Deck 6: Manage Stress

Question 1

The origin of the word "stress" can be traced to psychology.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Stressors disrupt a person's natural state of balance, or homeostasis.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

An example of a high-stress job is one in which an individual has large responsibility and great control over matters.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The fight-or-flight response is a logical means of dealing with long-term emotional stress.

Question 5

Positive changes, such as getting married or having a child, can be great stress relievers.

Question 6

Recognizing our responses to major life-changing events requires higher levels of awareness than does recognizing our responses to daily stressors.

Question 7

In the 21 ^st century, the stressors we face are more psychosocial than physical and more chronic than acute.

Question 8

Persistent stress is not physically harmful.

Question 9

The take-home message of the status syndrome is that individual control and opportunities for social engagement are critical for lessening the risk of stress-related disorders and maximizing well-being and longevity.

Question 10

Affluent individuals face more stress-related illnesses than disadvantaged ones.

Question 11

The tend-and-befriend stress response is a universal female phenomenon.

Question 12

For increasing numbers of students today, the college years are carefree, joyful times.

Question 13

College years can be full of anxiety and stress, in part due to financial worries related to college costs and student loans.

Question 14

How we see our personal level of control over the world can have a major effect on our response to stress.

Question 15

People with an internal control orientation believe that outcomes are determined by events or forces that are outside their personal control.

Question 16

Stress management focuses on techniques to help one deal with challenges that are surmountable.

Question 17

Stress is part of life, and to a great degree one has the ability to control stressors and one's responses to them.

Question 18

The word "stress" is typically used to describe depleted energy and a decline in function, but the correct term for such negative stress is actually _____.

A) distress
B) tension
C) anxiety
D) eustress

Question 19

Stress refers to a person's collective _____ responses that occur when his or her natural balance is disrupted.

A) physiological
B) psychological
C) psychobiological
D) sociological

Question 20

Something that disrupts a person's homeostasis is known as _____.

A) a stressor
B) stress
C) eustress
D) distress

Question 21

Negative stress, or _____, is created by stressors that deplete energy and result in impaired performance.

A) distress
B) tension
C) anxiety
D) eustress

Question 22

Positive stress, or _____, is created by stressors that motivate and result in improved performance.

A) distress
B) relief
C) angst
D) eustress

Question 23

Which of the following types of stress is brief but intense?

A) Severe stress
B) Acute stress
C) Chronic stress
D) Episodic stress

Question 24

Which of the following types of stress is regular or predictable but intermittent?

A) Severe stress
B) Acute stress
C) Chronic stress
D) Episodic stress

Question 25

A form of stress that is prolonged and continuous is referred to as _____ stress.

A) severe
B) acute
C) chronic
D) episodic

Question 26

Having final exams and class projects at the end of every semester is an example of _____ stress.

A) severe
B) acute
C) chronic
D) episodic

Question 27

The body's attempts to reestablish homeostasis when confronting a stressor are referred to as:

A) the stress syndrome.
B) stress relief.
C) the stress adaptation.
D) the stress response.

Question 28

What are the three stages of the "general adaptation syndrome"?

A) Stressor, homeostasis, and relief
B) Fight, flight, and relax
C) Alarm, reaction, and explanation
D) Alarm, resistance, and exhaustion

Question 29

The fight-or-flight response is the acute stress response in which the _____ nervous system triggers a set of physiological changes that ready the body for action.

A) autonomic
B) peripheral
C) central
D) somatic

Question 30

Which of the following refers to chemical messengers known as stress hormones?

A) Adrenaline and cholesterol
B) Serotonin and insulin
C) Progesterone and glucose
D) Epinephrine and cortisol

Question 31

During the _____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome, the body's physiological processes attempt to adapt to the stressor and regain homeostasis.

A) fight-or-flight
B) resistance
C) exhaustion
D) alarm

Question 32

Humans experience a wider variety of mental and psychosocial stressors than animals because of their:

A) lower-level cognitive abilities.
B) higher-level cognitive abilities.
C) higher-level kinesthetic awareness.
D) lower-level kinesthetic awareness.

Question 33

Stressful experiences seen as person-environment interactions are known as the:

A) transactional model of stress and coping.
B) reactional model of stress.
C) transitional model of stress and coping.
D) stress response.

Question 34

The main sources of negative stress for Americans are associated with changes in:

A) personal relationships and work life.
B) personal resources and occupation.
C) personal satisfaction and self-concept.
D) self-concept and personal resources.

Question 35

Which of the following tools is used to quantify the amount of stress a person has, and the related increase in risk of stress-related illness?

A) Social Readjustment Rating Scale
B) Transactional Model of Stress
C) Yerkes-Dodson Scale
D) Transactional Behavior Analysis

Question 36

Collectively referred to as _____, negative environmental stressors that are encountered by city dwellers are often beyond individual control.

A) acute stress
B) urban press
C) social press
D) chronic stress

Question 37

Recognizing our _____ major life-changing events is not always easy.

A) attitudes toward
B) acceptance of
C) responses to
D) threshold for

Question 38

Which of the following is the most stressful event according to Holmes and Rahe's rating scale?

