Deck 5: Ionic and Metallic Bonds

Question 1

Which of the following sets of elements is arranged in order of increasing
Metallic character?

A) Al < Cs < Sr
B) Ba < Sr < Ca
C) Na < Mg < Al
D) Al < Ca < Ba
E) none of these

Answer 1

Al < Ca < Ba

Question 2

Which of the following metals is the most "active," the metal which should react most rapidly with oxygen or water vapor in the atmosphere?

A) Be
B) Ca
C) Ba
D) Al
E) Ga

Answer 2

Ba

Question 3

Which of the following metals would be the most reactive towards air and water?

A) Ca
B) Al
C) Ag
D) Sn
E) Pb

Answer 3

Ca

Question 4

Predict the formula of the neutral ionic compound formed from K⁺ and S^2-.

A) KS
B) K₂S
C) KS₃
D) K₂S₃
E) none of these

Question 5

Predict the formula of the neutral ionic compound formed from Mg²⁺ and PO₄^3-.

A) MgPO₄
B) Mg₃PO₄
C) Mg(PO₄)₂
D) Mg₃(PO₄)₂
E) none of these

Question 6

Predict the formula of the electrically neutral compound formed from the
Following ions: Ca²⁺ and PO₄^3-.

A) CaPO₄
B) Ca₂PO₄
C) Ca₃(PO₄)₂
D) Ca₂(PO₄)₃
E) none of these

Question 7

Predict the formula of the electrically neutral compound formed from the following ions: K⁺ and CrO₄^2-.

A) KCrO₄
B) K(CrO₄)₂
C) K₃(CrO₄)₂
D) K₂(CrO₄)₃
E) none of these

Question 8

Predict the formula of the ionic compound formed between an aluminum cation, Al³⁺, and a carbonate polyatomic anion.

A) AlCO₃
B) Al₃CO₃
C) Al₂CO₃
D) Al₃(CO₃)₂
E) Al₂(CO₃)₃

Question 9

A mineral called montmorillonite will catalyze some interesting reactions. The formula of one type of montmorillonite is NaCa₄(Si₂O₅)₄F. If Na has a charge of +1, Ca has a charge of +2, and F has a charge of -1, what is the charge on each Si₂O₅ complex ion?

A) +2
B) +3
C) -2
D) +4
E) -4

Question 10

Aluminum chlorhydrate is added to antiperspirants to stop people from sweating. If this compound contains neutral H₂O molecules and Al³⁺, OH^-, and Cl^- ions, and the formula of this compound is Al_x(OH)₅Cl • 2 H₂O, what is the value of x in this formula?

A) 0.5
B) 1
C) 1.5
D) 2
E) 3

Question 11

Predict the formulas for neutral compounds containing the following pairs of ions.

A) H⁺ and O₂^2-
B) Zn²⁺ and PO₄^3-
C) K⁺ and [PtCl6]2^-

Question 12

What is the formula of the neutral compound which might be formed from P⁵⁺ and S^2-?

A) PS
B) PS₂
C) PS₃
D) P₂S₅
E) P₅S₂

Question 13

If the formula for aluminum oxide is Al₂O₃, what would be the formulas for
aluminum fluoride and aluminum sulfide?

Question 14

What is the charge on the [Co(NO₂)₆]^x ion if this complex ion is formed by combining Co³⁺ and NO₂^- ions?

A) +3
B) 0
C) -3
D) -6
E) -12

Question 15

A main-group $\underline{\text{ metal }}$ reacts with hydrogen and oxygen to form compounds with the formulas XH₄ and XO₂ (X represents the metal). In which group of the periodic table does this element belong?

A) IA
B) IIA
C) IIIA
D) IVA
E) none of these

Question 16

What is the most likely charge for a calcium ion?

A) -2
B) -1
C) 0
D) +1
E) +2

Question 17

Which of the following elements would be the most likely to form an oxide with the formula XO and a hydride with the formula XH₂ (X represents the unknown element)?

A) Na
B) Mg
C) Al
D) Si
E) P

Question 18

An element, X, forms the ionic compound CaX. X is a member of:

A) Group IA
B) Group IIA
C) Group IVA
D) Group VIA
E) Group VIIA

Question 19

Magnesium metal reacts with hydrogen gas to form a white solid

Question 20

Which element is hydrogen most like to combine with to form a hydride?

A) C
B) S
C) N
D) Na
E) O

Question 21

What is the most likely electronic configuration of the Co²⁺ ion?

A) [Ar]3d⁷
B) [Ar]4s²3d⁷
C) [Ar]4s²3d⁵
D) [Kr]5s²4d⁷
E) None of the above

Question 22

What is the most likely electronic configuration of the Ru²⁺ ion?

