Question 1

The source of data for trauma research which serves as an essential instrument in understanding trauma both as a clinical and a public health problem.&#10;A) Pathology&#10;B) Pathophysiology&#10;C) Epidemiology&#10;D) Endemic statistical data

Accepted Answer

Epidemiology is the study of how often diseases occur in different groups of people and why. It provides essential data for managing public health, including the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases, such as trauma. This makes it a crucial source of data for trauma research, helping to understand its patterns and causes in populations.

Question 2

What is the most common external cause of hospital admission regardless of gender?&#10;A) Motor vehicular accident&#10;B) Falls&#10;C) Poison&#10;D) Drowning

Accepted Answer

Falls are the most common external cause of hospital admissions across genders, often leading to injuries that require medical attention.

Question 3

Which among the following belong to the category of higher risk of death due to injury?&#10;A) Older adults&#10;B) Males&#10;C) Alcoholics&#10;D) All are correct

Accepted Answer

All the options listed - older adults, males, and alcoholics - are associated with a higher risk of death due to injury. Older adults may have a higher risk due to factors like decreased mobility and frailty, males statistically suffer more fatal injuries than females, and alcoholics are at higher risk due to impaired judgment and increased likelihood of engaging in risky behaviors.

Question 4

The following are patient characteristics in victims of penetrating trauma in Australia and New Zealand, EXCEPT:&#10;A) Older adults&#10;B) Unemployment&#10;C) Firearm ownership&#10;D) Gang membership

Accepted Answer

Older adults are less commonly victims of penetrating trauma in Australia and New Zealand, where such incidents more frequently involve younger individuals often associated with factors like unemployment, firearm ownership, and gang membership.

Question 5

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is defined as an anxiety disorder following the occurrence of a traumatic event.How long should its symptoms persist for it to be considered as PTSD?&#10;A) >1 month&#10;B) >3 months&#10;C) >6 months&#10;D) >1 year

Accepted Answer

PTSD is diagnosed when symptoms persist for more than 1 month following a traumatic event. If symptoms resolve within 1 month, it may be considered acute stress disorder instead.

Question 6

A set of systems regarded as the primary means of ensuring that novice drivers are introduced to the use of motor vehicles in a safe, controlled and low-risk manner.&#10;A) Graduated driver licensing&#10;B) Learner licensing&#10;C) Beginner driver licensing&#10;D) Apprenticeship driver licensing

Accepted Answer

Graduated driver licensing (GDL) systems are designed to provide new drivers with a phased approach to gaining driving experience. This approach typically involves stages, starting with a learner's permit, followed by a provisional or intermediate license, and finally a full driver's license, with each stage introducing more driving privileges. GDL systems aim to reduce the risks new drivers face by gradually increasing their exposure to complex driving situations.

Question 7

The following are the four basic laws of physics significant to mechanism of injury. Which is NOT included?&#10;A) Newton's first law of motion&#10;B) Newton's second law of motion&#10;C) Newton's third law of motion&#10;D) Law of conservation of energy&#10;E) Law of moving objects

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following are the four basic laws...

Question 8

A car hits a 9-year-old child pedestrian.The child sustains a combination of injuries referred to as Waddell's triad, which includes the following:&#10;A) Subarachnoid haemorrhage, splenic rupture and pelvic fracture&#10;B) Skull fracture, splenic rupture and cardiac tamponade&#10;C) Skull fracture, supracondylar, patellar and tibial fractures; sternal/rib fractures and femur/pelvic fractures&#10;D) Cerebral contusion, pneumothorax, and tibia and fibula fracture

Accepted Answer

Waddell's triad refers to a pattern of injuries often seen in pediatric patients struck by vehicles, typically including injuries to the head (such as a skull fracture), thoracic or abdominal injuries (such as sternal, rib, or pelvic fractures), and lower extremity injuries (such as femur fractures). Option C most closely matches this description, although it lists more specific fractures than traditionally associated with Waddell's triad. The classic triad includes a head injury, a thoracic or abdominal injury, and a femoral fracture.

Question 9

Blunt trauma results from which of the following mechanism of injury?&#10;A) Acceleration, deceleration, compression, axial loading&#10;B) Acceleration, deceleration, compression, high velocity&#10;C) Acceleration, deceleration, compression, inertial resistance&#10;D) Acceleration, deceleration, compression, shearing or direct forces

Accepted Answer

Blunt trauma can result from a variety of mechanisms including acceleration, deceleration, compression, and shearing or direct forces. These mechanisms describe how forces are applied to the body in a non-penetrating manner, leading to injury.

Question 10

The most common mechanism injury associated with falls is?&#10;A) Acceleration&#10;B) Deceleration&#10;C) Vertical deceleration&#10;D) Vertical acceleration

Accepted Answer

Vertical deceleration is the most common mechanism of injury associated with falls, as it involves the body coming to a sudden stop after falling from a height, causing injury due to the rapid decrease in velocity.

Question 11

An unrestrained driver of a vehicle driving 80 kph hits a tree. With no airbag deployed, the patient has endured a frontal impact up and over trajectory. Which of the following injury is NOT included?&#10;A) Pneumothorax, haemothorax, flail chest, myocardial contusion&#10;B) Fractured sternum, ruptured spleen or liver&#10;C) Patella dislocation, midshaft femur fracture, femoral head fractures&#10;D) Skull fracture, spinal injuries, cerebral contusion

Accepted Answer

The answer of An unrestrained driver of a vehicle driving...

Question 12

Rear-impact collision results in:&#10;A) Skull fracture&#10;B) Hyperextension of the neck&#10;C) Chest injuries&#10;D) Abdominal injuries

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rear-impact collision results in:&#10;A) Skull fracture&#10;B) Hyperextension...

Question 13

A seatbelt worn above the pelvis rim will likely result in the following injuries:&#10;A) Pelvic fracture&#10;B) Neck of femur fracture&#10;C) Colon or intestine and pancreas rupture&#10;D) Myocardial contusion

Accepted Answer

The answer of A seatbelt worn above the pelvis rim...

Question 14

The most common injury sites related to interpersonal violence include the following:&#10;A) Head, back, chest, face and hands&#10;B) Head, neck and face&#10;C) Head, chest, face and hands and legs&#10;D) Head, neck and chest

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most common injury sites related to...

Question 15

A patient has sustained inhalation injuries following a burn trauma. This injury may result from which three mechanisms resulting in bronchoconstriction and respiratory distress:&#10;A) Carbon monoxide poisoning, thermal injury and chemical injury&#10;B) Carbon monoxide poisoning, upper airway injury and lower airway injury&#10;C) Carbon monoxide poisoning, mechanical injury and chemical injury&#10;D) Thermal, chemical and mechanical injuries

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient has sustained inhalation injuries following...

Deck 41: Epidemiology of Injury