Deck 10: Reentry Programs and Parole

Question 1

Which of the following refers to the process of release preparation that begins within the institution and continues in the community?

A) Early release.
B) Transitioning.
C) Reentry.
D) Restitution.

Answer 1

Reentry.

Question 2

There are three broad categories of challenges that prisoners face when returning to the community. Into which category does finding affordable and stable housing fall?

A) Establishing structure and stability in a myriad of choices.
B) Choosing supportive relationships.
C) Connecting to social services and community agencies.
D) Reading, understanding, and implementing the Second Chance Act provisions.

Answer 2

Establishing structure and stability in a myriad of choices.

Question 3

The Second Chance Act was passed and reauthorized in order to help meet the goal of

A) assisting offenders in stabilizing their lives so they may eventually become fully independent.
B) providing more opportunities for victims to receive compensation for harm done to them.
C) securing convictions against multiple offenders.
D) identifying relapsed drug offenders and returning them to prison.

Answer 3

assisting offenders in stabilizing their lives so they may eventually become fully independent.

Question 4

There are three broad categories of challenges that prisoners face when returning to the community. Into which category does regaining legal and physical custody of children fall?

A) Establishing structure and stability in a myriad of choices.
B) Choosing supportive relationships.
C) Connecting to social services and community agencies.
D) Reading, understanding, and implementing the Second Chance Act provisions.

Question 5

There are three broad categories of challenges that prisoners face when returning to the community. Into which category does sobriety and recovery from alcohol or drug addiction fall?

A) Establishing structure and stability in a myriad of choices.
B) Choosing supportive relationships.
C) Connecting to social services and community agencies.
D) Reading, understanding, and implementing the Second Chance Act provisions.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT correct regarding GED programs and prison?

A) Since GED programs are not self-paced, inmates become bored or frustrated with the program.
B) Few inmates earn their GED while incarcerated.
C) Earning a GED while incarcerated seems to improve an ex-con's chances of securing post-release employment.
D) A GED does not seem to be enough to have a significant reduction in recidivism.

Question 7

________ is an innovative learning program wherein a seminar-style course is taken within a prison by both inmates and nearby college students.

A) InEd
B) Inside Out
C) Learn Now
D) Self-Starter

Question 8

Christie will be released on parole next month and she has a job interview tomorrow in a town eight hours from the prison. She will have to stay overnight before returning to prison. Which of the following will be most useful in getting Christie to her interview?

A) A furlough.
B) A prerelease center.
C) The Second Chance Act.
D) Uber for prisoners.

Question 9

Which program represents restorative justice principles by involving community members and treatment providers in the reentry process?

A) Day reporting centers.
B) Furlough stations.
C) Community reparation boards.
D) Prerelease centers.

Question 10

When prisoners are returned to the community without supervision they are said to have received a(n) ________ release.

A) preterm
B) conditional
C) unconditional
D) paroled

Question 11

A prisoner returning to the free community as a result of ________ is under unconditional release, whereas a prisoner returned to the free community as a result of ________ is under conditional release.

A) furlough / sentence expiration
B) sentence commutation / sentence expiration
C) discretionary parole / supervised mandatory release
D) sentence expiration / discretionary parole

Question 12

Which of the following describes the type of release from prison that occurs automatically when the prisoner has completed his or her maximum prison sentence less any goodtime credit the inmate has received?

A) Non-discretionary parole.
B) Supervised mandatory release.
C) Statute-required release.
D) Term-certain release.

Question 13

Which of the following involves a discretionary reduction of an offender's sentence length by a designated individual(s) in the executive branch (for example, the governor).

A) Curtailed parole.
B) Commutation of sentence.
C) Mitigated release.
D) Modified probation

Question 14

Alexander Maconochie is known for creating the "mark system." What is this?

A) The first stage upon one's arrival in prison when they are "marked" for failure.
B) A procedure by which the inmates could count down the days until their release.
C) A system by which inmates could accumulate "marks" or points that could be used to give the inmate greater freedom of movement and eventually early release.
D) A system of branding wherein the newly arrived inmate is "marked" as a convict.

Question 15

Sir Walter Crofton, director of the Irish prison system, created a procedure that allowed inmates to be released from prison before their actual sentence was completed. What term was applied to this forerunner to modern day parole?

