Deck 7: Communicating in Social and Professional Relationships

Question 1

Having strong ______________ ties with friends, neighbors, co-workers, and others improves the quality of our life in multiple ways.

A) personal
B) social
C) relational
D) friendly

Answer 1

social

Question 2

Which theory says that each of us is born with a drive to seek, form, maintain, and protect strong social relationships?

A) Need to belong
B) Social relationship
C) Social exchange
D) Interaction

Answer 2

Need to belong

Question 3

Which of the following is one of the reasons why solitary confinement is considered such a harsh punishment for prisoners?

A) Interacting only with people for whom we have no real feelings is unrewarding.
B) Most of us aren't satisfied if we have emotionally close relationships with people we don't get to see.
C) Being cut off from social interaction can be physically and psychologically devastating.
D) We develop many of our important relationships in face-to-face contexts.

Answer 3

Being cut off from social interaction can be physically and psychologically devastating.

Question 4

Which statement is TRUE about relationships formed online?

A) We develop our most important and significant relationships in face-to-face contexts, not online.
B) People who develop relationships online are stigmatized as lacking self-confidence and social skills.
C) Our need to belong can be met entirely through online relationships.
D) Online relationships are often just as close and involve just as frequent communication as our face-to-face relationships do.

Question 5

Lydia maintains her Facebook page, posting updates regularly and commenting on her friends' posts. She also IMs and e-mails the same group of friends. She maintains her most important friendships not only in person, but online as well. What motivates Lydia's use of communication technology?

A) Relational wants
B) Need to belong
C) Interaction needs
D) Social skills

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a major reason adolescents use instant messaging?

A) Breaking up with someone
B) Making plans with friends
C) Keeping track of social life
D) Playing a trick on someone

Question 7

_________________ means using the Internet to inflict emotional or psychological harm on someone.

A) Bullying
B) Bully-texting
C) Online bullying
D) Cyberbullying

Question 8

In 2010, high school student Phoebe Prince endured weeks of classmates allegedly calling her "Irish whore" online and using posts on Facebook to encourage Phoebe to kill herself. By all reports, Phoebe became scared to be alone at school or to walk alone. Tragically, as a result of this ________________, Phoebe committed suicide by hanging herself.

A) cyberbullying
B) bullying
C) negative behavior
D) miscommunication

Question 9

Social relationships bring us what three types of rewards?

A) Emotional, material, and relational
B) Relational, material, and health
C) Emotional, psychological, and health
D) Emotional, material, and health

Question 10

Sydney is getting ready to have a baby. Though she is very excited, she is also a bit nervous and doesn't know what to expect. Sydney's friends throw her a surprise baby shower, where they celebrate her upcoming arrival and reassure her that all will go well. Sydney's friends are providing what kinds of rewards by supporting and celebrating with her?

A) Emotional
B) Health
C) Material
D) Physiological

Question 11

Examples of ___________ rewards include empathy, support, and happiness.

A) health
B) relational
C) emotional
D) material

Question 12

Tara is moving to a new apartment across town. Several of her friends come with their trucks and help her move her belongings to her new place. They stay to help her unpack and get settled as well. Tara is experiencing what type of rewards from her friendships?

A) Health
B) Material
C) Emotional
D) Task

Question 13

When we experience _______________ rewards, our needs for items such as money, food, and shelter are being met by our social relationships.

A) material
B) health
C) basic
D) task

Question 14

Research suggests that close relationships help people manage the negative effects of stress because social relationships bring ______________ rewards.

A) material
B) basic
C) health
D) personal

Question 15

Social relationships carry ___________ as well as rewards.

A) needs
B) problems
C) wants
D) costs

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT an example of a cost in a social relationship?

A) The expense involved in going on a road trip with friends
B) Having friends listen to you talk about what's going on in your life
C) The time spent with a friend
D) Helping a friend move to his new apartment

Question 17

Which theory explains why individuals are drawn to others?

A) Social exchange
B) Relational maintenance
C) Attraction
D) Uncertainty reduction

Question 18

If you like your new classmate because of her funny and bright personality, you are experiencing ________ attraction.

A) social
B) task
C) physical
D) interpersonal

Question 19

Cameron really likes his new roommate, Tom. Tom is clean, always picks up after himself, and pitches in when it is time to cook dinner. Cameron also appreciates that Tom is a great karaoke partner when they go to the karaoke bar on Tuesday nights. Cameron is experiencing which type of attraction to Tom?

