Deck 9: Tech Guide A: The Details of IT Hardware and Software

Question 1

______ is the physical component of information technology (IT).

A) Software
B) Hardware
C) Freeware
D) Shareware
E) Firmware

Answer 1

Hardware

Question 2

When evaluating hardware devices, there are a number of considerations. Which of the following isn't one of them?

A) cost
B) compatibility
C) accuracy
D) process
E) portability

Answer 2

process

Question 3

You want the device to be within your budget and to provide the most value for each dollar you spend) This describes which consideration when evaluating hardware?

A) cost
B) compatibility
C) accuracy
D) portability
E) none of the above

Answer 3

cost

Question 4

Hardware devices work together to form a system. Each device needs to work correctly with the other devices. This describes which consideration when evaluating hardware?

A) cost
B) compatibility
C) accuracy
D) portability
E) none of the above

Question 5

You need your IT devices to work with data and/or information in a specific way. This describes which consideration when evaluating hardware?

A) cost
B) compatibility
C) accuracy
D) portability
E) none of the above

Question 6

You rely on your devices to handle data and instructions without errors. This describes which consideration when evaluating hardware?

A) cost
B) compatibility
C) accuracy
D) portability
E) none of the above

Question 7

You would like to work with your data and instructions as quickly and efficiently as possible. This describes which consideration when evaluating hardware?

A) cost
B) compatibility
C) accuracy
D) portability
E) none of the above

Question 8

Because you may want to work with information as you travel, you need to easily move the devices as well. This describes which consideration when evaluating hardware?

A) cost
B) compatibility
C) accuracy
D) portability
E) none of the above

Question 9

The size, shape, and physical arrangement of IT hardware can affect how and where you use a device) This describes which consideration when evaluating hardware.

A) cost
B) compatibility
C) accuracy
D) portability
E) none of the above

Question 10

A(n) _____ is a very small device made out of semiconductor material that acts as a switch to control electronic signals.

A) communicator
B) XD Chip
C) transistor
D) ALU
E) CPU

Question 11

_____ chips carry out many different processing operations within a computer.

A) XD
B) SD
C) Memory
D) Macroprocessor
E) Microprocessor

Question 12

_____ chips also use transistors to store data within the computer.

A) XD
B) SD
C) Memory
D) Macroprocessor
E) Microprocessor

Question 13

We use _____ mathematics to describe the state of transistors.

A) binary
B) hexadecimal
C) fractal
D) algebraic
E) finite

Question 14

Data that transistors store as a sequence of discrete symbols from a finite set, are referred to as _____ data.

A) analog
B) digital
C) sorted
D) unsorted
E) finite

Question 15

In binary, the basic unit, a _____, corresponds to a power of two, or as they say in mathematics, binary is base 2.

A) bite
B) byt
C) byte
D) bit
E) word

Question 16

Binary codes represent letters and numbers through _____ which permits a specific combination of bits to represent each character.

A) bit encoding
B) byte encoding
C) binary encoding
D) character encoding
E) digital encoding

Question 17

For personal computers, the first encoding system was the Standard:

A) ASCII
B) ICT
C) EBCDIC
D) Unicode
E) BCD

Question 18

To deal with the increased globalization of business and use of PCs, most IT devices now rely on a more recent standard called:

A) ASCII
B) ICT
C) EBCDIC
D) Unicode
E) BCD

Question 19

Hardware devices, such as a computer or PDA, execute instructions as a sequence of binary strings known as _____ instructions.

A) hardware
B) software
C) machine
D) digital
E) analog

Question 20

At the core of all computing operations is the:

A) XD Chip
B) transistor
C) macroprocessor
D) microprocessor
E) X-processor

Question 21

The microprocessor contains the majority of the components that make up the:

A) CPU
B) ALU
C) CDI
D) ICT
E) Bus

Question 22

The CPU is located on the system's _____, the main circuit board in an electronic device.

A) controller
B) motherboard
C) peripheral
D) transistor
E) capacitor

Question 23

The CPU consists of several components. Which of the following isn't one of them?

A) control unit
B) arithmetic logic unit
C) floating point unit
D) code unit
E) prefetch unit

Question 24

Which component of the CPU performs the following four basic functions: fetch, decode, execute, and store?

