Deck 30: The Child with a Skin Condition

Question 1

What would help the child with a serious burn meet nutritional needs during the subacute phase of recovery?

A) Decrease calories because the child will be on bed rest and will not need as many.
B) Increase calories and protein to compensate for the healing process.
C) Increase fat to replace the layer of fat next to the burned skin.
D) Decrease carbohydrates and starches because the pancreas is strained by the healing process.

Answer 1

Increase calories and protein to compensate for the healing process.

Question 2

The home health nurse discovers a family infected with pediculosis.What information can the nurse provide to the mother to start eradication of the lice?

A) Cover the hair with Vaseline.
B) Apply a soda-vinegar solution to the hair.
C) Comb through the hair with a vinegar-water solution.
D) Shampoo the hair with dish detergent.

Answer 2

Comb through the hair with a vinegar-water solution.

Question 3

On the first day following a severe burn,the body's fluid reserves have left the circulating volume and entered the interstitial space,causing massive edema.What should the nurse monitor for very closely in the burn victim?

A) Increasing intracranial pressure
B) Reduced urine output
C) Eschar formation
D) Fluid overload

Answer 3

Reduced urine output

Question 4

A child is brought to the emergency department with burns on the face and chest.What is the nurse's first priority?

A) Assess respiratory status.
B) Administer pain medication.
C) Remove clothing.
D) Insert a Foley catheter.

Question 5

What is the appropriate technique for the application of a topical treatment for a child with eczema?

A) Apply skin lotions in a circular motion.
B) Apply prescribed ointments with a gloved hand.
C) Apply as much and as frequently as relieves the symptoms.
D) Choose lanolin-based ointments.

Question 6

What is the correct nursing response to a mother who asks,"How can I get rid of the baby's cradle cap?"

A) "Rub baby oil on the infant's head at night and shampoo the hair the next morning."
B) "Use a brush with firm bristles to loosen the scales on the baby's head several times a day."
C) "Wash the baby's head every night with a dandruff-control shampoo."
D) "Lubricate the baby's head every morning with a small amount of olive oil."

Question 7

What should the nurse suggest before a 17-year-old girl starts a protocol of isotretinoin (Accutane)for her acne?

A) Get a prescription for oral contraceptives.
B) Increase the dose of the present medication.
C) Limit intake of chocolate, cola, and peanuts.
D) Increase exposure to sunlight.

Question 8

A child has sustained a second-degree deep thermal burn to the hand.What is the best first action to take?

A) Immerse the burned area in cold water.
B) Apply ice to the burned area.
C) Break any blisters that are present.
D) Apply petroleum jelly to the burned skin.

Question 9

A child had a burn,evidenced by pink skin and blistering.The child complains of pain and is crying.How does the nurse classify this burn when documenting?

A) First-degree
B) Second-degree superficial
C) Second-degree deep dermal
D) Third-degree

Question 10

Which statement made by a parent indicates an understanding of the topical application of medications for a skin condition?

A) "I apply the medication after I give my child a bath."
B) "I rub the ointment in a circular motion over the rash."
C) "I increased the amount of cream because the rash was not improving."
D) "I use powder and cornstarch to keep the skin dry."

Question 11

The nurse caring for a patient with severe frostbite observes a purple flush on the hands and feet.What is the most appropriate nursing action?

A) Report this sign immediately.
B) Place a warm towel over the extremities.
C) Gently sponge with cool water.
D) Medicate for pain.

Question 12

A mother is concerned about what might have caused a heat rash on her infant.The nurse observes tiny pinhead-sized reddened papules on the infant's neck and axilla.What does the nurse explain as the most likely cause of this rash?

A) Sun exposure
B) Allergic reaction
C) Infection
D) Heat and moisture

Question 13

A group of football players is taking oral griseofulvin for tinea pedis.What should the school nurse caution them to avoid?

A) Citrus fruit and juice
B) Eating shellfish
C) Alcohol consumption
D) Taking corticosteroids

Question 14

Which allergy would contraindicate the use of silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)as a topical agent for burns?

A) Penicillin
B) Iodine
C) Tetanus immunizations
D) Sulfa

Question 15

What will the nurse include when teaching about general skin care measures that could help prevent acne?

A) Eliminating chocolate, peanuts, and cola from the diet
B) Washing the face with a cleansing product frequently
C) Planning indoor activities to avoid sun exposure
D) Eating a balanced diet and getting sufficient rest

Question 16

What risk is increased with children who have been diagnosed with infantile eczema?

A) Pneumonia
B) Acne
C) Sun sensitivity
D) Asthma

Question 17

The nurse is careful to apply only the prescribed amount of ointment to the skin of a 2-month-old.How is infant skin different from adult skin?

A) Less perfusion
B) Greater moisture
C) More perspiration
D) Greater absorption

Question 18

Which statement made by a parent indicates the need for further teaching about strategies to control itching for the infant with eczema?

