Deck 3: Perception and Pattern Recognition

Question 1

Which of the following is associated with Pandemonium?

A) Templates
B) Feature detection
C) Neisser
D) All of the above are associated with Pandemonium.

Answer 1

Feature detection

Question 2

Consider the partial report condition as reported by Sperling (1960) in his iconic memory experiments. Which of the following is true?

A) Accuracy decreased with cue delay
B) All letters had to be reported
C) Context-dependence was clearly illustrated
D) There was no difference in recall based on cue delay

Answer 2

Accuracy decreased with cue delay

Question 3

Visual sensation is:

A) The process of interpreting and understanding visual information
B) Based on our past knowledge and experiences
C) The reception of stimulation from the environment and its initial encoding into the nervous system
D) Dependent on top down processing

Answer 3

The reception of stimulation from the environment and its initial encoding into the nervous system

Question 4

Which of the following is true of the human visual system?

A) The fovea provides us with our most accurate and precise vision.
B) The duration of visual sensory memory is about 2 seconds.
C) Most information is taken up after the first brief period (about 50 milliseconds) of a new fixation.
D) There are more rods at the fovea than cones.

Question 5

Human beings are much more successful at reading unclear writing than computer programs, most likely because of:

A) Top-down processing
B) Their in-depth understanding of principles of perception
C) Repeated practice at the task
D) Bottom-up processing

Question 6

A tachistoscope:

A) Controls the duration of a display
B) Controls the velocity of an object
C) Controls the size of a display
D) Is a model of feature detection

Question 7

Mario has no idea what he just read in his textbook, because he was thinking about how hungry he is and what he is going to have for dinner. This is a real-world example of:

A) Bottom-up processing
B) Visual persistence
C) Inattentional blindness
D) Iconic memory

Question 8

Christina turned a lamp on and looked at the light bulb directly. Immediately after that, she looked away and could still "see" the bulb shining brightly. This visual persistence is an example of the type of information held in the ________ store

A) STM
B) LTM
C) Echoic
D) Iconic

Question 9

A saccadic eye movement (not including initiation time) takes approximately:

A) 1-5 msec
B) 25-100 msec
C) 250-300 msec
D) 400-700 msec

Question 10

Which of the following is part of the auditory system?

A) Aqueous humor
B) Montblanc
C) Geon
D) Anvil

Question 11

Imagine that you are testing a patient with associative agnosia. If you show them a
Picture of a ship's anchor, they are most likely to:

A) Be able to copy it but unable to identify the drawing
B) Be unable to copy it but able to identify the drawing
C) Be unable to copy it and unable to identify the drawing
D) Be unable to copy it but able to draw an anchor from memory

Question 12

The idea that for the conclusions of research to be meaningful, the methodologies and tasks should resemble those of "the real world" rather than the sterility of the laboratory:

A) Functional realism
B) Ecological validity
C) Functional validity
D) Span of apprehension

Question 13

Movement of the eye from one fixation point to another:

A) Saccade
B) Smooth pursuit
C) Fixation
D) Foveation

Question 14

Suppose that you are listening to a lecture, and another student's chair squeaks loudly during the middle of a word so that the middle of that word cannot be heard. Nonetheless, you do not detect any interruption in the word. This is a good everyday example of:

A) Echoic persistence
B) Focal attention
C) Top-down processing
D) Auditory sensory memory

Question 15

Your friend tells you that in order to recognize the pattern of a letter "A" you have to have exactly the same pattern stored in memory. Your friend believes in the ________ theory of pattern recognition.

A) Template
B) Feature analysis
C) RBC
D) Direct

Question 16

Vocalizing (or subvocalizing) items can lead to better recall of the later items in the list.

Question 17

Patients with associative agnosia can combine perceived features into a whole pattern but cannot associate that pattern with meaning.

Question 18

Patients with apperceptive agnosia cannot combine perceived features into a whole pattern and cannot copy or match simple shapes.

Question 19

Draw a diagram that illustrates (and labels) the important components of the auditory system (outer, middle, and inner ear).

Question 20

Explain the concept of compression as it refers to visual processing.

Question 21

Define repetition blindness.

Question 22

Define associative agnosia.

Question 23

Describe a) Sperling's use of partial report and b) the theoretical importance of this work.

Question 24

Describe the three-eared man procedure (as used by Crowder).

Question 25

Provide two examples illustrating conceptually driven processing - one for visual processing, the other for auditory processing.

Question 26

Describe the differences between integration masking and metacontrast masking.

Question 27

Explain how visual feature theories suggest we recognize whole patterns.