A) control unit
B) cache memory
C) floating point unit
D) decode unit
E) none of the above

Question 25

Which component of the CPU executes mathematical and logic calculations on non-integer values (values that may have a fractional portion after the decimal point)?

A) control unit
B) cache memory
C) floating point unit
D) decode unit
E) none of the above

Question 26

Which component of the CPU fetches machine language instructions and translates them into binary code that the ALU processes?

A) control unit
B) cache memory
C) floating point unit
D) decode unit
E) none of the above

Question 27

Which component of the CPU provides a staging area for instructions and the data?

A) control unit
B) cache memory
C) floating point unit
D) decode unit
E) none of the above

Question 28

Which component of the CPU provides a small amount of memory that stores incoming instructions in a queue while awaiting execution, thereby reducing CPU waiting time?

A) control unit
B) cache memory
C) floating point unit
D) decode unit
E) none of the above

Question 29

Which component of the CPU has small sections of memory that store data while the microprocessor needs it?

A) register
B) clock
C) bus
D) instruction set
E) none of the above

Question 30

Which component of the CPU a crystal that sits on the motherboard and vibrates regularly?

A) register
B) clock
C) bus
D) instruction set
E) none of the above

Question 31

Which component of the CPU is a set of wires that transports data from one location to another?

A) register
B) clock
C) bus
D) instruction set
E) none of the above

Question 32

Which component of the CPU is a collection of machine language instructions that governs how the processor interprets and executes various tasks that it performs?

A) register
B) clock
C) bus
D) instruction set
E) none of the above

Question 33

The size of a CPU's buses determines its_____, which is the number of bits the CPU can process in a single instruction.

A) speed
B) accuracy
C) bandwidth
D) volume
E) none of the above

Question 34

In a computer, the main bus is the data or _____ bus, which sends and receives data to and from the CPU to other components.

A) internal
B) external
C) system
D) address
E) none of the above

Question 35

The _____ buses control the bandwidth and carry data between the components that reside within the chip, which then connect them to main memory.

A) internal
B) external
C) system
D) address
E) none of the above

Question 36

_____ speed is probably the most common measure of CPU performance.

A) Bandwidth
B) Clock
C) Internet
D) Register
E) Bus

Question 37

In IT devices, the main purpose of the _____ is simply to hold instructions that control the device's start-up processes.

A) ROM
B) RAM
C) Bus
D) operating system
E) DRAM

Question 38

A small set of instructions, known as the _____ activates the hardware components and loads the operating system.

A) RAM
B) BIOS
C) bus
D) application
E) driver

Question 39

RAM can also be found in other components of your computer system, such as the printer and video and sound cards. This type of RAM is often referred to as _____RAM.

A) dynamic
B) static
C) internal
D) peripheral
E) video

Question 40

Two factors affect RAM performance. What is one of them?

A) speed
B) accuracy
C) capacity
D) cost
E) none of the above

Question 41

_____ refers to how precisely the device can pinpoint a location on a screen or the clarity and level of detail of an image rendered.

A) Bandwidth
B) Resolution
C) Accuracy
D) Tracking
E) None of the above

Question 42

_____ refers to how close the screen cursor follows the movement of the device.

A) Bandwidth
B) Resolution
C) Accuracy
D) Tracking
E) None of the above

Question 43

With_____, the CPU only handles a part of one task at a time.

A) tasking
B) multitasking
C) parallel processing
D) perpendicular processing
E) multiple tasking

Question 44

The primary input methods for a computer include the following EXCEPT:

A) printer
B) keyboard
C) mouse
D) scanner
E) joystick

Question 45

_____ uses a special scanning device to read carefully placed pencil marks on specially designed forms, such as those used in standardized tests.

A) OCR
B) OMR
C) MICR
D) MIDI
E) CPD

Question 46

A(n) _____ system uses a special ink that can be read by a special scanner. It is primarily used in the banking industry to print information on cheques for efficient processing.

A) OCR
B) OMR
C) MICR
D) MIDI
E) None of the above

Question 47

Usually implemented as software, _____ converts scanned print documents directly to electronic text.