A) [Kr]4d⁶
B) [Kr]5s²4d⁶
C) [Kr]5s²4d⁴
D) [Ar]4s²3d⁶
E) None of the above

Question 23

An element reacts with hydrogen and oxygen to form ionic compounds with the formulas MH₄ and MO₂. In which group of the periodic table does this element, M, belong?

A) IIA
B) IVA
C) VA
D) VIA
E) VIIA

Question 24

What group of metals react with sulfur to form M₂S₃ sulfides, reacts with fluorine to form MF₃ fluorides, and react with acid to form M³⁺ ions and H₂ gas?

A) IA
B) IIA
C) IIIA
D) IVA
E) VA

Question 25

Which of the following elements would be the most likely to react with hydrogen to form a compound with the formula XH (X represents the metal)?

A) Na
B) Mg
C) Al
D) Si
E) P

Question 26

The two most common ions of copper are Cu¹⁺ and Cu²⁺. Give the most likely electron configuration of each of these ions.

Question 27

Which ionic compound contains the superoxide ion?

A) CaO₂
B) LiO₂
C) Na₂O₂
D) H₂O₂
E) BaO

Question 28

Which ionic compound contains the peroxide ion?

A) CaO
B) LiO₂
C) Na₂O₂
D) Na₂O
E) None of the above

Question 29

Which of the following is the most likely product of the reaction between magnesium metal and nitrogen?

A) MgN
B) Mg₂N
C) MgN₂
D) Mg₂N₃
E) Mg₃N₂

Question 30

Use the positions of gallium and oxygen in the periodic table to predict the
Formula for gallium oxide.

A) GaO
B) GaO₂
C) GaO₃
D) Ga₂O
E) Ga₂O₃

Question 31

Predict the product of the following reaction: Sr(s) + P₄(s).

A) SrP
B) SrP₂
C) SrP₃
D) Sr₂P₃
E) Sr₃P₂

Question 32

What would be the product of the reaction between aluminum metal and sulfur?

A) AlS
B) Al₂S
C) AlS₂
D) AlS₃
E) Al₂S₃

Question 33

What compound is formed by the reaction of Na with P₄?

A) NaP₃
B) Na₃P
C) NaP₂
D) Na₂P
E) NaP

Question 34

Use the positions of silicon and fluorine in the periodic table to predict the most likely product of the reaction between silicon and fluorine.

A) SiF
B) SiF₂
C) SiF₄
D) Si₂F
E) Si₃F₄

Question 35

Predict the product of the reaction between barium and nitrogen.

A) BaN
B) BaN₂
C) Ba₂N
D) BaN₃
E) none of these

Question 36

An element X forms a compound with oxygen, X₂O₃, and with hydrogen, XH₃. The element X must be in which group in the periodic table?

A) IA
B) IIA
C) IIIA
D) IVA
E) VIA

Question 37

In Chapter 4 we were able to determine the geometric shape and resulting polarity of individual covalent molecules. In Chapter 5 we did not do this for ionic and metallic compounds. Why not?

A) Ionic and metallic compounds exist as three dimensional networks not as individual molecules.
B) The electrons in ionic compounds are transferred rather than being shared as in covalent compounds.
C) The difference in electronegativities of the bonded atoms is usually greater in ionic than in covalent and metallic compounds.
D) Covalent molecules are much larger than ionic compounds.
E) all of these

Question 38

If the difference in electronegativity between two elements in a compound is very small (less then 0.2), can you safely conclude that the compound formed from the two elements is covalent?

A) Yes, because a small difference in electronegativity always indicates that a compound is covalent.
B) No, because covalent compounds are formed between two elements with a large difference in electronegativity.
C) Electronegativity has nothing to do with whether a bond is covalent or not.
D) No, because a metallic compound could also be formed between two elements with a small difference in electronegativity.
E) None of the above are correct.

Question 39

Compare and contrast (what is the same and what is different) the distribution of electrons in covalent, ionic and metallic bonds.

Question 40

The bond-type triangle can be used for


-Based on the bond-type triangle, which of these covalent compounds has the greatest ionic character?

A) NCl₃
B) SCl₂
C) ICl
D) HCl
E) SiC

Question 41

The bond-type triangle can be used for


-Using a bond-type triangle, predict which of the following compounds would have approximately 50% ionic bonding and 50% covalent bonding.

A) AlCl₃
B) Li₃As
C) AlAs
D) BN
E) none of these

Question 42

The bond-type triangle can be used for


-Describe what happens to the distribution of electrons in the bond between two elements as you move from left to right on a bond-type triangle. Describe what happens to the distribution of the electrons in a bond between two elements as you move from the bottom to the top of a bond-type triangle.

