Deck 2: An Emerging Global Civil Society

Question 1

Falun Gong

A) seeks to overthrow the government of China.
B) is a synthesis of eastern religions and folk beliefs.
C) had its origins in Singapore.
D) is considered a dangerous cult by the U.S. government.

Answer 1

is a synthesis of eastern religions and folk beliefs.

Question 2

Globalization

A) began in the middle of the twentieth century.
B) has been hindered by advanced technology.
C) has led to a vast increase in cultural diversity.
D) involves the enormous increase in transnational and worldwide interactions.

Answer 2

involves the enormous increase in transnational and worldwide interactions.

Question 3

Globalization

A) has been spread rapidly by the technological advances of recent decades.
B) decreases international commerce.
C) has been opposed by the United States.
D) hurts global capitalism.

Answer 3

has been spread rapidly by the technological advances of recent decades.

Question 4

The beginnings of globalization can be traced to

A) the early days of the Internet.
B) the industrial revolution.
C) technology that facilitated ocean transportation.
D) the end of the Cold War.

Question 5

Which of the following occurred first?

A) steam engine
B) internal combustion engine
C) electricity
D) use of vacuum tubes

Question 6

Most of the rapid growth of cell phone usage has occurred in recent years in

A) the United States, Mexico, and Canada.
B) China, India, and Russia.
C) United Kingdom, France, and Germany
D) none of the above-usage has actually dropped across the globe in the past four years.

Question 7

This was NOT an aspect of the Middle Ages in Europe

A) widespread and frequent travel by people of all classes.
B) feudalism as mode of production or form of political economy.
C) Christianity as the religion of which most were a part.
D) lack of democratic institutions.

Question 8

In the seventeenth century, thinking about international law particularly gained prominence in

A) France.
B) the United States.
C) Russia.
D) the Netherlands.

Question 9

Hugo Grotius

A) used the 1648 Peace of Westphalia as a blueprint for international law.
B) was an Austrian political theorist.
C) based some of his ideas regarding international law on ancient Roman thought and practices.
D) completely discarded the idea of natural law as a basis for international law.

Question 10

Hugo Grotius was influenced by

A) the Greek tradition of jus gentium.
B) the Roman tradition of jus gentium.
C) the Carthaginian tradition of jus naturale.
D) Greek writings on multilateralism.

Question 11

In their writings, Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye, Jr. do not emphasize the importance of

A) the state.
B) the non-state actor.
C) interdependence.
D) the charismatic leader.

Question 12

The concept of human security was developed by

A) realists
B) the United Nations
C) economic structuralists
D) feminists

Question 13

Multilateralism is

A) an institutional form in which two or more states interact with each other in the making of policy.
B) an institutional form in which three or more states interact with each other in the making of policy.
C) a legal requirement stipulated by the UN Charter that states are required to follow.
D) a strategic interaction game played by military personnel.

Question 14

Norms are most closely associated with

A) average economic growth rates in the developing world.
B) intensity of wars.
C) durations of periods of peace.
D) values.

Question 15

The natural law tradition

A) sees laws in nature as informing the construction of human laws.
B) did not emerge until the nineteenth century.
C) had virtually no influence on the thinking of Thomas Jefferson.
D) hindered the development of international law.

Question 16

Natural law is most closely associated with

A) the writings of Augustine (and later, Aquinas).
B) those in the positive law school of thought.
C) the writings of Thucydides.
D) the Anglo-American approach to the construction of law.

Question 17

This was NOT an important area of focus in the early years of modern international law

A) trade.
B) war.
C) human rights.
D) diplomacy.

Question 18

The most concrete source or basis of international law is

A) customary practice.
B) treaties.
C) general principles.
D) the writings of respected jurists.

Question 19

The concept of sovereignty

A) did not become important until the nineteenth century.
B) was opposed by Hugo Grotius.
C) posits the legal equality of states in relation to their domestic and external authority.
D) does not allow for independence in conducting foreign affairs.

Question 20

Rules governing diplomacy

A) include the extraterritorial idea that an embassy is legally on its own country?s soil.
B) were not generally respected until late in the twentieth century.
C) allow diplomats to be arrested for felonies, but not misdemeanors.
D) have never been formally addressed by treaties.

