Question 1

Mental status exams involve:&#10;A) Assessment of concentration, memory, and judgment&#10;B) Substance use and family history&#10;C) Orientation and perception&#10;D) (a) and (c)

Accepted Answer

Mental status exams assess cognitive functions such as concentration, memory, judgment, orientation, and perception, which are covered in options A and C.

Question 2

When making inferences about an individual's behavior helping professionals need to be aware of:&#10;A) Confirmatory biases&#10;B) Heuristics&#10;C) (a) and (b)&#10;D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

Confirmatory biases and heuristics are cognitive shortcuts and biases that can influence our judgments and decisions, including those about an individual's behavior. Being aware of these can help professionals avoid errors in inference.

Question 3

Counselors typically make informal observation about which of the following aspects of a client's presentation during a counseling session?&#10;A) Emotional lability&#10;B) Immediate recall&#10;C) Working memory&#10;D) Vocabulary knowledge

Accepted Answer

Counselors often make informal observations about a client's emotional lability during sessions, as it directly impacts the client's current emotional state and can influence the therapeutic process.

Question 4

Which of the following observations procedures in an example of a formal assessment method?&#10;A) Counselor description of client affect&#10;B) Counselor description of client mood&#10;C) Direct observation form&#10;D) The couple observation form revised

Accepted Answer

Formal assessment methods are structured and standardized, such as the Direct Observation Form, which is a systematic tool used to record and assess behavior.

Question 5

A counselor will typically make observations about an individual's affect. Which of the following dimensions of affect do counselors typically observe?&#10;A) Self-report of mood&#10;B) Range of emotional expression&#10;C) Quality of feeling words used&#10;D) Amount of feeling words used

Accepted Answer

Counselors typically observe the range of emotional expression as it provides insight into the variability and appropriateness of an individual's affective responses.

Question 6

Affect is the term use to describe:&#10;A) The impact the counselor has on the client&#10;B) A client's report of how she or he is feeling&#10;C) Counselor's observation of a person's emotional states&#10;D) Blunt monotone speech

Accepted Answer

Affect refers to the counselor's observation of a person's emotional states, including their expressions and demeanor.

Question 7

A counselor noted in his evaluation that his client seemed &#34;pre-occupied.&#34; The counselor was making a(n) _________ about his client:&#10;A) Observation&#10;B) Formal assessment&#10;C) Diagnosis&#10;D) Inference

Accepted Answer

The counselor is making an inference because he is interpreting the client's behavior or state of mind beyond what is directly observable. Observations are direct and objective, formal assessments involve structured tools or tests, and diagnoses are conclusions about disorders or conditions, typically requiring more comprehensive evaluation.

Question 8

The availability heuristic is a type of human bias that involves&#10;A) Implicitly favoring those who are most similar in ethnic background&#10;B) Judging how frequently an event occurs using personal data&#10;C) Judging how available and engaged the client appears&#10;D) Selectively recalling the first part of an interview

Accepted Answer

The availability heuristic is a cognitive bias that involves estimating the likelihood of events based on how easily examples come to mind. This often involves using personal experiences or highly memorable events as a basis for judgment, rather than all relevant data.

Question 9

A counselor's ability to accurately recall what was said and done during an assessment interview can be impacted by which of the following?&#10;A) Counselor's emotional state during the interview&#10;B) Counselor's use of the representative heuristic&#10;C) The anchoring and recency effect&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed can impact a counselor's ability to accurately recall information from an assessment interview. A) The counselor's emotional state can affect memory and perception. B) The use of the representative heuristic, a cognitive bias where an individual categorizes a situation based on patterns of previous experiences, can influence recall by filtering memories through these biases. C) The anchoring and recency effects, which are cognitive biases that respectively refer to the human tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information offered (the "anchor") when making decisions and to better remember the most recently presented information, can also affect how memories of the interview are recalled and prioritized.

Question 10

Delusions differ from obsessions in that:&#10;A) Obsessions involve feelings and delusions focus on thoughts&#10;B) Delusions are more rigid&#10;C) Obsessions involve images that violate cultural norms&#10;D) Delusions are more idiosyncratic beliefs and perceptions

Accepted Answer

The answer of Delusions differ from obsessions in that:&#10;A) Obsessions...

Question 11

The formal dimensions of a mental status evaluation include all of the following except:&#10;A) A person's understanding of proverbs&#10;B) A person's immediate and short-term recall&#10;C) A person's attire and hygiene&#10;D) A person's orientation to time and place

Accepted Answer

The answer of The formal dimensions of a mental status...

Question 12

Prosody refers to:&#10;A) Tangential disconnected thoughts&#10;B) Speech rate, rhythm, and volume&#10;C) Poetic overly dramatic speech&#10;D) A type of delusional thinking

Accepted Answer

The answer of Prosody refers to:&#10;A) Tangential disconnected thoughts&#10;B) Speech...

Question 13

Counselors use formal observation systems for the purpose of:&#10;A) Complying with insurance and government regulations&#10;B) Screening for diagnosis or defining a problem behavior&#10;C) Complying with professional codes of ethics&#10;D) Measuring a person's affect and speech

Accepted Answer

The answer of Counselors use formal observation systems for the...

Question 14

A functional behavior assessment consists of which of the following components?&#10;A) Behavior antecedents&#10;B) Maintaining consequences&#10;C) Hypothesis statement&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of A functional behavior assessment consists of which...

Question 15

Which of the following tests is not an example of a standardized mental status exam?&#10;A) Mini-Mental State Examination&#10;B) Optimal Cognitive Functioning Test (OCFT)&#10;C) Modified Mini-Mental State Examinations (3MS)&#10;D) Cognitive Capacity Screening Examination

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following tests is not...

Question 16

What are two aspects of a client's thinking or thought process that you could observe or inquire about in an assessment interview that would help to make a diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are two aspects of a client's...

Question 17

What is the difference between an informal and formal mental status evaluation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the difference between an informal...

Question 18

Which aspects of an individual's speech are signs or indicators of a psychiatric disorder?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which aspects of an individual's speech are...

Question 19

What is the difference between an inference and an observation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the difference between an inference...

Question 20

What are the various dimensions of emotional expression that a counselor could observe in an individual?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the various dimensions of emotional...

Deck 5: Observations, Inferences, and Behavioral Assessment