A) Social
B) Physical
C) Interpersonal
D) Task

Question 20

Because humans are visually oriented, we are attracted by _______________, which often motivates us to get to know someone better.

A) appearance
B) similarity
C) complementarity
D) proximity

Question 21

Were more likely to form attraction, particularly social and task attraction, with people we see often because we are attracted by

A) appearance.
B) similarity.
C) complementarity.
D) proximity.

Question 22

Amy's daughter has been attending a particular preschool for two years. Amy has formed bonds with many of the other mothers in her daughter's class. They have regular play dates and even a few "ladies' nights" without the children. Amy genuinely enjoys the time she spends with the other mothers. What most likely attracts her to the other mothers?

A) Complementarity
B) Proximity
C) Appearance
D) Lifestyle

Question 23

Which word best encompasses the idea that we are attracted to others who are like us?

A) Appearance
B) Complementarity
C) Similarity
D) Proximity

Question 24

The saying "opposites attract"might seem true because we are attracted by

A) Proximity
B) Appearance
C) Complementarity
D) Similarity

Question 25

Numerous studies have shown that in general we find ______________ to be more attractive than complementarities.

A) proximity
B) appearance
C) task orientations
D) similarities

Question 26

Culture has the strongest influence on how we define ___________________ attractiveness.

A) social
B) physical
C) interpersonal
D) task

Question 27

When you first meet someone, ____________________ theory suggests you will find your lack of information about that person to be unpleasant, so you'll be motivated to find out more information.

A) uncertainty reduction
B) attraction
C) relational maintenance
D) social exchange

Question 28

Arwan thinks his classmate Jasmine is attractive. He invites her for coffee after class, where they discuss basic information, such as what they like to do and where they live. They spend more time together over a period of several months, and Arwan learns more personal information about Jasmine. He also gets to know what she is thinking or feeling simply by observing her nonverbal cues such as the tone of her voice or her facial expressions. He finds himself liking Jasmine the more he learns about her. Which theory best represents Arwan's experience?

A) Attraction
B) Uncertainty reduction
C) Social exchange
D) Relational maintenance

Question 29

Liking your brother's best friend the more you get to know him is a reflection of the ______________ theory.

A) social exchange
B) relational maintenance
C) uncertainty reduction
D) attraction

Question 30

The guiding principle of ______________ theory is that people seek to maintain relationships in which their benefits outweigh their costs.

A) social exchange
B) equity
C) uncertainty reduction
D) relational maintenance

Question 31

If you believe that friends should always be there for you and support you even if they disagree with your decisions, that is your _______________ for friendship.

A) social exchange
B) equity
C) comparison level for alternatives
D) comparison level

Question 32

Shannon and Emilio have been dating for three months. Though Shannon is happy with Emilio and she feels he treats her very well, she is excited to hear through the grapevine that Travis is also interested in her. Shannon finds Travis more attractive and exciting than Emilio, and after some thought, breaks up with Emilio to date Travis. Shannon most likely used her _____________ to make the decision.

A) comparison level
B) conscience
C) comparison level for alternatives
D) equity theory

Question 33

Your _____________ for a particular relationship can strongly influence how satisfied you are in that relationship.

A) happiness
B) comparison level
C) comparison level for alternatives
D) social exchange

Question 34

Gia's best friend Michelle can be very critical. More often than not, she is angry with Gia, or is ignoring her. Despite her other friends' repeated pleas to end the abusive relationship, Gia sticks it out. Though she finds Michelle's behavior hurtful, she can't reconcile this behavior with the fact that Michelle can be kind and thoughtful as well. She also believes that Michelle understands her better than anyone else. Which theory provides an explanation for why Gia maintains a relationship that appears to others to be too costly?

A) Social exchange
B) Attraction
C) Equity
D) Uncertainty reduction

Question 35

What theory maintains that a good relationship is one in which your ratio of costs and rewards is equal to your partner's.

A) Social exchange
B) Attraction
C) Equity
D) Uncertainty reduction

Question 36

Stavros and Craig have been friends and roommates for many years. Lately, Stavros has been feeling dissatisfied in the relationship. He notices that Craig discusses his personal problems, but he never seems to have time to listen to Stavros's problems. Craig has a tendency not to clean up after himself, and he's quick to borrow "a few bucks", but never seems to repay the money. According to equity theory, Stavros is feeling dissatisfied in the relationship because he is

A) over-benefitted.
B) over-looked.
C) under-looked.
D) under-benefitted.

