Question 1

Which among the following statements is true regarding the vascular supply to the spinal cord?&#10;A) The spinal cord arteries are able to help in compensating with collateral circulation&#10;B) The spinal cord arteries are unable to compensate with collateral circulation&#10;C) If the arterial supply is compromised, this may lead to ischaemia below the site of injury&#10;D) None are correct

Accepted Answer

The spinal cord arteries are unable to compensate with collateral circulation&#10;

Question 2

A person who has a direct fall hitting the sagittal area of the head is susceptible to what type of spinal injury?&#10;A) Flexion-motion injury&#10;B) Extension injury&#10;C) Compression injury&#10;D) Rotation injury

Accepted Answer

A direct fall hitting the sagittal area of the head can cause a compression injury due to the axial load transmitted down the spine.

Question 3

Which among the following statements associated with spinal trauma is correct?&#10;A) All multi-trauma patients should be treated as having suspected spinal cord injury (SCI)&#10;B) Unconscious patients with questionable signs of spinal cord injury does not necessarily be treated as having SCI&#10;C) Airway intervention for patients suspected with SCI should include manipulation of the spine&#10;D) Spinal immobilisation is necessary in a pre-hospital management of penetrating cord injuries affecting the head and neck where there is no neurological deficit

Accepted Answer

All multi-trauma patients should indeed be treated as having suspected spinal cord injury (SCI) until proven otherwise, due to the potential for severe and permanent damage if a spinal injury is present and not properly managed. This approach ensures the highest level of care and precaution is taken to prevent further injury.

Question 4

What is the ideal body position in the management of patient with multiple injuries?&#10;A) Prone position&#10;B) Moderate-high back rest&#10;C) Recovery position&#10;D) Neutral position

Accepted Answer

Neutral position is the ideal body position in the management of patient with multiple injuries.

Question 5

What is the significance of a rectal examination in a spinal cord injury?&#10;A) It helps identify internal bleeding&#10;B) It helps assess lumbar injury&#10;C) It helps identify the presence of sacral nerve injury&#10;D) It is a definitive indicator of sacral nerve injury

Accepted Answer

A rectal examination in the context of a spinal cord injury is significant because it can help identify the presence of sacral nerve injury. This is because the sacral nerves control the muscles of the bowel and bladder, and their function can be assessed through rectal examination.

Question 6

Based on NEXUS low-risk criteria, which among the following DOES NOT belong to the the criteria of cervical spine radiography indication?&#10;A) Trauma patient with posterior midline cervical spine tenderness&#10;B) Trauma patient with altered level of alertness&#10;C) Trauma patient with evidence of intoxication&#10;D) None are correct

Accepted Answer

The NEXUS (National Emergency X-Radiography Utilization Study) criteria are used to decide when cervical spine radiography is not necessary for trauma patients. All the options listed (A, B, C) are part of the criteria indicating when imaging is needed, thus none of the choices are correct in stating which does NOT belong.

Question 7

It is the characteristic of paradoxical breathing which may be a result of a damage to the cervical cord.&#10;A) The abdomen expands during inspiration while the chest moves inwards&#10;B) The abdomen moves inwards during inspiration while the chest expands&#10;C) Both abdomen and chest expand during inspiration&#10;D) Both abdomen and chest move inwards during expiration

Accepted Answer

Paradoxical breathing is characterized by the abdomen expanding during inspiration while the chest moves inwards, often due to diaphragmatic dysfunction or spinal cord injury affecting the nerves that control the diaphragm.

Question 8

Who among the following most likely suffer from respiratory impairment?&#10;A) Patient with C4 injury&#10;B) Patient with T1 injury&#10;C) Patient with L3 injury&#10;D) Patient with S1 injury

Accepted Answer

A patient with a C4 spinal cord injury is most likely to suffer from respiratory impairment because the C4 level is high in the cervical spine, where nerves that control diaphragmatic movement originate. Damage at this level can impair the ability to breathe independently.

Question 9

The loss of the body's ability to autoregulate temperature:&#10;A) Athermia&#10;B) Poikilothermia&#10;C) Dysthermia&#10;D) Hypothermia

Accepted Answer

Poikilothermia refers to the loss of the body's ability to regulate its own temperature, causing the body temperature to vary with the ambient or environmental temperature.

Deck 47: Spinal Trauma