Deck 44: Maxillofacial Trauma

Question 1

What is the major cause of death from facial trauma?

A) Haemorrhage
B) Facial nerve damage
C) Asphyxia
D) Increased ICP

Answer 1

Asphyxia

Question 2

Which of the following SHOULD NOT be used in an unconscious patient to prevent obstruction from the tongue due to the risk of intracerebral malpositioning?

A) Oropharyngeal airway
B) Nasopharyngeal airway
C) Oropharyngeal airway and Nasopharyngeal airway
D) None are correct

Answer 2

Nasopharyngeal airway

Question 3

Which among the following interventions is appropriate to manage nasopharyngeal bleeding from anterior vessels?

A) Pinch the nose between the fingers and thumb while applying icepacks to the nose and forehead.
B) Apply pharyngeal packing or foley catheter or Epistat tube with the balloon inflated within the nasopharynx
C) Apply a direct pressure on the nose with gauze and secure packing by taping it to the face.
D) Allow the patient to lean forward and allow the flow of haemorrhage.

Answer 3

Pinch the nose between the fingers and thumb while applying icepacks to the nose and forehead.

Question 4

What method/s can be used to control severe haemorrhage from facial trauma?

A) Angiography
B) Transcatheter arterial embolisation
C) Ligation of arteries and veins
D) All are correct

Question 5

The loss of upper lip movement is suggestive of damage to which cranial nerve?

A) Oculomotor
B) Trochlear
C) Trigeminal
D) Facial

Question 6

What should be carefully evaluated when there are deep lacerations of the cheek and over the jaw?Parotid gland

A) Salivary gland
B) Sublingual gland
C) Submandibular duct

Question 7

What solution is best to use in irrigating soft tissue laceration?

A) Povidone-iodine solution
B) Hydrogen peroxide solution
C) Chlorhexidine solution
D) Normal saline

Question 8

The single and most useful radiologic test for maxillofacial injury:

A) Posteroanterior view or water's view
B) Towne's view
C) Submental vertex
D) Lateral oblique mandible

Question 9

The presence of 'donkey-face' deformity, malocclusion, mobile face, marked facial oedema and CSF rhinorrhoea are clinical presentations of which maxillary facial fracture?

A) Le Fort I (transverse)
B) Le Fort II (pyramidal)
C) Le Fort III (craniofacial dysjunction)
D) None are correct

Question 10

A theory associated with orbital blow-out fractures which suggests that direct pressure on the orbital rim transmits force to the weaker orbital floor causing fracture:

A) Hydraulic hypothesis
B) Buckling theory
C) Direct pressure theory
D) Fluid mechanic hypothesis

Question 11

The principal arteries supplying the face include:

A) Lingual, facial, maxillary, superficial temporal
B) Facial, ophthalmic, parotid, lingual
C) Superficial temporal, hypoglossal, maxillary, lingual
D) Maxillary, sphenoid, superficial temporal, facial

Question 12

The cranial nerve (CN) that provides motor, parasympathetic and sensory innervation of the face is:

A) CN I
B) CN V
C) CN III
D) CN VII

Question 13

The name of the bone that the zygomatic bone articulates with to complete the lateral wall of the orbit:

A) Frontal
B) Maxilla
C) Sphenoid
D) Lacrimal

Question 14

A transverse fracture of the superior portion of the maxilla is classified as a:

A) Le Fort I
B) Le Fort II
C) Le Fort III
D) Le Fort IV

Question 15

The cardinal sign of a fractured mandible is:

A) Pain
B) Malocclusion
C) Trismus
D) Displacement of the mandible to the contra-lateral side of the fracture

Question 16

A potentially serious complication of nasal injuries resulting in irreversible septal destruction and deformity is:

A) Septal haematoma
B) Abnormal bone growth from a fractured nasal bone
C) Septal deviation
D) Haemorrhage

Question 17

Of the cranial nerves (CN), which of the following is directly involved with the eye?

A) CN X
B) CN IV
C) CN VII
D) CN IX

Question 18

Deep lacerations to the cheek should alert the paramedic to the presence of associated injury to:

A) Lacrimal gland and duct
B) Parotid gland and duct
C) Septal haematoma
D) Laceration of cranial nerve III