Deck 8: The Body in Health and Illness

Question 1

Which part of the limbic system links sensory information to emotionally relevant behaviour, particularly in response to fear and anger?

A) Fornix
B) Thalamus
C) Hippocampus
D) Amygdala

Answer 1

Amygdala

Question 2

Hormonal noradrenaline is released from the

A) adrenal medulla
B) adrenal cortex
C) pituitary gland
D) brain stem

Answer 2

adrenal medulla

Question 3

Multiple sclerosis

A) is a progressive and predictable disease
B) can affect any part of the nervous system
C) always ends in the death of the person with the condition
D) can be effectively treated with beta blockers

Answer 3

can affect any part of the nervous system

Question 4

The role of the parasympathetic nervous system is often known as the

A) rest-recover response
B) fight-flight response
C) adrenaline response
D) Noradrenaline response

Question 5

High sympathetic activity is known as the

A) activation response
B) adrenaline rush
C) fight-flight response
D) fear response

Question 6

Cortisol is released at times of stress. Its role is to

A) Stimulate the body into action
B) Inhibit inflammation of damaged tissue
C) Counter the experience of pain
D) Counter the action of the sympathetic nervous system.

Question 7

High density lipoproteins

A) Are another name for cholesterol
B) Transport cholesterol to the various tissues and body cells
C) Transport excess or unused cholesterol from the tissues back to the liver
D) Are the main cause of coronary heart disease

Question 8

Which of the following are not lymphocytes?

A) Cytotoxic T cells
B) Plasma B cells
C) Macrophages
D) Memory B cells

Question 9

According to Rao et al. (2013), recent developments in treatment for HIV does not promise what?

A) Lower risk of progression to AIDS
B) Simpler drug regimes
C) Better adherence to medication
D) A cure

Question 10

The lymph nodes are part of the immune system. Which of the following is not a lymph node?

A) Cilia
B) Tonsils
C) Peyer's patches
D) Appendix

Question 11

Phagocytes

A) adhere to and then engulf antigens
B) release chemicals that destroy antigens
C) control the action of lymphocytes
D) attack the nervous system, resulting in auto-immune disease

Question 12

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) contains

A) phagocytes
B) macrophages
C) an antibody
D) T cells

Question 13

Helper T cell levels reduce with the course of the human immunodeficiency virus infection. At what helper T cell count is AIDS diagnosed?

A) 500/mm
B) 400/mm
C) 300/mm
D) 200/mm

Question 14

To have a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) you must have which symptoms?

A) Pain, relieved by defaecation; pain associated with a change in the frequency of bowel movements; change in the form of the stool (loose, watery, or pellet-like)
B) Abdominal pain; changes in bowel movements-faeces may vary between solid and watery; periods of mild fever, sometimes with blood in the stools, and pain in the lower right abdomen
C) Loss of appetite; unintentional weight loss; boils and fistulas
D) About four stools daily, with or without blood; mild abdominal pain or cramping

Question 15

Select the answer that correctly fills in the blanks below. Healthy levels of blood pressure are a systolic blood pressure of below _______ and a diastolic blood pressure of below _______.

A) 130-140; 90
B) 120-130; 90.
C) 130-140; 80 .
D) 130-140; 80.

Question 16

The end point of coronary heart disease is a heart attack (myocardial infarction). How is it caused?

A) Blockage (occlusion) of a blood vessel
B) A clot is 'pulled off' of the artery wall and circulates in the blood stream
C) High heart rate
D) Both the first and second

Question 17

A coronary artery bypass involves

A) Fitting stents to increase the diameter of the coronary arteries
B) Widening the coronary arteries by passing a tube through the arteries of the heart
C) Taking blood vessels from the legs or the chest and using to bypass the diseased artery
D) Using drugs known as vaso-dilators to increase the diameter of the arteries of the heart

Question 18

Low-density lipoproteins

A) transport cholesterol to the various tissues and body cells
B) break down cholesterol into its constituent parts
C) transport excess or unused cholesterol from the tissues back to the liver
D) facilitate the laying down of cholesterol on the artery walls

Question 19

What does the lower respiratory tract comprise of?

A) Nose, mouth, larynx and trachea
B) Lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli
C) Lungs, bronchi, trachea, and larynx
D) Nose, mouth, bronchi, and alveoli

Question 20

The rate of breathing is controlled by respiratory centres in the

A) Cortex
B) Brainstem
C) Thalamus
D) Cerebellum