Question 37

Once you've formed a relationship with someone and you are both satisfied with its costs and rewards, you'll want to keep the relationship strong so it can grow and thrive, according to ______________ theory.

A) social exchange
B) relational maintenance
C) attraction
D) equity

Question 38

Lucie and Sophie have been best friends for so many years that they know one another's families, co-workers, and other friends. They are equally welcome in all circles. Lucie and Sophie have used what relational maintenance behavior?

A) Convergence
B) Sharing tasks
C) Assurance
D) Openness

Question 39

If you don't hesitate to give your friend a ride to school when her car breaks down because you know she would do the same for you, you are engaging in what relational maintenance behavior?

A) Convergence
B) Assurance
C) Social networking
D) Sharing tasks

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT one of the five relational maintenance behaviors?

A) Positivity
B) Assurances
C) Support
D) Openness

Question 41

Which of the following describes the act of intentionally giving others information about ourselves that we believe to be true, but we think they don't already have?

A) Social penetration
B) Self-disclosure
C) Social disclosure
D) Self-revelation

Question 42

If during your speech you reveal to the class your mother died of cancer, you have used which of the following?

A) Self-disclosure
B) Openness
C) Trust
D) Revelation

Question 43

When McKenzie has a glass of wine, she has a tendency to share things with her friends she does not mean to share. The last time they went out, McKenzie told them some embarrassing details of her teenage years, and she was mortified when they teased her about it the next day. Why does McKenzie's sharing of this information not count as self-disclosure?

A) It varies in breadth and depth.
B) It is not intentional.
C) It is not truthful.
D) It varies among relationships.

Question 44

___________ theory is a good illustration of how self-disclosure over time is like peeling away the layers of an onion: each self-disclosure helps us to learn more about the person.

A) Equity
B) Relational maintenance
C) Social exchange
D) Social penetration

Question 45

Kevin and Lily are classmates and have known each other for a few semesters. They meet frequently for lunch after classes and they talk about a wide range of topics. However, Kevin has noticed that Lily likes to gossip, sharing others' secrets with him. He is guarded with how much information he shares with her, for fear she will share it with others. According to social penetration theory, Kevin's self-disclosure has ___________ but not depth.

A) variety
B) range
C) breadth
D) difference

Question 46

Breadth and depth are two important components of _______________ theory.

A) social penetration
B) relational maintenance
C) attraction
D) social exchange

Question 47

Acquaintanceships with casual friends at work or school could be characterized by breadth of disclosure but very little depth; however, close friendships involve a higher degree of both breadth and depth. Which statement best explains why this is?

A) Self-disclosure is usually reciprocal.
B) Self-disclosure is influenced by cultural and gender roles.
C) Self-disclosure is intentional.
D) Self-disclosure varies among relationships.

Question 48

Zach discloses very personal medical information to his therapist, yet does not expect the therapist to confide in him. However, when he discloses to his friends, he does expect them to share information with him in exchange for his disclosures. What norm do Zach's expectations about disclosure reflect?

A) Norm of return
B) Norm of reciprocity
C) Norm of social exchange
D) Norm of sharing

Question 49

Li Ming is sometimes offended by her American's friends' easy and open self-disclosure. In her family in China, discretion is valued, and she wouldn't be comfortable disclosing personal information to anyone except a family member or romantic partner. Li Ming is discovering that self-disclosure

A) is influenced by cultural roles.
B) varies among relationships.
C) varies in breadth and depth.
D) is intentional.

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of self-disclosure?

A) Emotional release
B) Reciprocity
C) Professional development
D) Assistance to others

Question 51

Sometimes the best part of self-disclosing is just the feeling of "getting something off your chest", which could be described as what kind of benefit?

A) Reciprocity
B) Emotional release
C) Enhancement of trust
D) Assistance to others

Question 52

When Mason's father dies, he feels alone, despite being surrounded by family and friends. He thinks no one understands how he feels, being without a father. After the funeral, Mason's friend Jayden pulls him aside to share with him how his own father died two years ago. Mason feels reassured that he is not alone and that Jayden can truly understand how he feels. In this instance, Jayden used self-disclosure as __________ Mason.

