Deck 24: Burn Emergencies

Question 1

The seriousness of a burn is determined by:

A) the source of the fire.
B) the depth of damage to the bones.
C) the percentage of the body burned.
D) the type of chemical involved.

Answer 1

the percentage of the body burned.

Question 2

A burn that involves both the epidermal and dermal layer of skin, characterized by blistering, swelling, and pain is a:

A) superficial burn.
B) partial-thickness burn.
C) full-thickness burn.
D) complete thickness burn.

Answer 2

partial-thickness burn.

Question 3

A method for determining quickly the percentage of the body that has been burned is:

A) the Rule of Nines.
B) burn classification.
C) burn type.
D) the Rule of Tens.

Answer 3

the Rule of Nines.

Question 4

Skin that is moist and mottled ranging from white to red with blisters, would be classified as a:

A) superficial burn.
B) partial-thickness burn.
C) full-thickness burn.
D) complete thickness burn.

Question 5

Burn severity is classified by all of the following except:

A) minor.
B) moderate.
C) critical.
D) severe.

Question 6

Which of the following would most likely not cause a full-thickness burn?

A) electricity
B) chemicals
C) scalding
D) hot grease

Question 7

Burns on the face or neck are extremely dangerous because:

A) they don't heal well.
B) they are almost always full-thickness burns.
C) of possible burns to the eyes.
D) they will need cosmetic surgery.

Question 8

Children under five and adults over fifty-five react more severely to a burn because:

A) they have extremely thick skin.
B) they have a disproportionate fluid-to-surface-area ratio.
C) their immune system is more developed.
D) they react to pain differently.

Question 9

Locations that are particularly critical in burn injuries include all of the following except:

A) external genitalia.
B) knees.
C) hands.
D) feet.

Question 10

The most common type of burn is:

A) chemical.
B) electrical.
C) thermal.
D) radiation.

Question 11

When caring for a thermal burn victim, if less than 10 percent of the body surface is burned:

A) cover the burn with a petroleum-based dressing.
B) apply grease or fat to the burn to relieve pain.
C) apply an airtight dressing to the burned area.
D) apply wet-sterile dressings.

Question 12

Fatalities resulting from a fire are typically due to:

A) smoke inhalation.
B) puncturing of the lungs.
C) burns to the lungs.
D) heart attack.

Question 13

How many of all fire-related deaths are caused by smoke inhalation?

A) more than 5 percent
B) more than 10 percent
C) more than 25 percent
D) more than 50 percent

Question 14

Complications from burns include:

A) severe infection.
B) fractures.
C) blindness from the smoke.
D) kidney problems.

Question 15

You should suspect inhalation injury with all of the following signs except:

A) a sooty or smoky smell on the breath.
B) singed nasal hairs.
C) burned specks of carbon in the saliva.
D) scald burns.

Question 16

Burns usually do not alter levels of consciousness, so you should assume that any victim who is unconscious is suffering from:

A) asthma.
B) heart failure.
C) carbon monoxide poisoning.
D) stroke.

Question 17

Every victim of chemical burns should be:

A) treated for shock.
B) transported to the hospital.
C) given artificial ventilation.
D) suspected of foul play.

Question 18

Before you begin care of a victim of chemical burns you should do everything except:

A) activate the EMS system.
B) spray the area with water.
C) make sure it is safe to approach the victim.
D) protect yourself from contamination.

Question 19

Generally, the most important treatment for a liquid chemical burn is to:

A) apply cool compresses.
B) flush the burned area with water.
C) elevate the burned area above the heart.
D) cleanse the area with alcohol.

Question 20

When dealing with chemical burns caused by spilled chemicals, it is important to start flushing the burn area while:

A) removing contaminated clothing.
B) removing the chemical from the room.
C) calling in the HAZMAT unit.
D) offering oxygen to the victim.

Question 21

Chemical burns caused by concentrated sulfuric acid produces heat when mixed with ________ and may cause greater burn injury unless flushed rigorously.

A) alcohol
B) water
C) milk
D) phenol

Question 22

A storm blows in while you are golfing. A member of your group is struck by lightning. Your first priority is to:

A) seek shelter for the victim and group.
B) start CPR on the victim while someone goes for help.
C) use your cell phone to call for help.
D) offer ventilation only.

Question 23

When approaching a vehicle accident that involves downed power lines you should:

A) carefully move the downed wires.
B) notify the power company and request an emergency crew.
C) help the victim get out of the vehicle immediately.
D) call to the victim to get out of the vehicle.

Question 24

If you find a victim in a bathtub with an electrical appliance that has energized the water, you should:

A) immediately remove the appliance.
B) remove the victim from the water.
C) drain the water from the bathtub.
D) unplug the appliance before doing anything.

Question 25

Factors that would determine the severity of electrical shock include all of the following except:

A) whether the victim had an axial or transverse electrical contact.
B) the amount of time the victim was exposed to the shock.
C) the area of the body through which the current passed.
D) the amount of moisture on the victim.

Question 26

Always assume that a victim of lightning strike:

A) has sustained multiple injuries.
B) is still electrically charged.
C) is in fluid loss shock.
D) has sustained damage to his/her eyes.

Question 27

More than 500,00 burn victims are seen each year in the United States. From these numbers, approximately 4,000 burn victims die.

Question 28

A partial-thickness burn involves all layers of the skin as well as fat, muscle, and bone.

Question 29

The palmer surface method is a method of using the palm to estimate the percentage of body surface that has been burned.

Question 30

Any burn to the lower body is more serious than a burn of similar extent and degree on the upper body.

Question 31

Simple sunburn is an example of a partial-thickness burn.

Question 32

It is appropriate to apply ice to a burn to reduce the severity of the burn.

Question 33

In caring for a burn, use a plastic dressing to trap moisture to keep the area from drying out.

Question 34

The final result of inhalation of toxic fumes is reduced oxygen exchange.

Question 35

The severity of electrical shock is determined by the victim's age.

Question 36

Victims of lightning strike have a lesser chance of resuscitation than victims of cardiac or respiratory arrest.

Question 37

A tingling sensation in your legs as you approach a victim might indicate that the ground is electrically energized.

Question 38

Lightning kills more than 3,000 people a year in the United States.

Question 39

The victim of a lightning strike will hold a charge soon after the strike; wait 3-5 minutes before starting your physical assessment of the victim.

Question 40

Apply an AED to victims of a lightning strike if they are found pulseless.

Question 41

The Rule of Threes is used to determine the percentage of body surface that is burned.

Question 42

Inhalation injuries cause the majority of deaths from fire.

Question 43

The key to treating chemical burns is aggressive, vigorous, prolonged irrigation.

Question 44

Burns due to lightning are usually minor and are not a primary concern.

Question 45

More often the injury caused by lightning is due to a direct lightning strike to the victim.

Question 46

The goal of first aid for a lightning strike victim is to wait until the heart regains its ability to function, then offer care.