Deck 16: Male Offenders

Question 1

The majority of male inmates are incarcerated in

A) county jails.
B) state prisons.
C) federal prisons.
D) other adult long-term institutions.

Answer 1

state prisons.

Question 2

Approximately ________ percent of adult males in the United States are in prison on any given day.

A) 0.001
B) 0.1
C) 1
D) 10

Answer 2

1

Question 3

Male prisoners are most likely to be incarcerated for which type of crime?

A) Property crime
B) Violent crime
C) Drug law violations
D) Public order offenses

Answer 3

Violent crime

Question 4

Black males are incarcerated at approximately ________ times the rate of white males.

A) 2
B) 4
C) 5
D) 8

Question 5

The majority of foreign offenders imprisoned in the United States come from which country?

A) Canada
B) Mexico
C) Norway
D) Venezuela

Question 6

Which of the following is not a method that states and correctional administrators have used to deal with the problem of dangerous offenders and prison overcrowding?

A) Releasing some dangerous offenders back into the community
B) Creating the supermax prison
C) Giving property offenders alternatives to incarceration
D) Isolating dangerous offenders

Question 7

The most common cause of death of inmates in prison is

A) homicide.
B) suicide.
C) from injuries sustained during prison uprisings.
D) natural causes.

Question 8

________ is an example of a designer drug that can induce violent behavior.

A) Cocaine
B) Methamphetamine
C) Heroin
D) Marijuana

Question 9

Which of the following statements regarding offender use of drugs and alcohol is true?

A) The majority of prison inmates had been drinking when they committed the crime for which they are incarcerated.
B) The majority of incoming prison inmates today were convicted of drug law violations.
C) There is ongoing drug use among offenders in prison.
D) Drug overdose is the main cause of death among inmates in state prisons.

Question 10

Which of the following statements regarding male jail inmates is false?

A) Over half of male jail inmates have not been convicted of the crime for which they are incarcerated.
B) The majority of male jail inmates have a prior criminal record.
C) The majority of male jail inmates report consuming alcohol regularly.
D) More than half of male jail inmates are white.

Question 11

Prisoners with low-level education skills who are unable to read and follow written instructions are known as

A) functionally illiterate.
B) population at risk.
C) age at risk.
D) prisonization.

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true regarding male state prison inmates?

A) The majority are eligible to be furloughed into an early-release procedure.
B) Few inmates have some kind of institutional work assignment.
C) The majority have not received a high school diploma.
D) They are more educated than individuals in the civilian population.

Question 13

The most common cause of death of inmates in most jails is

A) homicide.
B) suicide.
C) from injuries sustained during jail uprisings.
D) natural causes.

Question 14

Which of the following is not a factor that accounts for most of the growth in the prison population in recent years?

A) A decline in the prison release rate
B) An increase in the number of parole violators returned to prison
C) The War on Drugs
D) An increased focus on property crimes in the community

Question 15

The population at risk includes males in which age category?

A) Ages 15 to 21
B) Ages 18 to 29
C) Ages 21 to 35
D) Ages 30 to 45

Question 16

Which of the following factors has made the age-at-risk problem worse in recent years?

A) The recent economic recession
B) The change in health care coverage
C) The population shift from rural to urban environments
D) Increasing law enforcement efficiency

Question 17

What is the impact of Congress's "truth-in-sentencing" program?

A) States that enact legislation requiring defendants to tell the truth at sentencing will receive federal funds to construct new courthouses.
B) States that enact legislation requiring an inmate to serve 85% of his sentence will receive federal funds to construct new prisons.
C) States that enact legislation offering offender diversion will receive federal funds to subsidize these diversion programs.
D) States that enact three-strikes and prior imprisonment statutes will receive federal funds to construct new prisons.

Question 18

Prisonization involves

A) anticipatory socialization.
B) methods of preparing prison inmates for reentry into the community.
C) prison orientation programs for newly committed inmates.
D) introducing newly committed inmates into the inmate subculture.

Question 19

Which of the following statements regarding the federal prison population is true?

A) The average federal prison sentence is lower than the average at the state level for similar types of crimes.
B) Federal offenders are required to serve a higher percentage of their sentences than offenders at the state level.
C) The growth in the federal prison population is mainly driven by the increase in offenders sentenced for immigration crimes.
D) The percentage of federal offenders sentenced to probation has increased in the last 25 years.

Question 20

Socialization into the inmate subculture is encouraged by

A) an emphasis on treatment over custody.
B) the pains of imprisonment.
C) shorter prison terms.
D) reduced violations by correctional officers of use-of-force rules.

Question 21

What is the main reason for the perpetration of sexual assaults on male inmates?

A) Sex is being used as an expression of the aggressor's pathological personality.
B) Sex is a way for inmates to express frustration with their situation.
C) Sex is a vehicle for exploitation and degradation.
D) Sex is used as a means by which correctional officers can control inmates.

Question 22

Which of the following is not true regarding the Prison Rape Elimination Act?

A) It was the fourth law passed to deal with sexual assault in prison.
B) It calls for the gathering of national statistics about rape in prison.
C) It develops guidelines for states about how to address prisoner rape.
D) It provides grant funding to states to combat prison rape.

Question 23

Which of the following statements regarding elderly inmates is true?

A) Elderly inmates are more likely to be imprisoned for robbery and burglary than other prisoners.
B) Elderly inmates are more likely to have committed homicide and sexual offenses than other prisoners.
C) Elderly inmates are less likely to be granted early release than other inmates.
D) The proportion of prisoners who are elderly is decreasing due to programs such as Obamacare.