A) OCR
B) OMR
C) MICR
D) MIDI
E) CPD

Question 48

_____ devices include music keyboards, controllers, and other electronic music devices.

A) OCR
B) OMR
C) MICR
D) MIDI
E) None of the above

Question 49

_____ continue to be, by far, the most common category of output device.

A) Printers
B) Keyboards
C) Memory
D) Display devices
E) Camera

Question 50

_______ are replacing _______ as the display of choice.

A) CRTs; LCDs
B) LCDs; CRTs
C) Plasma to CRT
D) a and b are correct
E) None of the above are correct

Question 51

For LCDs, the rate at which the voltage to each pixel is refreshed is called the refresh rate, measured in:

A) hertz (Hz)
B) megahertz (MHz)
C) gigahertz (GHz)
D) none of the above
E) a and b

Question 52

Which of the following is not one of the four types of touch screen technology in use?

A) passive touch screen panel
B) surface wave technology
C) capacitive touch screen
D) electromagnetic digitizer
E) none of the above

Question 53

A(n) _____ uses a specially coated resistive layer. Touching this layer sends an electrical charge to the controller for processing.

A) resistive touch screen panel
B) surface wave technology
C) capacitive touch screen
D) electromagnetic digitizer
E) none of the above

Question 54

A(n) _____ uses ultrasonic waves that pass over the touch screen panel. Changes in the ultrasonic waves that result from touching the panel are registered and sent for processing.

A) resistive touch screen panel
B) surface wave technology
C) capacitive touch screen
D) electromagnetic digitizer
E) none of the above

Question 55

A(n) _____ is coated with a material that stores electrical charges. Touching this panel draws a small amount of charge to the point of contact.

A) resistive touch screen panel
B) surface wave
C) capacitive touch screen
D) electromagnetic digitizer
E) none of the above

Question 56

Newer tablet PCs use a(n) _____ that accepts input only from a special pen containing an electromagnetic coil.

A) resistive touch screen panel
B) surface wave
C) capacitive touch screen
D) electromagnetic digitizer
E) none of the above

Question 57

A(n) _____ prints very high quality graphics, although at slow speed, by manipulating a pen over a page.

A) printer
B) multifunction machine
C) plotter
D) scanner
E) none of the above

Question 58

The sharpness of text and images on paper is usually measured in:

A) PPM
B) BPS
C) Hz
D) DPI
E) none of the above

Question 59

Printer speed is measured as the page rate in:

A) PPM
B) BPS
C) Hz
D) DPI
E) none of the above

Question 60

Which of the following is an example of a chip-based storage technology?

A) DVD
B) HDD
C) Tape
D) USB flash drives
E) none of the above

Question 61

The _____ handles requests from either application programs or hardware and then determines the processing order of the requests.

A) kernel
B) colonel
C) colony
D) none of the above
E) a and b

Question 62

The _____ is a specific process that allows the application program to make requests to the operating system or another application.

A) API
B) DPI
C) BPS
D) PPM

Question 63

This start-up procedure relies on the use of the ROM chip, which permanently stores the instructions. What is this procedure called?

A) BPS
B) BIOS
C) Boot
D) Book
E) None of the above

Question 64

POST stands for:

A) power-on system-test
B) power-on self-test
C) power-on start-test
D) power-on star-test
E) none of the above

Question 65

With _____, the multiple CPUs in the same computer handle either multiple different jobs or multiple parts of the same job at the same time.

A) tasking
B) multitasking
C) parallel processing
D) perpendicular processing
E) multiple tasking

Question 66

The operating system must know the location of the word processor program files, as well as the location of a variety of utility files, known as _____ files.

A) DLL
B) EXE
C) JPG
D) WIN
E) COM

Question 67

The OS handles this via a table of the various file parts and their locations on the disk, called the:

A) NTFS
B) DLL
C) EXE
D) FAT
E) ASP

Question 68

Virtually all operating systems now use a ____ (tree) structure that divides a long list of files into several shorter lists.

A) vertical
B) horizontal
C) diagonal
D) colonial
E) hierarchical

Question 69

If a sales manager needed to automatically list the items according to item type in a spreadsheet, they would use the _____ tool.

A) filter
B) programming
C) application
D) sort

Question 70

_____software refers to programs for which the authors allow anyone to view the source code the programming instructions-and make changes.

A) Open source
B) Freeware
C) Shareware
D) Share-source
E) Proprietary

Question 71

_____ software requires a purchased licence and typically restricts access to the source code to the company employees.

A) Open source
B) Freeware
C) Shareware
D) Share-source
E) Proprietary