (2-years-old) struggled but continued to stack the blocks in a certain way. She is demonstrating:

A) persistence through frustration
B) attention
C) curiosity
D) memory

Answer 3

persistence through frustration

Question 4

In regard to sensory experience infants:

A) can not see or hear well until age 2
B) have very few capabilities until age 1
C) do not expect that their senses will provide coherent information
D) expect that their senses will provide coherent information

Question 5

Infants are calmed through the sense of:

A) taste
B) touch
C) sight
D) hearing

Question 6

Cognitive development describes the learning a person does to:

A) participate in his or her own culture.
B) learn about the objects in the world.
C) learn language.
D) learn about numbers

Question 7

Marisol picked up one rattle after another and shook them, listening to the noises that they made. However, she didn't pick up the ball and shake it. She is demonstrating her ability to:

A) imitate
B) problem-solve
C) categorize
D) engage in symbolic play

Question 8

When Marisol picked up one rattle after another and shook them, listening to the noises that they made, but did not pick up the ball and shake it, she was using:

A) visible information
B) invisible information
C) cultural learning
D) decentered symbolic play

Question 9

Zoe picked up the toy cup and pretended to give her doll a drink. She was engaged in:

A) auto-symbolic play
B) automatic symbolic play
C) repeated symbolic play
D) decentered symbolic play

Question 10

Because Hanna (an infant/toddler teacher) understood the concept of habituation she:

A) only introduced new toys every 6 months
B) provided kangaroo care
C) tried to use the same sound (such as "oo") when with a baby for several minutes
D) used different sounds when cooing with a baby

Question 11

Concepts are:

A) a type of scaffolding
B) a generalized mental representation
C) a group of objects that are organized in a specific way
D) abilities

Question 12

Damika (12-months-old) watched as his infant-toddler teacher put two dolls in the box. The box had a hole in it so that he could pull out one doll at a time. We would expect him to:

A) reach in the box 1 time and pull one doll out
B) reach in the box 2x and pull out one doll each time
C) after pulling the 2 dolls out, he would reach in a third time
D) not reach in the box at all

Question 13

When an adult adjusts the amount of help given in response to a child's level of performance to support the child to achieve what he could not do alone it is called:

A) attachment
B) attunement
C) scaffolding
D) mirroring

Question 14

When a child learns about how objects and people continue to exist despite changes in settings or emotional tone he is learning about:

A) object permanence
B) use of tools
C) use of space
D) cause and effect

Question 15

Contingency is an important aspect of the child's learning about:

A) object permanence
B) use of tools
C) use of space
D) cause and effect

Question 16

This book recommends that early care and learning programs be organized around:

A) learning objectives for children
B) distinct, sequentially teacher presented skills
C) the natural motivation and competence of the child
D) child achievement

Question 17

A term that means that a child gives up easily or creates a situation so that she will fail is learned:

A) learned powerlessness
B) learned defenselessness
C) learned helplessness
D) learned vulnerability

Question 18

Infant/toddler teachers determine how an infant or toddler perceives and processes information by using:

A) observation
B) standardized assessments
C) standardized curriculum
D) parent questionnaires

Question 19

Infants pay attention to:

A) the brightest lights in a room
B) the frequency and patterns of events
C) language used on television
D) objects that are painted red

Question 20

Executive function involves:

A) working memory, self-control, and mental flexibility
B) problem-solving, persistence, and concepts
C) social interaction, neuronal networks, and imitation
D) regulation, memory, and persistence

Question 21

What is the relationship between a young baby's ability to self-regulate and his ability to learn?

Question 22

Does infant and toddler cognition exist entirely on a sensory level? List three reasons for your answer.

Question 23

How does early symbolic (or pretend) play illustrate a child's cognitive processes?