Deck 7: Anxiety, Anger, and Depression

Question 1

Meta-analytic studies report that exposure therapy is the most effective treatment for ____ when combined "with relaxation training and/or breathing retraining techniques."

A) panic disorder
B) GAD
C) phobias
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder

Answer 1

A

Question 2

According to ____, if anger is not expressed, it builds like steam in a locomotive's steam engine until it explodes.

A) hydraulic model
B) catharsis theory
C) diathesis-stress model
D) positive mental health models

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Persons with ____ are fearful of being in a public place or outside the home to the extent that it might be difficult for them to leave without embarrassment or to get help should they have a panic attack.

A) nyctophobia
B) astrophobia
C) social phobia
D) agoraphobia

Answer 3

D

Question 4

____ involves mentally recycling concerns-it is the process of repeating our thoughts associated with anxiety.

A) Anger
B) Fear
C) Worry
D) Rage

Question 5

Meta-analytic studies report that exposure therapy is the most effective treatment for ____ when combined with response prevention.

A) panic disorder
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder
C) GAD
D) phobias

Question 6

____ is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces neuronal excitation.

A) Dopamine
B) Endorphin
C) Norepinephrine
D) GABA

Question 7

____ therapy may well be positioned to become the next wave, the "third wave," behind cognitive therapy (the second wave), and behavior therapy (the first wave)in the treatment of anxiety disorders.

A) Mindfulness-based
B) Interpersonal
C) Exposure
D) Cognitive behavioral

Question 8

People with ____ may experience symptoms such as fatigue, muscle tension, restlessness, irritability, sleep disturbances, or difficulty concentrating. Depression may also be present.

A) GAD
B) panic disorder
C) PTSD
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 9

Chronically angry people often lean excessively on the defense mechanism of ____ and will critically find flaws and weaknesses in others that are really just outward manifestations of disowned elements of their own personality.

A) projective identification
B) acting out
C) projection
D) somatization

Question 10

People with a high level of interoceptive sensitivity, especially if they are acutely aware of heartbeat activity, are more likely to experience ____.

A) anxiety and anxiety disorders
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder
C) panic disorder
D) phobias

Question 11

____ resets baseline arousal to its normal level so that it takes a lot more stimulation to reach the physiological red zone.

A) Engaging in aerobic exercise
B) Focusing attention outwards
C) Accepting anxiety as natural
D) Reducing stimulants

Question 12

Meta-analytic studies report that exposure therapy is the most effective treatment for ____, with in vivo exposure being more effective than imaginal exposure or virtual reality exposure.

A) obsessive-compulsive disorder
B) PTSD
C) specific phobias
D) GAD

Question 13

A person diagnosed with ____ has an unreasonable or excessive fear of a particular object, situation, or activity.

A) GAD
B) phobia
C) panic disorder
D) PTSD

Question 14

____ has a high frequency of comorbidity (i.e., co-occurrence)with other anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, and alcohol use disorders-calling some to question whether it is really a distinct syndrome.

A) PTSD
B) Panic disorder
C) Obsessive-compulsive disorder
D) Social phobia

Question 15

____ boost(s)serotonin levels in the brain which then often results in lowered anxiety and depression levels.

A) Norepinephrine
B) GABA
C) SSRIs
D) Dopamine

Question 16

____ is characterized by repeated and unexpected panic attacks along with worry and concern about reoccurrence of attacks.

A) Obsessive-compulsive disorder
B) Panic disorder
C) PTSD
D) GAD

Question 17

____ such as "If I do not perform as well as others, it means that I am an inferior human being" or "My value as a person depends greatly on what others think of me" are well-springs for automatic negative thoughts.

A) Negative cognitive thoughts
B) Maladaptive attitudes
C) Maladaptive cognitive thoughts
D) Errors of thinking

Question 18

The ____ refer(s)to a tendency among depressed people to view in a negative light (1)the self (e.g., "I am worthless"), (2)the world ("This situation is impossible"), and (3)the future ("I'll never be successful").

A) maladaptive attitudes
B) errors of thinking
C) automatic negative thoughts
D) negative cognitive triad

Question 19

____ are occasionally used to reduce organ system responses to anxiety. For those with a high level of interoceptive sensitivity, this class of medications may bring relief in certain situations.

A) SSRIs
B) Beta blockers
C) Anxiolytics
D) Benzodiazepines

Question 20

____ is a reaction to traumatic stressors (death-or injury-related stressors that evoke helplessness, extreme fear, or horror)that results in reexperiencing the traumatic event, avoiding stimuli correlated with the event, experiencing general response numbing, and having persistent increased arousal.

A) PTSD
B) GAD
C) Obsessive-compulsive disorder
D) Panic disorder

Question 21

Define errors of thinking.

Question 22

Define ruminative thinking.

Question 23

How does engaging in aerobic exercise work as a strategy for dealing with depression?

Question 24

What is passive-aggressive behavior? Provide an example.

Question 25

List at least four types of thinking errors.

Question 26

GAD is more commonly diagnosed in women than men. What is the most prominent cause for this gender difference?

Question 27

Is there a gender difference in the diagnosis of panic disorder? What is the age of onset?

Question 28

Describe the medical student syndrome.

Question 29

For obsessive-compulsive disorder, response prevention is added to the exposure therapy. Describe response prevention.

Question 30

What is interpersonal psychotherapy? How many sessions does this therapy entail? What is the primary focus of the treatment?

Question 31

Describe cognitive behavioral therapy.

Question 32

Deep abdominal breathing is the preferred method for anxiety reduction. Describe this technique of breathing.

Question 33

What is righteous anger?

Question 34

Is there a gender difference in the diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder? At what age range is it likely to begin for females? For males?

Question 35

Describe the experience of a first panic attack. How common is it to mistake the first panic attack with a heart attack?

Question 36

Describe interoceptive sensitivity

Question 37

What are the benefits of anger?

Question 38

What is the first step for someone with debilitating chronic anxiety? The next recommended step?

Question 39

The first line of drug treatment today for most forms of anxiety disorders is the SSRIs. Why?

Question 40

A person diagnosed with an obsessive-compulsive disorder has recurrent obsessions or compulsions. What do obsessions refer to? Compulsions? Provide examples of common obsessions and compulsions.

Question 41

What are specific phobias? Provide examples. Are there gender differences in the diagnosis of specific phobias? How common are specific phobias?

Question 42

Describe existential anxiety. Provide examples. What events may trigger existential anxiety?

Question 43

Describe a person with a major depressive disorder.

Question 44

Discuss the four phases of Beck's cognitive-behavioral approach to treating depression.

Question 45

Differentiate anxiety from fear.

Question 46

Describe intermittent explosive disorder (IED). What health conditions are people diagnosed with IED at a greater risk of developing?

Question 47

What reasons account for the ineffectiveness of the catharsis strategy?

Question 48

What are the vulnerability factors for depression?

Question 49

What is the most effective behavioral approach in treating anxiety disorders? Describe this type of therapy.

Question 50

Describe the positive psychology approach that Maddux suggests should replace the illness ideology approach (e.g., the DSM).