Deck 8: Kinship and Descent: Are These the Ties That Bind

Question 1

All of the following are goals or aims that kinship systems achieve for their group members EXCEPT

A) identify political leaders.
B) organize people into groups.
C) direct people's behavior.
D) provides security for the group.

Answer 1

identify political leaders.

Question 2

Which of the following descent groups are predominate in the United States and Europe?

A) patrilineal
B) matrilineal
C) ambilineal
D) bilateral

Answer 2

bilateral

Question 3

In which terminological system is Mo and MoSi called by the same term and Fa and FaBr called by the same term?

A) Inuit
B) Omaha
C) Iroquois
D) Crow

Answer 3

Iroquois

Question 4

In what descent group do individuals trace their descent to a known ancestor?

A) clan
B) lineage
C) phratry
D) kindred

Question 5

In the Inuit terminological system, what does Ego call "her" or his mother's brother's daughter?

A) sister
B) cousin
C) aunt
D) sister-in-law

Question 6

In the Iroquois terminological system, what does Ego call "his" or her mother's sister?

A) sister
B) aunt
C) mother's sister
D) mother

Question 7

In this type of descent group, two individuals cannot actually trace how they are related by blood; rather, they trace their descent to a mythical ancestor.

A) clan
B) lineage
C) phratry
D) moiety

Question 8

In a hypothetical society that has only two patrilineages, parallel cousins are:

A) in different lineages.
B) in the same lineage.
C) in the same kindred.
D) not related.

Question 9

A culture is described as having polygynous marriages and patrilineal descent but data shows that fewer than twenty percent of the population is in a polygynous marriage.This illustrates what dichotomy?

A) ideal/real
B) culture/subculture
C) culture/society
D) etic/emic

Question 10

How do the Hawaiian and the Iroquois terminological systems differ? The Hawaiian system

A) is not generational while Iroquois is generational.
B) is found in societies without strong unilineal descent while Iroquois is associated with unilineal descent societies.
C) uses more specific terms than the Iroquois.
D) bifurcate kin and the Iroquois does not.

Question 11

This common type of kinship organization found in large food producing societies seems to function in the same way as clans and phratries are:

A) patrilineages.
B) segmentary lineages.
C) sodalities.
D) moieties.

Question 12

-In Figure 0801, what specific type of marriage does 27 have?

A) polygamous
B) polgynous
C) polyandrous
D) monogamous

Question 13

-If 25 is Ego in Figure 0801, which individuals are part of Ego's nuclear family of orientation?

A) 15, 16, and 25
B) 13, 14, 15, 16, and 25
C) 14, 15, 17, and 19
D) none shown

Question 14

-If 25 is Ego In Figure 0801, her parallel cousins are

A) 20 and 27.
B) 20, 22, and 23.
C) 14, 17, 22, and 23.
D) 22, 23, and 27.

Question 15

-If 20 is Ego in Figure 0801, the members of his patrilocal extended family would be

A) 2, 3, 11, 12, 13, 14, 20, 21, 22, and 23.
B) 2, 3, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 20, and 22.
C) 1, 2, 3, 11, 12, 13, 14, 20, 21, and 22.
D) 1, 2, 10, 11, 13, 20, 22, and 23.

Question 16

-If this is a society with avunculocal residence rules, with whom would 11 reside?

A) 10
B) 2
C) 4
D) 13
E) 1

Question 17

-If Ego is 32 in Figure 0801, the individuals who are shaded are members of Ego's

A) patrilocal extended family.
B) matrilineage.
C) Ego's kindred.
D) matrilocal extended family.

Question 18

-If 27 is Ego in Figure 0801 and belongs to a society that practices Inuit terminology, whom would he call by the same term?

A) 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 19
B) 7, 8, 14, and 15
C) 22, 23, and 25
D) 20, 22, 23, and 25

Question 19

-If 10 is Ego in Figure 0801, her cross-cousins are

A) 14, 15, 17, and 19.
B) 22, 23, 25, and 27.
C) 31.
D) none shown

Question 20

-If 23 is Ego in Figure 0801 and her society has exogamous matrilineages, which male cousin could she marry? (Assume for this question that no one in 23's generation is married.)

A) 34
B) 4
C) 19
D) 27

Question 21

-If Ego is 19 in figure 0801, the individuals who are shaded are members of Ego's

A) kindred.
B) matrilocal extended family.
C) matrilineage.
D) patrilineage.

