Deck 27: Wilderness Emergencies

Question 1

Most wilderness emergencies are:

A) life threatening.
B) preventable.
C) not serious.
D) due to forest fires.

Answer 1

preventable.

Question 2

The human body has basic physiologic needs; in order they are:

A) food, water, shelter.
B) shelter, food, water.
C) water, shelter, food.
D) shelter, water, food.

Answer 2

shelter, water, food.

Question 3

A normally healthy individual can survive about ________ without food.

A) 1 week
B) 3 days
C) 3 weeks
D) 30 days

Answer 3

3 weeks

Question 4

When constructing a shelter in the wilderness, the best place is:

A) in the bottom of a valley or canyon.
B) downwind of a windbreak.
C) on a mountain ridge.
D) under a tree.

Question 5

The best method for purifying water in the wilderness is:

A) straining/boiling.
B) filtration.
C) purification tablets.
D) chemical additives.

Question 6

Altitude-related illness has been recorded at altitudes as low as:

A) 4,000 feet.
B) 5,000 feet.
C) 8,000 feet.
D) 6,000 feet.

Question 7

When caring for a victim of an altitude-related illness, you should first:

A) have the victim rest.
B) get the victim to a lower elevation.
C) give the victim something to eat.
D) treat for shock.

Question 8

In high-altitude pulmonary edema, the body's ability to ________ is diminished.

A) replace fluids
B) take on oxygen
C) pump blood
D) regulate temperature

Question 9

All of the following are True about high-altitude pulmonary edema except:

A) it generally starts at 10,000 feet.
B) signs and symptoms develop within a few hours.
C) a victim of HAPE needs immediate medical treatment in a compression chamber.
D) it is caused by reaching a new altitude too quickly.

Question 10

When keeping records in the wilderness, the T in the mnemonic CHART means:

A) treatment.
B) temperature.
C) time.
D) transport.

Question 11

When assessing a victim in the wilderness, you should spend more time on the ________ than you would normally.

A) primary survey
B) initial survey
C) secondary survey
D) follow-up evaluation

Question 12

If you have access to the EMS system, you should never try to:

A) dress wounds yourself.
B) move the victim.
C) replace fluids.
D) perform CPR.

Question 13

Beyond normal treatment of shock, a special consideration for managing shock in a wilderness setting is:

A) reducing the body's oxygen debt.
B) maintaining the effective circulating volume of blood.
C) maintaining body temperature.
D) controlling bleeding.

Question 14

To prevent infection of a wound in a wilderness setting, irrigate the wound with:

A) alcohol.
B) iodine.
C) hydrogen peroxide.
D) boiled water.

Question 15

Which of the following would not be a sign or symptom of an infected wound?

A) redness
B) hotness
C) foul odor
D) yellow color

Question 16

Which one of the following would you do when caring for a fracture in a wilderness setting that you would not normally do in other emergency settings?

A) splint the fracture
B) check for signs of impaired circulation
C) realign an angulated fracture
D) put direct pressure on a bleeding artery

Question 17

There are four basic options for getting help in the wilderness. Which is not an option?

A) treat the victim where you are
B) tap out an SOS on a tree trunk
C) send others to get help
D) stay with the victim and call for help

Question 18

If a victim dies in the wilderness, you could do any of the following except:

A) encase the body in a sleeping bag.
B) wrap the body in a tarp.
C) wrap the body in a tent.
D) wrap the body in a ground cloth.

Question 19

If a victim dies in the wilderness, the goal of the First Aider is to:

A) cool the body as rapidly as possible.
B) keep the body warm.
C) bury the body as quickly as possible.
D) notify the next of kin.

Question 20

The "Rule of Threes" of survival odds stands for ________, no water, and no food; taken together they considerably reduce survival time.

A) high terrain
B) inexperience
C) no communication
D) severe weather

Question 21

To carry a victim out of a wilderness area may require as many as:

A) 4 rescuers.
B) 8 rescuers.
C) 12 rescuers.
D) 16 rescuers.

Question 22

Which of the following is not a consideration in deciding how to evacuate a victim?

A) how many wild animal are in the area
B) what psychological condition the victim is in
C) what equipment is available to the rescuers
D) how much the rescue will cost

Question 23

Some situations require immediate evacuation. You should rapidly evacuate all of the following victims except:

A) severe hypothermia.
B) open fracture.
C) foot or hand injury that requires stitches.
D) emotionally distraught.

Question 24

When calling for help in a wilderness setting, which two critical pieces of information significantly increase the quality of the help that you're likely to receive?

A) names of people involved and cell phone numbers
B) contact numbers for loved ones and location
C) location and complete information about the circumstances
D) altitude and description of terrain

Question 25

All of the following dislocation injuries can be corrected in a wilderness situation except:

A) shoulder.
B) elbow.
C) kneecap.
D) finger.

Question 26

The higher the altitude, the longer you need to boil the water to destroy all microorganisms effectively.

Question 27

While eating snow seems a simple way to add water to the body, it carries a high price in terms of heat loss.

Question 28

Setting up shelter on a ridge allows for maximum exposure and increases your ability to be found when lost in the wilderness.

Question 29

The signs and symptoms of acute mountain sickness mimic a severe hangover.

Question 30

Ataxia is a classic sign of high-altitude pulmonary edema.

Question 31

In high-altitude cerebral edema, fluid from the body is slowly transferred into the lungs and the body's ability to take in oxygen is diminished.

Question 32

It is possible for the body to acclimate to higher elevations, but it takes approximately 6 weeks.

Question 33

To treat acute mountain sickness, drink at least 8 quarts of water a day.

Question 34

HAPE in the wilderness setting stands for: Help, Aid, Prepare, Evacuate.

Question 35

Generally, altitude-related illness doesn't develop until 24 to 48 hours after the victim is at the higher altitude.

Question 36

HACE in the wilderness setting stands for: High Altitude Cerebral Edema.

Question 37

Generally, you should stop chest compressions if the pulse does not start after 30 minutes of CPR.

Question 38

Even though the prognosis for a victim of cardiac arrest in the wilderness is grim, you should always begin aggressive CPR as soon as your assessment indicates.

Question 39

One of the most essential parts of assessment in the wilderness setting is the mechanism of injury or illness.

Question 40

According to the NAEMSP, you should not begin CPR if the victim has been in cardiac arrest for more than 30 minutes.

Question 41

Avalanches kill in two ways: by suffocation and by blunt-force trauma.

Question 42

About 90% of all avalanche victims die from blunt-force trauma.

Question 43

There has never been a successful rescue of an avalanche victim buried under more than 6 feet of snow.

Question 44

Carrying a victim out of a wilderness area by stretcher will require only four rescuers.

Question 45

The decision to evacuate a victim depends on many variables. One is the severity of the injury.