A) Death of a spouse
B) Divorce
C) Birth of a child
D) Pregnancy

Question 39

The need for _____ is as fundamental to life as the need for food and water.

A) identity
B) sleep
C) independence
D) security

Question 40

The interruption of breathing during sleep is known as _____.

A) sleep deprivation
B) sleep apnea
C) narcolepsy
D) restlessness

Question 41

Which of the following refers to daytime attacks of sleep?

A) Sleep apnea
B) Narcolepsy
C) Insomnia
D) Dysthymia

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT one of the most common health-related problems associated with chronic stress?

A) Heart disease
B) Osteoporosis
C) Depression
D) Obesity

Question 43

Stress can _____ the aging process.

A) slow
B) reverse
C) stop
D) accelerate

Question 44

The type A personality has been identified as a psychological risk factor for:

A) respiratory malfunction.
B) heart disease.
C) obesity.
D) skin conditions.

Question 45

Which of the following behavior types is competitive, aggressive, and time-driven?

A) Type A
B) Type B
C) Type C
D) Type D

Question 46

An individual with a _____ personality is methodical, moves at a slower pace, and is generally easygoing.

A) type A
B) type B
C) type C
D) type D

Question 47

Which of the following has three aspects: anger, aggression, and cynicism?

A) Hostility
B) Violence
C) Impatience
D) Skepticism

Question 48

Which of the following traits of type A behavior is the primary culprit behind the continual activation of the stress pathways that lead to disease?

A) Hostility
B) Competitiveness
C) Time-urgency
D) Over-confidence

Question 49

The role of chronic stress in the current _____ epidemic is one example of connections between chronic stress and seemingly unrelated conditions.

A) influenza
B) obesity
C) sexually transmitted disease (STD)
D) acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Question 50

According to the status syndrome theory, individual autonomy and opportunities for _____ are vital for experiencing fewer stress-related disorders and maximizing well-being.

A) higher education
B) financial stability
C) social engagement
D) religious beliefs

Question 51

_____ refers to consuming large quantities of food-usually "comfort" or junk foods-in response to negative feelings instead of hunger.

A) Status syndrome
B) Type A syndrome
C) Emotional eating
D) Binge eating

Question 52

Women tend to display an alternative stress response known as the _____ response.

A) fight-or-flight
B) sex-specific
C) tend-and-befriend
D) mind-body

Question 53

Which of the following is NOT one of the three key aspects to successful stress management?

A) Using time management to reach your goals
B) Avoiding eustress and cultivating distress
C) Identifying healthy coping strategies
D) Understanding how you perceive and respond to events

Question 54

Even for the best prepared, the transition to college life requires:

A) adjustment and flexibility.
B) structure and permanence.
C) persistence and rigidity.
D) selective forgetfulness.

Question 55

The planned efficient use of one's time is called _____.

A) time management
B) micromanagement
C) time orientation
D) procrastination

Question 56

Which of the following is NOT a step in effective time management?

A) Repeating activities
B) Performing a time audit
C) Prioritizing activities
D) Developing an action plan

Question 57

You should organize your activities into four distinct categories, with activities of highest priority in category:

A) urgent but not important.
B) not urgent but important.
C) urgent and important.
D) not urgent or important.

Question 58

Few of us learn time management as part of our formal education, yet it is fundamental to being productive and preventing _____ stressors.

A) negative
B) episodic
C) positive
D) constant

Question 59

The psychological concept that describes people's beliefs about the underlying causes of events in their lives is known as_____.

A) a defense mechanism
B) self-preservation
C) locus of control
D) self-control

Question 60

Individuals with _____ control orientation believe that their own actions control the outcome of a situation.

A) internal
B) external
C) superficial
D) environmental

Question 61

Individuals with _____ control orientation believe that the outcome of a situation is based on events that are outside their personal control.

A) internal
B) external
C) individual
D) superficial

Question 62

A major difference between attribution styles is that people with a(n) _____ locus of personal control know how to act to get their desired outcomes.

A) internal
B) external
C) individual
D) environmental

Question 63

Which of the following is NOT a popular relaxation technique for stress management?

A) Regressive muscle relaxation
B) Visualization
C) Deep breathing
D) Meditation

Question 64

Which of the following involves adopting a passive attitude toward one's thoughts as they come and go?

A) Meditation
B) Aerobics
C) Visualization
D) Progressive muscle relaxation

Question 65

Physical activity simulates the actions of:

A) meditation.
B) regressive muscle relaxation.
C) locus of control.
D) fight-or-flight response.

Question 66

Which of the following is true of progressive muscle relaxation?

A) It involves contracting and relaxing muscles sporadically.
B) It is coupled with deep breathing exercise.
C) It is good to start with the muscle of the left arm while performing this.
D) It can only be performed in a supine position.

Question 67

Explain the transactional model of stress and coping.

Question 68

Establishing a healthy sleep routine is often a matter of recognizing and eliminating or minimizing sleep disrupters. Identify four things that may contribute to the disruption of sleep.

Question 69

Explain the female tend-and-befriend response to stressful events.

Question 70

Identify some of the challenges confronting today's college student.

Question 71

Explain the concept of developing social support through strong relationships.