Deck 21: Drugs Used to Treat Dyslipidemias

Question 1

In addition to controlling hyperlipidemia,what are bile acid-binding resins prescribed to treat?

A) Constipation secondary to excess fecal bile acids
B) Constipation related to pseudomembranous colitis
C) Pruritus secondary to biliary stasis
D) Jaundice related to cholelithiasis

Answer 1

Pruritus secondary to biliary stasis

Question 2

Which nutritional concept(s)is/are necessary to provide to patients receiving colestipol?

A) Take on an empty stomach to enhance absorption.
B) Whole grains, raw fruits, and vegetables will minimize constipation.
C) Drink eight to ten 8-ounce glasses of water daily to eliminate dehydration that results from frequent loose stools.
D) Report signs of vitamin K deficiency, including bleeding gums, dark tarry stools, and coffee-ground emesis.
E) Supplemental fat soluble vitamins may be necessary.

Answer 2

Whole grains, raw fruits, and vegetables will minimize constipation.
Report signs of vitamin K deficiency, including bleeding gums, dark tarry stools, and coffee-ground emesis.
Supplemental fat soluble vitamins may be necessary.

Question 3

A patient is prescribed a bile acid resin.The nurse instructs the patient to report which adverse reaction related to vitamin K deficiency?

A) Constipation
B) Coffee-ground emesis
C) Nausea
D) Changes in skin pigmentation

Answer 3

Coffee-ground emesis

Question 4

The nurse transcribes a new order for Lovaza on a patient in a long-term care facility.When providing education to the patient about this medication,the nurse will include which statement(s)?

A) Liver function tests should be completed before initiating therapy.
B) Lovaza is available in tablet form.
C) Triglyceride levels should increase with use.
D) Lovaza should be used with caution if the patient has an allergy to fish.
E) Lovaza does not cause myositis.

Question 5

The nurse is preparing to administer niacin for the first time to a patient being treated for dyslipidemia.Before administering this medication,the nurse will assess

A) blood glucose levels.
B) blood pressure.
C) heart rate.
D) temperature.
E) oxygen saturation.

Question 6

Which antilipemic agent is most potent?

A) Niacin
B) HMG CoA reductase inhibitor
C) Bile acid-binding resin
D) Fibric acid

Question 7

What will the nurse review when teaching a patient about therapy with statins?

A) Statins are the most potent antilipemic agents available.
B) Statins should be taken with food.
C) Statins replace dietary therapy for the control of hyperlipidemia.
D) Statins cause mild increases in HDL levels.
E) Statins are administered in the morning when cholesterol production is high.
F) Statins reduce inflammation, platelet aggregation, and plasma viscosity.

Question 8

The nurse is preparing medications for a patient.When is the best time for the nurse to administer lovastatin (Mevacor)?

A) 2 hours after breakfast
B) During the patient's dinner
C) 1 hour before breakfast
D) 30 minutes before lunch

Question 9

The nurse has completed an admitting patient history and notes the patient's current medications to be simvastatin (Zocor)and warfarin (Coumadin).What is the result of the interaction of these drugs?

A) Abdominal distention
B) Increased INR
C) Low serum level of simvastatin
D) Hypertension

Question 10

Why are statins,or HMG CoA reductase inhibitors,administered at bedtime?

A) The stomach is empty.
B) Metabolic needs of the body are decreased.
C) Cholesterol production is at its peak.
D) The body temperature is increased.

Question 11

A teaching plan for a patient with hyperlipidemia would instruct the patient to avoid which food(s)?

A) Hard cheeses
B) Egg whites
C) Unsaturated vegetable oils
D) Green vegetables
E) Liver

Question 12

The nurse is teaching a patient about statin therapy.Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

A) "I will take this medication at night."
B) "This medication will reduce blood clot formation."
C) "I will avoid drinking grapefruit juice."
D) "If I get a headache, I will notify my health care provider."

Question 13

The nurse is assessing a patient who is being evaluated for hyperlipidemia.Which assessment will most increase the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD)?

A) Blood pressure, 168/90 mm Hg
B) Hemoglobin A1c, 6%
C) Walks 3 miles briskly, usually 4 days a week
D) Eats five servings of fruits and vegetables daily

Question 14

Which vitamin has antilipemic actions?

A) C
B) A
C) D
D) B3

Question 15

Which deficiency may develop in patients taking cholestyramine?

A) Potassium deficiency
B) Sodium deficiency
C) Vitamin K deficiency
D) Hydrochloric acid deficiency

Question 16

The nurse is providing education to a patient who has recently been prescribed niacin.Which information given by the nurse is accurate?

A) "Weigh yourself weekly because of the risk of fluid retention."
B) "Nausea can be decreased if you take this medication with food."
C) "Because your blood pressure may increase while taking this drug, have it checked monthly."
D) "You should not take aspirin while on this medication."

Question 17

What is the desired effect of any antilipemic therapy?

A) Reduced LDLs and total cholesterol levels
B) Reduced HDLs and total cholesterol levels
C) Reduced LDLs and HDLs
D) Reduced HDLs and dietary cholesterol levels

Question 18

Which lipoprotein contributes to the development of atherosclerosis?

A) Chylomicrons
B) Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)
C) Low-density lipoprotein chylomicron (LDL C)
D) High-density lipoprotein chylomicron (HDL C)

Question 19

A patient is taking a HMG CoA reductase inhibitor and reports muscle aches,soreness,and weakness.The nurse suspects these symptoms to indicate early signs of myopathy.When notifying the physician of these symptoms,the nurse will also be sure to report the results of the patient's

A) serum creatine phosphokinase levels.
B) red blood cell count.
C) urine culture.
D) echocardiogram.

Question 20

The nurse is educating a patient about niacin prescribed to treat his hyperlipidemia.Which important teaching point(s)should be included in the educational plan?

A) Effectiveness of niacin in lowering total cholesterol
B) Information on high cholesterol foods and food preparation using unsaturated fats
C) Importance of smoking cessation and daily exercise
D) Alternative funding resource information because of the high cost of niacin
E) Adverse effects to report (e.g., fatigue, anorexia, nausea, malaise, jaundice, muscle aches)