Question 21

The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907

A) outlawed war as an instrument of policy.
B) were the last treaties to address the conduct of war.
C) provided collective security arrangements for signatories.
D) forbade certain activities during war.

Question 22

Collective security was first employed in international law by the

A) Hague Convention of 1899.
B) Hague Convention of 1907.
C) Covenant of the League of Nations.
D) United Nations Charter.

Question 23

The United Nations Charter

A) includes provisions for both collective security and collective defense.
B) nullified the provisions of the Hague Convention of 1899.
C) is generally considered a setback for international law.
D) only covered matters of war and the use of force for maintaining international security.

Question 24

The earliest efforts in international law to promote commerce focused on

A) the abolition of tariffs.
B) creation of exchange rates.
C) extending most-favored nation status around the globe.
D) unhindered transit on the world?s oceans.

Question 25

The World Trade Organization (WTO)

A) was disbanded and replaced by GATT.
B) is under the control of the World Bank.
C) is under the control of the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
D) has succeeded in reducing some barriers to international trade.

Question 26

Which of the following is closely associated with social constructivism?

A) Thomas Hobbes
B) Alexander Wendt
C) Joseph Nye
D) Kenneth Waltz

Question 27

Which of the following does (do) NOT make loans to countries?

A) the World Trade Organization (WTO
B) the International Monetary Fund (IMF)
C) the World Bank
D) private-sector banks

Question 28

Which of the following came first?

A) UN General Assembly?s Universal Declaration of Human Rights
B) Convention on the Rights of the Child
C) Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women
D) the Act of Helsinki that stemmed from the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe

Question 29

Ozone-layer depletion

A) is no longer a significant problem.
B) is the prime example of the failure of international cooperation.
C) was addressed by the Montreal Protocol.
D) was first recognized in the early nineteenth century.

Question 30

The Kyoto Protocol

A) was designed to warm the colder portions of the Earth, primarily those at higher latitudes.
B) called for immediate, drastic reductions in the production of Carbon Dioxide and other greenhouse gases.
C) was negotiated in the late 1980s before the end of the Cold War.
D) does not require signatories to take immediate, drastic action, but begin a process of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Question 31

The Internet has been an important factor promoting globalization.

Question 32

Globalization has its most distant roots in the French Revolution.

Question 33

Natural law and Christianity were, in essence, diametrically opposed.

Question 34

The development of the nation-state based upon territoriality was an important factor in the development of international law.

Question 35

A norm that has emerged (or been constructed) is when international problems or challenges cannot easily be resolved by states acting alone, they can be addressed effectively through a multilateral approach.

Question 36

International regimes are imposed upon weak states by stronger states.

Question 37

The last half of the twentieth century saw little progress in the creation of international agreements to promote trade.

Question 38

The Holocaust was a prime reason for the development of international law governing human rights.

Question 39

Due to the severity of international environmental crises, states have found it relatively easy to develop strong international laws to protect the environment.

Question 40

What is globalization? What are its roots, defining characteristics, and impact on the world? What changes could it possibly bring about in the future?

Question 41

Do you think the internet is a force for improving global understanding, or encouraging division? Why?

Question 42

Describe how Grotiusʹ focus on international commerce is related to his view of international law. To what extent does international law contribute to order in international relations? To an emerging global civil society?

Question 43

Will globalization likely undermine the sovereignty of states, or strengthen it? Why?

Question 44

What technological advances have been important in promoting globalization? How will present and future technological advances in telecommunications or transportation likely affect the pace and scope of globalization? Why?

Question 45

Describe and assess international lawʹs historical roots, development, accomplishments, strengths and weaknesses, and contribution to the emergence of global civil society and the rule of law.

Question 46

What are the most important sources of international law? What is their relative importance to the construction of legal frameworks in diverse issue areas that define an emerging global civil society?

Question 47

Describe and assess how international law addresses matters of war, peace, and diplomacy in the conduct of international relations.

Question 48

How well have arms control and other international agreements dealt with preventing and limiting war? Use examples to illustrate your answer.

Question 49

Describe and assess how international law has addressed matters of trade, human rights, and the environment. How have these efforts contributed to developing or retarding the construction of global civil society? Why?