Question 22

-If 27 is Ego in Figure 0801, his cross cousins are

A) none shown.
B) 22, 23, 25.
C) 33, 34, 20, 21.
D) 20.

Question 23

-In Figure 0801, which individuals share the same kindred?

A) 9 and 10.
B) 14, 15, 17, 19.
C) 13, 14.
D) 20, 22, 23.

Question 24

-If 23 is Ego in Figure 0801, which individuals are part of Ego's nuclear family of procreation?

A) 23, 14, 32.
B) 13, 14, 22, 23.
C) 2,3, 13, 14, 22, 23, 24, 32.
D) 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 11, 13, 14, 22.

Question 25

-If 20 is Ego in Figure 0801, his parallel cousins are

A) 33, 34, 22, 23.
B) 33, 34.
C) 22, 23.
D) none are shown.

Question 26

The most common kinship system in North America today consists of ______ descent groups known as ______.

A) ambilineal, phratries
B) unilateral, clans
C) bilateral, moieties
D) bilateral, kindreds

Question 27

In aboriginal foraging societies, like the Dobe Ju/'hoansi !Kung, kinship relations are important because kin.

A) share food resources.
B) help in conflict situations.
C) provide security during major life transitions.
D) all of the above

Question 28

A significant advantage of unilineal descent groups is that they

A) facilitate property inheritance.
B) determine residence.
C) dictate appropriate marriage partners.
D) control the choice of a chief.

Question 29

If your informant describes how her peers treat her differently because her father is an important film star, this is termed her _____ status.

A) earned
B) achieved
C) ascribed
D) ancillary

Question 30

An informant tells a fieldworker that the preferred marriage custom in his culture is for a man to marry his mother's brother's daughter.The fieldworker would label this as an example of what type of marriage?

A) lineage double descent
B) parallel cousin
C) cross-cousin
D) clan

Question 31

The Inuit kinship terminological system was so named because it was

A) only used by the Inuit.
B) first described for the Inuit.
C) only found among such foraging societies as the Inuit.
D) a primary feature of aboriginal arctic societies.

Question 32

You belong to a society that practices bilateral descent, so you belong to a kindred.Which of the following relatives do you share consanguineally with your cousin who is your MoBrCh?

A) your father
B) your cousin's father (Ego's MoBr)
C) your paternal aunt (Ego's FaSi)
D) your cousin's mother (Ego's MoBrWi)

Question 33

A bifurcate kinship system is one where

A) all cousins are called by the same term.
B) each member of a kin group is called by a different term.
C) ego labels father's side of the kin group differently than mother's side.
D) ego calls two different generations by different terms.

Question 34

The Yanomamo use kin terms where a male ego calls his FaSiDa and his MoBrDa by the term suaboya- this translates to the English term "wife." All individuals in the suaboya category are ego's ideal marriage partners.This case exemplifies which terminological system?

A) Inuit
B) Hawaiian
C) Iroquois
D) none of these

Question 35

It is often difficult for members of one culture to understand the kinship system of another culture because

A) an etic perspective makes it difficult to grasp an emic perspective.
B) kinship rules do not fit any recognizable patterns.
C) the logic behind kinship systems is constantly changing.
D) ideal patterns of kinship systems are not the same as the real (or actual) patterns.

Question 36

Describe two goals of kinship systems.

Question 37

Discuss one explanation offered for the existence of mother-in-law avoidance taboos.

Question 38

Cite one similarity and one difference between unilineal descent and bilateral descent.

Question 39

Explain what a clan is.

Question 40

What is one reason that the Yanomamo cannot marry parallel cousins?

Question 41

Give one difference between Hawaiian terminological systems and Iroquois terminological systems.

Question 42

How do the Inuit and Hawaiian terminological systems differ?

Question 43

Describe how a segmentary lineage system is organized.

Question 44

Compare and contrast kinship in patrilineal and matrilineal societies.

Question 45

Explain the differences between Hawaiian, Inuit, and Iroquois terminological systems.

Question 46

Compare and contrast the functions of kinship in societies that have unilineal descent and those that have nonunilineal (bilateral) descent.

Question 47

Discuss why second-level descent groups' (clans, phratries, moieties) are associated with horticultural and pastoral societies.

Question 48

Describe the kinship system, including type of residence pattern and descent, found among the
__________ (Instructor fills in name of class assigned ethnography).

Question 49

Using a specific example, discuss the functions of kinship among the _______ (Instructor fills in name of class assigned ethnography).