Deck 22: Pediatric and Geriatric Emergencies

Question 1

Which of the following is not True about children in comparison to adults?

A) Children have smaller airways.
B) A child's head is larger in proportion to its body.
C) Children have slower respiratory rates.
D) Children have faster heart rates.

Answer 1

Children have slower respiratory rates.

Question 2

Which of the following is not a general procedure when assessing a child?

A) be honest about pain
B) get the most painful parts of the assessment over with first
C) get as close to the child's eye level as possible
D) involve the parents as much as possible

Answer 2

get the most painful parts of the assessment over with first

Question 3

You can tell the most about a child's status by:

A) taking the child's vital signs.
B) asking the child himself.
C) asking the parents and witnesses.
D) your overall impressions of how the child looks and acts.

Answer 3

your overall impressions of how the child looks and acts.

Question 4

A viral infection that causes swelling beneath the glottis and progressive narrowing of the airway is:

A) epiglottitis.
B) asthma.
C) croup.
D) bronchiolitis.

Question 5

Which one of the following is caused by a bacterial infection?

A) epiglottitis
B) asthma
C) croup
D) bronchiolitis

Question 6

Which one of the following is not characteristic of asthma?

A) rapid pulse
B) an overly inflated chest
C) does not generally appear until late teens
D) wheezing

Question 7

Which one of the following is characterized by coughing with a harsh "seal bark"?

A) croup
B) epiglottitis
C) asthma
D) bronchiolitis

Question 8

Which one of the following positions is best for a victim of asthma?

A) on the left side
B) lying flat on the back
C) sitting or semisitting
D) lying flat with feet elevated

Question 9

You should give plenty of fluids to victims of ________ to help loosen and thin mucus in the air passages?

A) croup
B) asthma
C) epiglottitis
D) bronchiolitis

Question 10

Most of the cardiac arrests in children are from:

A) airway obstruction and/or respiratory arrest.
B) shock.
C) trauma to the head.
D) hyperglycemia.

Question 11

Unlike children, adults rarely have seizures caused by:

A) meningitis.
B) head injury.
C) oxygen deficiency.
D) fever.

Question 12

The number-one cause of death among infants between 1 month and 1 year is:

A) child abuse and neglect.
B) choking.
C) crib death.
D) meningitis.

Question 13

Which of the following is not True about sudden infant death syndrome (crib death)?

A) A red blotchiness of the skin is usually apparent.
B) It usually involves infants between the ages of 4 weeks and 7 months.
C) It almost always occurs while the infant is sleeping.
D) There is usually an indication of a struggle.

Question 14

Extended stays at school, constant fatigue, listlessness, and delinquency are all signs of which type of abuse?

A) physical
B) sexual
C) neglect
D) emotional

Question 15

A child who seems withdrawn, fantasizes, has poor peer relationships, and demonstrates infantile behavior has most likely been abused:

A) sexually.
B) physically.
C) emotionally.
D) by neglect.

Question 16

Which of the following would you do if you suspect abuse?

A) confront the parents
B) ask the child to re-create the situation
C) ask neighbors or relatives
D) report your suspicions to proper authorities

Question 17

The elderly have, on average, ________ coexisting chronic diseases.

A) 1
B) 3
C) 5
D) 7

Question 18

During the assessment of the elderly victim, it is important to take into account all of the following factors except:

A) most elderly victims fake their illness, so respond accordingly.
B) the geriatric victim is likely to suffer more than one disease at a time.
C) the elderly become debilitated much more rapidly.
D) the victim may be taking a number of medications.

Question 19

In most cases of pneumonia in the elderly:

A) fever is usually present.
B) fever is usually absent.
C) coughing is very common.
D) respiratory status rarely changes.

Question 20

One of the most common signs of myocardial infarction in an elderly person is:

A) severe pain.
B) fever.
C) shortness of breath.
D) high blood pressure.

Question 21

As many as one in ________ elderly have psychiatric disorders, which can be the cause of some symptoms.

A) four
B) ten
C) twenty
D) twenty-five

Question 22

The elderly are more prone to head injury; signs and symptoms of brain compression develop more:

A) rapidly.
B) slowly.
C) severely.
D) aggressively.

Question 23

A child is not more susceptible than an adult to which of the following?

A) hypothermia
B) dehydration
C) unconsciousness via drug overdose
D) head injury

Question 24

When treating a cut on an elderly person's hand, be careful of the kind of tape you use to secure the dressing because:

A) the skin may tear easily.
B) the skin may be very tough.
C) the skin may perspire.
D) the skin generally heals faster and tape is often not needed.

Question 25

Osteoporosis is common in the elderly. This disease causes the bones to:

A) become denser (thicken).
B) become less dense (thin out).
C) produce more blood cells.
D) shorten and become thicker.

Question 26

One of the common problems the elderly experience due to a changing neurological system is:

A) increased heart rate.
B) impaired swallowing.
C) clinical depression.
D) drug toxicity.

Question 27

Even though it may be summer time, an elderly victim that has fallen and is found on the floor may develop:

A) hyperthermia.
B) hypothermia.
C) hypoxia.
D) hyphema.

Question 28

It isn't important to check a child's vital signs as often as you would an adult's.

Question 29

An average eight-year-old breathes forty breaths per minute.

Question 30

A child's temperature is a much more important warning sign than an adult's because it can change so quickly.

Question 31

It is always better to use "baby talk"
when assessing a child because they will relate better to you.

Question 32

Examine the part that hurts first on any child, so that you can get that out of the way in order to perform the rest of your exam.

Question 33

Your overall impression of how a child looks and acts can be more important than any one vital sign.

Question 34

Children have less blood than an adult and are therefore in greater danger of bleeding to death from a relatively minor wound.

Question 35

Head injury is more likely in an infant because its head is large in proportion to its body.

Question 36

Croup is a bacterial infection characterized by a high fever, drooling, and difficulty speaking.

Question 37

First aid care for a victim of epiglottitis includes examining the child's throat thoroughly.

Question 38

If you know what to watch for, crib death can be predicted and prevented.

Question 39

It is not necessary to start CPR on an infant that has died from sudden infant death syndrome.

Question 40

A key point to remember is that a geriatric victim is likely to suffer from more than one disease at a time.

Question 41

The elderly are at the lowest risk from criminal assault.

Question 42

An elderly victim may minimize or deny symptoms out of fear of being bedridden or institutionalized.

Question 43

People over the age of 65 take 10 percent of all prescription drugs.

Question 44

In the elderly, cough power is diminished.

Question 45

Drug toxicity in the elderly is common because the kidney system declines in efficiency.

Question 46

Constipation is common and can result in serious problems in the elderly.