Deck 21: Ethnographic Research

Question 1

Definitions of "culture may include:

A) observable behavior patterns
B) ideas and beliefs
C) knowledge
D) all of the above

Answer 1

all of the above

Question 2

The best synonym for "holistic perspective is:

A) precision
B) truthfulness
C) completeness
D) subjectivity

Answer 2

completeness

Question 3

"EMIC is to "ETIC as:

A) art is to science
B) insider is to outsider
C) perception is to reality
D) autobiography is to biography

Answer 3

insider is to outsider

Question 4

"Member checking means:

A) having participants review interpretations
B) comparing perceptions of participants
C) comparing records of different observers
D) verifying representativeness of the sample

Question 5

"Thick description means:

A) using many different sources of information
B) thorough description of procedures
C) providing much detail on raw data
D) extensive description of participants

Question 6

The most difficult thing for an ethnographer is:

A) gaining access to participants
B) collecting extensive amounts of data
C) finding coherence in data
D) avoiding imposing her own cultural values

Question 7

Use of statistics in ethnography is limited primarily by:

A) violation of assumptions of techniques
B) dislike by ethnographers
C) difficulty of computations
D) ethical considerations

Question 8

Researchers using ethnographic research most frequently use which methods of data collection?

A) Questionnaires and interviews
B) Testing and observation
C) Observation and interviews
D) Observation and unobtrusive measures

Question 9

Which question is most specifically appropriate for an ethnographic study?

A) What are the causes of school dropout?
B) What are the effects of computer-assisted instruction?
C) What are the important factors affecting school morale?
D) How does self-esteem affect school success?

Question 10

Which of the following would not be appropriate to use in an ethnographic study?

A) Videotapes
B) Projective techniques
C) Student products
D) All are appropriate

Question 11

The primary advantage of ethnographic research is the:

A) comprehensiveness of perspective
B) precision of observation
C) generalizability of results
D) efficiency of data collection

Question 12

The primary limitation of ethnographic research is:

A) limited instrumentation
B) researcher bias
C) biased sampling of respondents
D) lack of hypotheses

Question 13

The issue of validity of instrumentation in ethnographic research is:

A) irrelevant
B) basically the same as in other methods
C) solved by triangulation
D) less important than in other methods

Question 14

Which of the following statements would be likely to appear in a researcher's field notes?

A) Mrs. Jones told James to go to the office.
B) Mrs. Jones punished James.
C) Mrs. Jones made me feel irritable.
D) Mrs. Jones should be asked why she sent James to the office.

Question 15

Which of the examples in question 14 would be found in a researcher's "field jottings"?

A) Mrs. Jones told James to go to the office.
B) Mrs. Jones punished James.
C) Mrs. Jones made me feel irritable.
D) Mrs. Jones should be asked why she sent James to the office.

Question 16

Which of the examples in question 14 would be found in a researcher's field diary?

A) Mrs. Jones told James to go to the office.
B) Mrs. Jones punished James.
C) Mrs. Jones made me feel irritable.
D) Mrs. Jones should be asked why she sent James to the office.

Question 17

Which is not a typical type of purpose in ethnographic research?

A) Exploration
B) Description
C) Explanation
D) Comparison

Question 18

Which ethnical issue is more difficult in ethnography than in other types of research?

A) Whether to make information public.
B) How to provide confidentiality of data.
C) How to prevent "faking" data.
D) Whether to divulge the purpose of the study.

Question 19

Generalization of ethnographic findings is primarily a matter of:

A) sample size
B) judgment
C) study design
D) what studied

Question 20

The best method for controlling observer bias in ethnographic studies is:

A) careful definition of behaviors
B) being aware of the problem
C) familiarity with the site and subjects
D) a second observer

Question 21

Matching

-Nonjudgmental orientation

A) Expanded perspective
B) Objective analysis
C) Very difficult to achieve
D) A most important concept in ethnographic research

Question 22

Matching

-Contextualization

A) Expanded perspective
B) Objective analysis
C) Very difficult to achieve
D) A most important concept in ethnographic research

Question 23

Matching

-Culture

A) Expanded perspective
B) Objective analysis
C) Very difficult to achieve
D) A most important concept in ethnographic research

Question 24

Matching

-Etic perspective

A) Expanded perspective
B) Objective analysis
C) Very difficult to achieve
D) A most important concept in ethnographic research

Question 25

Field jottings are brief reminders to the observer.

Question 26

Overt participant observation is a key ingredient in ethnographic research.

Question 27

A field log is a record of the observer's reactions.

Question 28

One of the key strengths of ethnographic research is the comprehensiveness of the perspective it provides.

Question 29

Many ethnographers state at the outset of a study that they have no intention of generalizing the results of their study.

Question 30

"Crystallization refers to a sudden insight.