Question 1

Which is considered to be a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?&#10;A) Pneumonia&#10;B) Chronic bronchitis&#10;C) Tuberculosis&#10;D) Asthma

Accepted Answer

Chronic bronchitis is considered a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by long-term breathing problems and poor airflow.

Question 2

A person has chronic bronchitis. You expect which of the following signs and symptoms?&#10;A) Productive cough, possibly with pus&#10;B) Cyanosis&#10;C) Frequent ear infections&#10;D) Increased energy levels

Accepted Answer

Productive cough, possibly with pus, is a common sign of chronic bronchitis.

Question 3

A person has chronic bronchitis. Treatment involves which of the following?&#10;A) Continuous antibiotic treatment&#10;B) Lung transplant&#10;C) Prompt treatment of respiratory tract infections&#10;D) Artificial airways and chest tubes

Accepted Answer

Chronic bronitis treatment focuses on managing symptoms and preventing further damage. Prompt treatment of respiratory tract infections is crucial to avoid exacerbations of the condition. Continuous antibiotics, lung transplants, and artificial airways/chest tubes are not standard treatments for chronic bronchitis.

Question 4

Which occurs with emphysema?&#10;A) Alveoli fill with fluid.&#10;B) Alveoli shrink.&#10;C) Air is trapped in the bronchus.&#10;D) Alveoli become less elastic.

Accepted Answer

Emphysema is characterized by the destruction of alveolar walls, leading to larger but fewer alveoli. This results in reduced surface area for gas exchange and makes the alveoli less elastic, impairing their ability to recoil and expel air.

Question 5

A resident has emphysema. You expect the person's treatment to include which of the following?&#10;A) Glucose therapy&#10;B) Breathing exercises&#10;C) Hormone therapy&#10;D) Diet therapy

Accepted Answer

Breathing exercises are a common component of treatment for emphysema, a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), to help improve lung function and ease breathing difficulties.

Question 6

Which statement about asthma is correct?&#10;A) Air passages widen.&#10;B) Wheezing and cough are common.&#10;C) An asthma attack does not typically get worse.&#10;D) The person has fever, pain, and chills.

Accepted Answer

Asthma is characterized by symptoms such as wheezing and coughing due to the narrowing of air passages, not their widening. Asthma attacks can indeed get worse, and fever, pain, and chills are not typical symptoms of asthma but may indicate an infection.

Question 7

Which of the following signals influenza in older persons?&#10;A) A change in mental status&#10;B) A body temperature above normal range&#10;C) Increased energy levels&#10;D) Increased appetite and fluid intake

Accepted Answer

Older persons with influenza may experience atypical symptoms such as a change in mental status, rather than the more common symptoms like fever.

Question 8

Which statement about pneumonia is correct?&#10;A) It is constriction of alveoli.&#10;B) Affected alveoli fill with air.&#10;C) Affected alveoli are enlarged and less elastic.&#10;D) The person has fever, chills, painful cough, and chest pain on breathing.

Accepted Answer

Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus, causing symptoms such as a cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. This aligns with option D, which lists common symptoms of pneumonia, including fever, chills, painful cough, and chest pain on breathing. Options A, B, and C describe conditions or outcomes not characteristic of pneumonia.

Question 9

A resident has pneumonia. Which of the following should be included in the person's care plan?&#10;A) Discourage fluids.&#10;B) Encourage activity.&#10;C) Place in semi-Fowler's position only.&#10;D) Change linens as needed.

Accepted Answer

Changing linens as needed is important for maintaining hygiene and comfort for a person with pneumonia.

Question 10

A person has TB. Which precautions are needed?&#10;A) Isolation precautions&#10;B) No precautions&#10;C) Contact precautions&#10;D) Droplet precautions

Accepted Answer

Patients with TB should be placed in isolation precautions, specifically airborne precautions, to prevent the spread of the disease through respiratory droplets.

Question 11

Which of these blood pressure measurements indicates hypertension?&#10;A) 120/70 mm Hg&#10;B) 130/80 mm Hg&#10;C) 110/60 mm Hg&#10;D) 160/100 mm Hg

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of these blood pressure measurements indicates...

Question 12

Risk factors for hypertension include the following. One risk factor a person can change would be:&#10;A) his or her age.&#10;B) weight.&#10;C) family history.&#10;D) race.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Risk factors for hypertension include the following....

Question 13

Hypertension can lead to which of the following?&#10;A) Stroke and heart attack&#10;B) Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis&#10;C) Vitamin deficiencies&#10;D) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hypertension can lead to which of the...

Question 14

The following are risk factors for coronary artery disease. Which can be controlled?&#10;A) Age&#10;B) Smoking&#10;C) Gender&#10;D) Race

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following are risk factors for coronary...

Question 15

Angina occurs when:&#10;A) the heart needs less oxygen.&#10;B) the lungs need more oxygen.&#10;C) the heart needs more oxygen.&#10;D) blood flow increases.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Angina occurs when:&#10;A) the heart needs less...

Question 16

Which is a sign or symptom of angina?&#10;A) Pain in the jaw, neck, and down one or both arms&#10;B) Dry mouth&#10;C) Low heart rate&#10;D) Drowsiness

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is a sign or symptom of...

Question 17

Which statement about myocardial infarction is correct?&#10;A) Tissue death occurs from a sudden lack of blood supply to the heart muscle.&#10;B) The area of damage is large.&#10;C) The person could have a heart attack if the infarction is not resolved.&#10;D) Cardiac arrest is not common.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement about myocardial infarction is correct?&#10;A)...

Question 18

Which statement about the pain of myocardial infarction is correct?&#10;A) It is usually mild with a gradual onset.&#10;B) It is often described as burning.&#10;C) It may radiate to the neck, jaw, teeth, shoulder, and arm.&#10;D) It is relieved by rest and nitroglycerin.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement about the pain of myocardial...

Question 19

Which statement about the pain of myocardial infarction is correct?&#10;A) The person may complain of constipation.&#10;B) The person is typically calm but uncomfortable.&#10;C) Sweating, pallor, and cyanosis are common.&#10;D) Hypertension and a strong pulse usually occur.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement about the pain of myocardial...

Question 20

A person has left-sided heart failure. Signs and symptoms include which of the following?&#10;A) No pulse, no respirations, and no blood pressure&#10;B) Wheezing, barrel-shaped chest&#10;C) Confusion, dizziness, and fainting&#10;D) Flushed skin and increased urinary output

Accepted Answer

The answer of A person has left-sided heart failure. Signs...

Question 21

A resident has heart failure. Which of the following should be included in the person's care plan?&#10;A) Measure weight once per week.&#10;B) Encourage fluids.&#10;C) Provide skin care.&#10;D) Encourage frequent ambulation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A resident has heart failure. Which of...

Deck 34: Cardiovascular and Respiratory System Disorders