A) enhancement to the relationship with
B) reciprocity with
C) emotional release for
D) assistance to

Question 53

Which of the following is a risk of self-disclosure?

A) Reciprocity
B) Emotional release
C) Obligating others
D) Assistance to others

Question 54

Rejection, chance of obligating others, hurt to others, and violation of other people's property are all _____________ of self-disclosure.

A) benefits
B) side-effects
C) results
D) risks

Question 55

Helen finds and reads her sister's diary. She tells her best friend some of the things she read, and though Helen swears her best friend to secrecy, Helen is most likely not aware of which negative aspect of self-disclosure?

A) Violation of other people's privacy
B) Hurt to others
C) Chance of obligating others
D) Rejection

Question 56

Which of the following is one of the defining characteristics of a friendship?

A) Positive
B) Voluntary
C) Open
D) Contextual

Question 57

Because friendships are ______________, not only do we have to interact with that person to form the friendship, we have to use relational maintenance behaviors such as openness, positivity, and network convergence to maintain the relationship.

A) life-long
B) challenging
C) social exchanges
D) voluntary

Question 58

A ________ is someone who is similar to you in power or status.

A) friend
B) classmate
C) peer
D) subordinate

Question 59

By being someone's friend, you acknowledge (at least implicitly) that you expect certain things from that person and that he or she can expect certain things from you, because

A) friends are usually peers.
B) friendships are governed by rules.
C) friendships are influenced by expectations.
D) friendships differ by sex.

Question 60

Reilly and Karissa have been friends for years. When they are together, they spend a lot of time catching up and sharing their feelings about recent events in their lives. However, when Reilly spends time with another friend, Andrew, she notices they spend more time bonding through activities such as mini-golfing and surfing, and they often flirt and make jokes of a sexual nature. These differences in Reilly's friendships illustrate the theory that

A) friendships differ by culture.
B) friendships are influenced by expectations.
C) friendships are usually stronger with peers.
D) friendships differ by sex.

Question 61

Which statement is NOT true about opposite-sex friendships?

A) Opposite-sex friendships closely mirror same-sex friendships.
B) Many opposite-sex friends feel some degree of physical or romantic attraction toward each other.
C) Many opposite-sex friends have specific reasons for not wanting their friendship to evolve into a romantic relationship.
D) Research suggests that both men and women value opposite-sex friendships as a chance to see things from each other's perspective.

Question 62

Many public agencies and private corporations expect specific communication behaviors from their employees. These might include all of the following, EXCEPT

A) communicating honestly.
B) listening attentively.
C) using effective intrapersonal communication.
D) treating people with dignity.

Question 63

Workplace friendships are usually ____________ to control than regular friendships.

A) easier
B) more challenging
C) about the same
D) more fun

Question 64

The most likely opportunity for forming friendships at work arises with respect to whom?

A) Superiors
B) Subordinates
C) Clients
D) Co-workers

Question 65

Stephen and Tim are co-workers with a strong friendship outside of the workplace. They are working in the same-level position, and when a supervisory position becomes available, they both apply. Stephen is disappointed when he finds out that Tim got the promotion, because he feels that he is more qualified and has been at the company longer. However, because of the ________________ dimension of their relationship, Stephen acts happy and voices his support for Stephen.

A) social
B) task
C) friendship
D) reward

Question 66

Friendships between _______________________ are considerably more complicated than other workplace relationships, because they include a power difference.

A) coworkers
B) employees and clients
C) superiors and subordinates
D) superiors and clients

Question 67

In superior-subordinate relationships in the workplace, it is best if the parties do all of the following EXCEPT what?

A) Acknowledge that their friendship and their work relationship might conflict.
B) Agree to keep their friendship and their work relationship as separate as they can.
C) Acknowledge the possibility of conflicts.
D) Establishing their expectations for how to address clashes of interest only after such clashes occur.

Question 68

In the workplace, your _____________ may be your friends, but they still expect you to furnish a high-quality service or product, and you still expect them to provide full and prompt payment.

A) co-workers
B) customers
C) subordinates
D) employees

Question 69

A personal friendship with customers can be successful if the friends agree that their ________________ relationship is separate and should be treated accordingly.

A) professional
B) co-worker
C) subordinate
D) social