A) "Wool is the best fabric for the infant's clothing."
B) "I should avoid laundry detergents with fragrances."
C) "I put cotton gloves on the infant's hands."
D) "The infant's fingernails are kept short."

Question 19

At a 2-month well-child visit,parents ask the nurse about the red area on the infant's neck.They tell the nurse that the mark appeared a few weeks after birth.What does the nurse recognize this skin lesion as?

A) A port wine nevus
B) A strawberry nevus
C) Exanthem
D) Intertrigo

Question 20

A 2-day-old infant is noted to have small pustules on her skin.What is the best nursing action?

A) Report it immediately because it may be a staphylococcus infection.
B) Keep the affected area dry and clean.
C) Teach the parents how to care for seborrheic dermatitis.
D) Chart the finding because it may be the beginning of a strawberry nevus.

Question 21

Which factor(s)activate the herpes simplex virus type I?

A) Stress
B) Sun
C) Menses
D) Fever
E) Food allergies

Question 22

An adolescent patient at a pediatric clinic presents with a butterfly rash.What diagnosis does the nurse suspect?

A) Tuberous sclerosis
B) Eczema
C) Psoriasis
D) Systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 23

What would the nurse teach parents to do in order to avoid diaper rash?

A) Use ointments.
B) Keep perineum covered at all times.
C) Use disposable diapers.
D) Avoid plastic bloomers or pants.
E) Change diaper frequently.

Question 24

Parents of a child show the nurse that their child has a flat strawberry nevus.What information can the nurse provide in educating the parents regarding strawberry nevus?

A) It is a rare skin variation.
B) It is harmless.
C) It gradually becomes raised.
D) Laser treatment is available.
E) Sometimes it can disappear spontaneously.

Question 25

What intervention(s)would the nurse preparing a teaching plan for the care of a child with infantile eczema include?

A) Bathe the child using products with a light fragrance.
B) Use oatmeal and baking soda as bath additives.
C) Add bath oil to bath water after the child has soaked.
D) Apply lanolin-based lotions after the bath.
E) Bathe child several times a day.

Question 26

The nurse recognizes the blisters and erythema of the hands of a person recovering from frostbite as the skin disorder called _________________.

Question 27

A child is brought to the emergency department with severe frostbite.Which body parts should be warmed first?

A) Hands and arms
B) Feet and legs
C) Fingers and toes
D) Head and torso

Question 28

A 5-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department with a second-degree burn of his entire right arm and hand,anterior trunk and genital area,and front of right thigh.The nurse assesses the body surface area (BSA)percentage burn as ______%.

Question 29

An adolescent is at the pediatrician's office because he has been experiencing intense itching,particularly in the axilla and between the fingers.The itching is worse during the night and he has not been sleeping well.With what is this symptom associated?

A) Scabies
B) Pediculosis capitis
C) Tinea corporis
D) Eczema

Question 30

What should the nurse keep in mind when providing care to the school-age child hospitalized with a burn injury?

A) Hospitalization will be brief.
B) Analgesics should be given immediately after dressing changes.
C) Contact with peers should be maintained.
D) Parents usually handle injury worse than the child.

Question 31

Eczema indicates that the infant is oversensitive to certain substances called ______________,which enter the body via the digestive tract,inhalation,direct contact,or injections.

Question 32

The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old with severe burns.What is the nurse aware is the minimum adequate hourly urine output?

A) 5 mL/hr
B) 10 mL/hr
C) 15 mL/hr
D) 20 mL/hr

Question 33

The nurse observes a tarry stool from a 16-year-old burn victim who has been in the ICU for 2 weeks.Which complication does the nurse document and report?

A) Diverticulitis
B) Stress diarrhea
C) Curling's ulcer
D) Perforated bowel

Question 34

The nurse differentiates a type of topical medication that is an oil-based emulsion to be used on dry skin as a(n)_________________.

Question 35

The nurse speaking to a group of junior high school students informs them that acne can be exacerbated by which drug(s)?

A) Steroids
B) Phenytoin
C) Phenobarbital
D) Aspirin
E) Oral contraceptives

Question 36

An adolescent girl with acne is being treated with an antibiotic in addition to topical applications.What side effect does the nurse caution the girl to expect?

A) Lessened effectiveness of oral contraceptives
B) Urinary burning and frequency
C) Breast engorgement
D) Vaginitis

Question 37

What should the nurse stress to the mother of a child with impetigo?

A) The condition is caused by the herpes simplex virus type I.
B) The crusts on the lesions should be left in place.
C) The lesions may spread, but the disease is not contagious.
D) Small cuts and bites should be treated promptly.

Question 38

The nurse is documenting a description of a skin assessment.What term can be used for an elevated,fluid-filled blister?

A) Pustule
B) Papule
C) Wheal
D) Vesicle

Question 39

The nurse recognizes the characteristic circular hairless patches of tinea capitis,which is called _____________.

Question 40

The nurse assesses a major burn as a _____-thickness burn involving _____% or more of the body surface.