Deck 9: Cancers

Question 1

One in four deaths in the United States can be attributed to cancer.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Proactive efforts to reduce the risk of cancer include a healthy diet and regular screenings.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Cancer is the growth and spread of normal cells.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

A tumor can contain normal cells.

Question 5

A benign tumor is a growth of abnormal cells.

Question 6

The Human Genome Project has determined that a person who carries a marker for a certain type of cancer will inevitably develop that cancer.

Question 7

Chemicals in the environment that can cause cancer are called carcinogens.

Question 8

Exposure to ultraviolet light from the sun is related to the development of skin cancer.

Question 9

A woman with herpes 2 infection should not receive a Pap smear.

Question 10

Cancer diagnosis examines cells to determine if they are normal or malignant.

Question 11

A man who has prostate cancer might have high levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in his blood.

Question 12

Malignant cells are noncancerous.

Question 13

A biopsy is the removal and examination of a segment of abnormal tissue.

Question 14

Staging is used to determine the invasiveness of a cancer.

Question 15

Breast cancer affects both men and women.

Question 16

Lumpectomy is the removal of the breast with cancer.

Question 17

Mastectomy is the removal of the breast with cancer.

Question 18

Lung cancer has a lower survival rate than other cancers.

Question 19

The main risk factor for cervical cancer is the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Question 20

The risk factors for testicular cancer are clearly understood.

Question 21

Acute leukemia affects adults more than children.

Question 22

Squamous cell carcinomas are flat and raised and have red shiny areas.

Question 23

Malignant melanoma appears as growing lumps with a rough surface or as flat, red patches that grow slowly.

Question 24

Exposure to tanning beds before age 35 decreases melanoma risk.

Question 25

UV-A exposure can reduce the risk of melanoma.

Question 26

Chemotherapy can suppress the immune system and leave a person open to infection.

Question 27

Laetrile has been shown by modern studies to be an effective treatment for cancer.

Question 28

Pain should be considered an early warning sign of cancer.

Question 29

CAUTION is an acronym created by the American Medical Association to make cancer symptoms easy to remember.

Question 30

How many new cases of cancer are diagnosed annually in the United States?

A) 15,966
B) 115,966
C) 150,966
D) 1,735,350

Question 31

All of these factors have contributed to more people surviving cancer EXCEPT _____.

A) more number of hospitals being built
B) education
C) early detection methods
D) sophisticated treatments

Question 32

Which of the following represents the correct sequence in which the body structure is made up?

A) Cells ? Tissues ? Systems ? Organs ? Body
B) Tissues ? Organs ? Systems ? Cells ? Body
C) Cells ? Tissues ? Organs ? Systems ? Body
D) Cells ? Organs ? Tissues ? Systems ? Body

Question 33

An abnormal cell that is not cancerous is referred to as _____.

A) mutation
B) dysplasia
C) an oncogene
D) metastasis

Question 34

Which of the following is the process by which cancer spreads from the point of origin to another point in the body?

A) Neurogenesis
B) Dysplasia
C) Metastasis
D) Mutation

Question 35

A tumor is a stacking of abnormal cancerous _____.

A) cells
B) tissues
C) organs
D) neurons

Question 36

Possession of a _____ sequence linked with cancer makes specific cells more likely to grow abnormally.

A) gene
B) tissue
C) metastasis
D) mutation

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT a carcinogen?

A) Asbestos
B) Sulfur dioxide
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Radon

Question 38

Which of the following is a chemical found in pesticides that has been linked to liver, lung, and skin cancer?

A) Arsenic
B) Asbestos
C) Benzene
D) Chromium

Question 39

Petroleum workers are often exposed to _____, which is linked to leukemia.

A) resin
B) silicate
C) borax
D) benzene

Question 40

Radon is an underground _____.

A) gas
B) fluid
C) metal
D) alloy

Question 41

Which of the following viruses has been linked to lymphoma?

A) Herpes virus 2
B) The human immunodeficiency virus
C) The human papillomavirus
D) Epstein-Barr virus

Question 42

The higher the consumption of red meat, the greater the risk of _____ cancer.

A) throat
B) colon
C) skin
D) liver

Question 43

Which of the following is NOT a technology used to test for cancer?

A) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
B) X-ray
C) Mantoux
D) Computerized tomography (CT) scan

Question 44

Which of the following is NOT one of the three types of cancer staging?

A) Tumors
B) Malignancies
C) Nodes
D) Metastasis

Question 45

Which staging notation indicates that a tumor cannot be found or measured?

A) TX
B) T0
C) T1
D) T4

Question 46

In cancer staging, which notation is used when there is no evidence of a primary tumor?

A) T1
B) TX
C) T0
D) T4

Question 47

Which of the following is used to describe the largest and most invasive tumors?

A) T0
B) TX
C) T4
D) T1

Question 48

Which notation is used when lymph nodes near a tumor cannot be measured?

A) N0
B) NX
C) N1
D) N3

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT used to describe the size, number, and location of lymph nodes involved in cancer?