A) Ticket-of-leave.
B) "Get out of jail" card.
C) Probation.
D) Early release.

Question 16

Members of a parole board are typically

A) elected.
B) appointed by the state governor.
C) civil servants who work for the department of corrections.
D) ex-convicts who have proven themselves to be rehabilitated.

Question 17

In addition to meeting the minimum eligibility requirements, a prisoner cannot be paroled without having

A) secured employment in the community.
B) secured housing in the community.
C) a majority of parole board members agreeing that the prisoner is ready for parole.
D) the governor's agreement.

Question 18

Many items considered by the parole board when deciding if a prisoner should be paroled are factors linked to the offender's past or factors within the offender's control. However, the parole board might also consider additional factors such as

A) the victim's wishes.
B) the level of support from the offender's family for such things as help with housing.
C) the need to make room in prison for newly arriving prisoners.
D) All of the above are additional factors that may be considered by the parole board.
E) None of the above, since the parole board is only allowed to take into consideration past behavior and factors within the offender's control.

Question 19

A parole ________ is typically used when parole is discretionary, whereas a parole ________ more often suggests the parole is mandatory.

A) agreement / order
B) plan / accord
C) order / agreement
D) accord / covenant

Question 20

Which of the following is TRUE regarding parole?

A) More than half of parolees are revoked and returned to prison.
B) Women on parole are more likely to be revoked than are men on parole.
C) Drug use was an uncommon behavior for those who were revoked.
D) Living near such places as bars and areas where drugs are sold does not seem to increase the risk of failure for parolees.

Question 21

Most parolees leave parole as a result of

A) absconding.
B) transfer to other jurisdictions.
C) revocation.
D) successful discharge.

Question 22

The process of release preparation that begins within the institution and continues with community supervision is called rebound readiness.

Question 23

The model reentry process developed by the National Institute of Corrections to help state corrections departments develop their own transition program has its starting point in prison rather than in the community.

Question 24

Professionals who work with ex-offenders report that the desire to remain free is usually enough by itself to keep a person from committing a new crime.

Question 25

Research findings show that participating in a reentry program reduces recidivism over nonparticipation.

Question 26

Federal prisoners are generally less educated at admission than are state prisoners.

Question 27

At one time prisoners could receive federal Pell grants to provide assistance when taking college classes, but those benefits were discontinued as being too controversial.

Question 28

Examples of vocational programs for women in prison include cosmetology, sewing, custodial and food preparation while programs for males include auto repair, business, and computers.

Question 29

Becoming certified in a trade while incarcerated is related to higher pay and less recidivism for former offenders after release.

Question 30

According to a recent meta-analysis comparing educational programs with vocational programs, educational-but not vocational-programs effectively reduced recidivism.

Question 31

For purposes of post-release employment, a GED certificate is more marketable than vocational programs.

Question 32

A prerelease center is a maximum-security lock-down facility that houses prisoners who have been sentenced to no parole.

Question 33

A furlough is an authorized temporary overnight leave of absence that lasts 24 to 72 hours.

Question 34

Community reparation boards are valuable in that they help offenders reenter society by helping with jobs, housing, and counseling.

Question 35

There are four ways to be released from prison and all four require some form of supervision in the community.

Question 36

Brian has been released from prison under discretionary parole. This is an example of unconditional release.

Question 37

Parole boards routinely use scoring instruments to help them assess a prisoner's risk.

Question 38

The length of time a person is on parole varies considerably, but the average time is one to two years.

Question 39

________ is a process of release preparation that begins within the institution and continues in the community.

Question 40

A disproportionately high number of prisoners and jail inmates have a(n) ________ learning disability.

Question 41

About 33% of male inmates participate in ________ training programs at some point in their sentence, but only 4% of women prisoners complete such programs while incarcerated.

Question 42

A(n) ________ center is a minimum-security prison-based or community-based facility that houses either prisoners who have not yet been granted parole or prisoners who have met with the parole board and been promised a future parole date.

Question 43

A community ________ board is designed to facilitate the involvement of community members in an offender's reentry to society.

Question 44

A prisoner who receives a temporary overnight leave of absence lasting 24 to 72 hours has been given a(n) ________.