Question 24

Which of the following is not a problem that elderly inmates pose for correctional administrators?

A) Increased health care costs
B) Need for preventative health care programs
C) Exploitation by younger inmates
D) Increased violence by elderly inmates

Question 25

The majority of male inmates are incarcerated in federal prisons.

Question 26

Drug law violations account for almost half of all males in state correctional facilities today.

Question 27

The presence of institutional threat groups in prisons poses a potential danger to other inmates.

Question 28

Ongoing drug use within prison appears to be a fairly minor problem.

Question 29

The majority of jail inmates are unconvicted but have had prior convictions.

Question 30

Functional illiteracy contributes to involvement in crime.

Question 31

Rapid improvements in correctional system efficiency have contributed to the population boom in prisons.

Question 32

Sentence enhancements in many states have led to an increase in the U.S. prison population.

Question 33

Truth-in-sentencing laws have had a greater effect on population growth in state prisons than in federal prisons.

Question 34

The phenomenon of prisonization occurs only in correctional facilities that are poorly managed or otherwise compromised.

Question 35

Anticipatory socialization suggests that shorter prison terms would reduce the negative effects of prisonization.

Question 36

Male inmates are at greater risk of rape and sexual assault in prison than female inmates.

Question 37

Same-sex sexual assaults in prison are often made by heterosexual males for political reasons.

Question 38

The majority of states now permit conjugal visits as a way of reducing homosexual behavior in prison.

Question 39

The recent increase in the length of sentences has contributed to the graying of prisons.

Question 40

Elderly inmates are more likely than other offenders to be incarcerated for crimes such as robbery and burglary.

Question 41

The graying of American prisons is linked to an increase in the cost of incarceration.

Question 42

"Obamacare"
may reduce the willingness of states to permit early release of elderly inmates back into the community.

Question 43

Black males in the United States are incarcerated at ________ times the rate of whites.

Question 44

Prison overcrowding and the increase in the percentage of seriously dangerous offenders has led to the creation of the ________ prison.

Question 45

The most common cause of ________ in prison is natural causes.

Question 46

The term used to describe analogues of controlled substances manufactured by underground chemists is ________ drugs.

Question 47

Functional ________ contributes to the choice of crime as a means of economic survival.

Question 48

The most common cause of death in most jails is ________.

Question 49

The War on ________ has contributed to the increase in both male and female prison inmates.

Question 50

Males in the age range of 18 to 29 are considered the ________ at risk.

Question 51

The recent population shift from rural to urban areas has increased the ________ problem.

Question 52

Sentence ________, such as three-strikes legislation, has contributed to the growth of the prison population.

Question 53

The process by which new inmates and/or prison staff are socialized as members of the prison environment is known as ________.

Question 54

As they near the end of their prison sentence, inmates participate in ________ to prepare for participation in free-world activities.

Question 55

The federal Prison Rape ________ Act is designed to reduce sexual assaults in prison.

Question 56

Sex in prison is often a means of ________ rather than expressing situational frustration.

Question 57

Family or ________ visits are one way to allow inmates to maintain affectionate relationships while in prison.

Question 58

Correctional facilities designed specifically for elderly inmates are called ________ centers.

Question 59

Match the key term with its meaning .

-Population at risk

A) Facility for elderly inmates
B) Program designed to reinforce family ties
C) Having low-level education skills and the inability to read
D) Prison gang present in a correctional facility
E) Socialization into institutional culture
F) Individuals with a high-level potential for involvement in crime

Question 60

Match the key term with its meaning .

-Functional illiteracy

A) Facility for elderly inmates
B) Program designed to reinforce family ties
C) Having low-level education skills and the inability to read
D) Prison gang present in a correctional facility
E) Socialization into institutional culture
F) Individuals with a high-level potential for involvement in crime

Question 61

Match the key term with its meaning .

-Institutional threat group

A) Facility for elderly inmates
B) Program designed to reinforce family ties
C) Having low-level education skills and the inability to read
D) Prison gang present in a correctional facility
E) Socialization into institutional culture
F) Individuals with a high-level potential for involvement in crime

Question 62

Match the key term with its meaning .

-Prisonization

A) Facility for elderly inmates
B) Program designed to reinforce family ties
C) Having low-level education skills and the inability to read
D) Prison gang present in a correctional facility
E) Socialization into institutional culture
F) Individuals with a high-level potential for involvement in crime

Question 63

Match the key term with its meaning .

-Conjugal visits

A) Facility for elderly inmates
B) Program designed to reinforce family ties
C) Having low-level education skills and the inability to read
D) Prison gang present in a correctional facility
E) Socialization into institutional culture
F) Individuals with a high-level potential for involvement in crime

Question 64

Match the key term with its meaning .

-Geriatric center

A) Facility for elderly inmates
B) Program designed to reinforce family ties
C) Having low-level education skills and the inability to read
D) Prison gang present in a correctional facility
E) Socialization into institutional culture
F) Individuals with a high-level potential for involvement in crime

Question 65

Define functional illiteracy and explain why it is a problem in society. Discuss what prisons can do to reduce it, and explain why prison programs are not sufficient on their own.

Question 66

Why has the population of incarcerated males increased so substantially in recent years, and what might be done to alleviate this increase?

Question 67

Explain why the proportion of elderly inmates is increasing and identify the problems that this poses for this inmate population and for prison administrators.

Question 68

You have just been hired as a prison administrator and are concerned about the problem of prisonization in your institution. Prepare a memo discussing how you will deal with the problem of prisonization.