A) N3
B) N1
C) N2
D) N0

Question 50

_____ means metastasis cannot be measured or found.

A) M0
B) M1
C) MX
D) M2

Question 51

Which notation means there are no known distant metastases?

A) M0
B) M1
C) MX
D) M2

Question 52

Which notation means metastases are present?

A) M0
B) M1
C) MX
D) M2

Question 53

Which of the following is the most common form of cancer diagnosed in women?

A) Lung cancer
B) Ovary cancer
C) Breast cancer
D) Malignant melanoma

Question 54

Which of the following is the most common symptom of breast cancer?

A) Formation of a lump in the breast
B) Swelling of the breast
C) Tenderness
D) Frequent headaches

Question 55

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for development of breast cancer?

A) Family history
B) Having a first child after age 30
C) Obesity after menopause
D) Relatively large breasts

Question 56

Which lump-identifying method does NOT require a professional?

A) Biopsy
B) Mammography
C) Breast self-examination
D) Computerized tomography (CT) scan

Question 57

Which of the following cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed form of cancer among both men and women?

A) Lung cancer
B) Breast cancer
C) Colon cancer
D) Malignant melanoma

Question 58

Which type of cancer is the leading cause of death among men and women?

A) Lung cancer
B) Breast cancer
C) Colon cancer
D) Liver cancer

Question 59

Which of the following is the most important risk factor for lung cancer?

A) Cigarette smoking
B) Secondhand cigarette smoke
C) Exposure to sun
D) Exposure to carcinogenic environmental chemicals

Question 60

Lung cancer detection methods include all of the following EXCEPT:

A) analysis of the cells in the sputum.
B) laser removal of lung tumors.
C) chest X-rays.
D) fiber-optic examination of the bronchial passages.

Question 61

_____ is the third most common cancer, in both incidence and mortality, for both men and women.

A) Lung cancer
B) Skin cancer
C) Colon cancer
D) Stomach cancer

Question 62

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of colon cancer?

A) An enlarged abdomen
B) Rectal bleeding
C) Blood in the stool
D) A change in bowel habits

Question 63

Which of the following is a test for colon cancer detection?

A) Mammography
B) Colonoscopy
C) Magnetoencephalography
D) Measuring the abdomen

Question 64

Many experts say that, like women's risk of breast cancer, if men live long enough, they will eventually develop _____.

A) liver cancer
B) lung cancer
C) prostate cancer
D) kidney cancer

Question 65

Prostate cancer symptoms include all of the following EXCEPT:

A) interrupted urine flow.
B) inability to urinate.
C) pain in the lower back.
D) change in bowel habits.

Question 66

Which population has the highest prostate cancer rates in the United States?

A) Caucasian men
B) Asian American men
C) Latino men
D) African American men

Question 67

Which of the following is the main risk factor for cervical cancer?

A) Multiple sexual partners
B) Sexual intercourse at an early age
C) Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection
D) Early menarche

Question 68

Men, especially between the ages of _____, should practice testicular self-examination (TSE) once a month.

A) 20 and 40
B) 30 and 50
C) 40 and 60
D) 50 and 70

Question 69

Most skin cancers are curable if:

A) the person is under 60 years of age.
B) they are caused by a burn.
C) the person is dark-skinned.
D) detected early.

Question 70

_____ cancer is called a young man's cancer because the majority of the almost 9,560 diagnosed cases each year occur in men 20-40 years of age.

A) Lung
B) Prostate
C) Testicular
D) Esophagus

Question 71

Which of the following is a true statement about leukemia?

A) Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma are three major types of leukemia.
B) Leukemia is called a young man's cancer because the majority of the almost 9,560 diagnosed cases each year occur in men 20-40 years of age.
C) Many experts say that, like women's risk of breast cancer, if men live long enough, they will eventually develop leukemia.
D) When blood cells mutate and become cancerous, leukemia can result.

Question 72

Which of the following is NOT part of the early detection method for malignant melanoma?

A) Asymmetrical
B) Diameter
C) Proximity
D) Borders

Question 73

The chief risk factor for malignant melanoma is _____.

A) exposure to radon
B) exposure to the sun
C) exposure to mercury
D) exposure to cold

Question 74

Early detection for malignant melanoma uses the _____ screening.

A) A, B, C, D, and E
B) A, B, R, and D
C) M, O, L, and E
D) S, K, I, N, and S

Question 75

Which of the following is a major form of UV rays?

A) UV-T
B) UV-O
C) UV-G
D) UV-B

Question 76

Identify an accurate statement about chemotherapy.

A) Chemotherapy simply means the use of a variety of anticancer drugs.
B) Chemotherapy is the last component of cancer treatment.
C) Chemotherapy is generally known to be soft on the body.
D) Chemotherapy emphasizes killing new cancer cells after the cancer reoccurs.

Question 77

List the three types of tumors, and describe where they occur.

Question 78

Describe cysts and tumors. What makes them different from each other?

Question 79

What is cancer staging? List the three types.

Question 80

Describe the risk factors and symptoms of the following cancers: lung, breast, prostate.