Question 45

A(n) ________ release from prison may occur as the result of either discretionary parole or mandatory supervision.

Question 46

Developed by Captain Alexander Maconochie, the ________ system rewarded positive behavior and work ethics.

Question 47

A three-stage incremental process that eventually resulted in release through a ticket-of-leave is known as the ________ system.

Question 48

To be granted parole, the prisoner must meet minimum eligibility requirements and must have his or her release supported by a majority of the parole ________.

Question 49

When the parole is discretionary, the offender signs a parole ________ whereas a parole order is more often signed when parole in mandatory.

Question 50

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Unconditional release

A) A group that involves community members in an offender's reentry to society.
B) An authorized temporary overnight leave of absence from prison lasting 24 to 72 hours.
C) A minimum-security prison-based or community-based facility housing prisoners who have not yet been granted parole or who have been promised a future parole date.
D) The process of release preparation that begins within the institution and continues with community supervision.

Question 51

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Commutation of sentence

A) A group that involves community members in an offender's reentry to society.
B) An authorized temporary overnight leave of absence from prison lasting 24 to 72 hours.
C) A minimum-security prison-based or community-based facility housing prisoners who have not yet been granted parole or who have been promised a future parole date.
D) The process of release preparation that begins within the institution and continues with community supervision.

Question 52

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Sentence expiration

A) A group that involves community members in an offender's reentry to society.
B) An authorized temporary overnight leave of absence from prison lasting 24 to 72 hours.
C) A minimum-security prison-based or community-based facility housing prisoners who have not yet been granted parole or who have been promised a future parole date.
D) The process of release preparation that begins within the institution and continues with community supervision.

Question 53

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Discretionary parole

A) A group that involves community members in an offender's reentry to society.
B) An authorized temporary overnight leave of absence from prison lasting 24 to 72 hours.
C) A minimum-security prison-based or community-based facility housing prisoners who have not yet been granted parole or who have been promised a future parole date.
D) The process of release preparation that begins within the institution and continues with community supervision.

Question 54

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Supervised mandatory parole

A) A group that involves community members in an offender's reentry to society.
B) An authorized temporary overnight leave of absence from prison lasting 24 to 72 hours.
C) A minimum-security prison-based or community-based facility housing prisoners who have not yet been granted parole or who have been promised a future parole date.
D) The process of release preparation that begins within the institution and continues with community supervision.

Question 55

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Prerelease center

A) A group that involves community members in an offender's reentry to society.
B) An authorized temporary overnight leave of absence from prison lasting 24 to 72 hours.
C) A minimum-security prison-based or community-based facility housing prisoners who have not yet been granted parole or who have been promised a future parole date.
D) The process of release preparation that begins within the institution and continues with community supervision.

Question 56

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Furlough

A) A group that involves community members in an offender's reentry to society.
B) An authorized temporary overnight leave of absence from prison lasting 24 to 72 hours.
C) A minimum-security prison-based or community-based facility housing prisoners who have not yet been granted parole or who have been promised a future parole date.
D) The process of release preparation that begins within the institution and continues with community supervision.

Question 57

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Community reparation board

A) A group that involves community members in an offender's reentry to society.
B) An authorized temporary overnight leave of absence from prison lasting 24 to 72 hours.
C) A minimum-security prison-based or community-based facility housing prisoners who have not yet been granted parole or who have been promised a future parole date.
D) The process of release preparation that begins within the institution and continues with community supervision.

Question 58

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Reentry

A) A group that involves community members in an offender's reentry to society.
B) An authorized temporary overnight leave of absence from prison lasting 24 to 72 hours.
C) A minimum-security prison-based or community-based facility housing prisoners who have not yet been granted parole or who have been promised a future parole date.
D) The process of release preparation that begins within the institution and continues with community supervision.

Question 59

Explain the elements of most prison reentry programs. What do prisoners need help with?

Question 60

Distinguish between conditional and unconditional release from prison and give two examples of each type.

Question 61

List three categories of factors that a parole board may consider when deciding a prisoner's suitability for parole. Give an example of what might be considered under each category.

Question 62

Should prisoners be able to receive federal funds such as Pell grants to help defray the costs of taking college classes while they are in prison?

Question 63

Should women prisoners be required to take vocational training programs that are most likely to provide a livable income after their return to the community?