Question 43

The bond-type triangle can be used for


-Use a bond-type triangle to predict the correct arrangement of the following compounds in order of increasing covalent character.
Mg Zn₂, CCl₄, SiH₄

A) Mg Zn₂ < CCl₄ < SiH₄
B) CCl₄ < Mg Zn₂ < SiH₄
C) CCl₄ < SiH₄ < Mg Zn₂
D) MgZn₂ < SiH₄ < CCl₄
E) none of these

Question 44

The bond-type triangle can be used for


-Use a bond-type triangle to describe the bonding in CaH₂.

A) pure ionic
B) pure covalent
C) pure metallic
D) significant amount of both ionic and covalent character
E) significant amount of both ionic and metallic character

Question 45

The bond-type triangle can be used for


-As you move from the bottom to the top on a bond-type triangle, _________.

A) the solids can increasingly be described as an array of cations in a sea of electrons
B) compounds exist mostly as gases
C) the solid compounds become more conductive
D) the electron density in a bond is increasingly shared between two atoms, rather than being transferred
E) the electrons in a bond are transferred from one atom to another, rather than being shared

Question 46

The bond-type triangle can be used for


-According to the supplied bond-type triangle, which of the following compounds is most likely to conduct electricity as a solid?

A) SO₂
B) MgBr₂
C) CdLi
D) NCl₃
E) N₂F₂

Question 47

The bond-type triangle can be used for


-Based on the given bond-type triangle, what is the highest possible average electronegativity a compound can have and still retain some metallic character?

A) Approximately 2.9
B) Approximately 2.7
C) Approximately 1.9
D) Approximately 1.4
E) A compound can have metallic character at any average electronegativity.

Question 48

Determine the oxidation number of sulfur in potassium sulfate, K₂SO₄.

A) +2
B) +4
C) +6
D) +8
E) none of these

Question 49

Determine the oxidation number of the carbon in bold in the following compound: CH₃CCl₃.

A) 0
B) -3
C) +1
D) +3
E) none of these

Question 50

Determine the oxidation number of sulfur in sulfurous acid, H₂SO₃.

A) +6
B) +4
C) +2
D) -2
E) none of these

Question 51

Determine the oxidation number of the central carbon atom in the following compound.

A) +2
B) -2
C) +4
D) -4
E) none of these

Question 52

Determine the oxidation number of chlorine in NaClO₃.

A) -1
B) +1
C) +3
D) +7
E) none of these

Question 53

Determine the oxidation number of the second (bolded) carbon in CH₃CH₂NH₂.

A) -1
B) +1
C) +3
D) -3
E) none of these

Question 54

Which of the following compounds has sulfur in a +6 oxidation state?

A) SO₂
B) H₂S
C) H₂SO₃
D) H₂SO₄
E) H₂S₂O₃

Question 55

What is the maximum possible oxidation state of a P atom?

A) +2
B) +3
C) +4
D) +5
E) none of the above

Question 56

What is the oxidation state of the Mo atom in Li₂MoO₄?

A) 0
B) +2
C) +4
D) +5
E) +6

Question 57

All but one of the following species contains nitrogen in the same oxidation state. Which one is different?

A) HNO₂
B) NH₂^-
C) NH₃
D) NH₄Cl
E) Na₃N

Question 58

Which compounds contain hydrogen in a negative oxidation state?

(I) H₂S (II) PH₄⁺ (III) LiAlH₄ (IV) CH₄ (V) CaH₂

A) I, II and IV
B) II, III and IV
C) III and IV
D) III and V
E) none of these contain hydrogen in a negative oxidation state

Question 59

Honda and Toyota both sell hybrid cars that have engines that can run on either gasoline or electricity stored in a battery. The advantage of hybrid cars is simple: Totally electric cars need batteries that weigh almost as much as the vehicle! It isn't surprising that a high priority is the search for better batteries. Barium ferrate (BaFeO₄) is being tested for use in batteries. Use the positions of barium and oxygen in the periodic table to predict the oxidation state of the iron atom in this compound.

A) +2
B) +3
C) +4
D) +6
E) +8

Question 60

Lithium ion batteries are high energy density 3.6 V batteries that use a
Lithium salt such as LiCoO₂ or LiPF₆ for the positive electrode, or cathode. Use the positions of lithium and fluorine in the periodic table to predict the oxidation state of the phosphorus atom in LiPF₆.

A) +1
B) +2
C) +3
D) +4
E) +5

Question 61

In the following redox reaction which element is being oxidized?

Cu(s) + 4 HNO₃(aq) $\rightarrow$ Cu(NO₃)₂ (aq) + 2 NO₂

A) Cu
B) H
C) N
D) O
E) none of these (g) + 2 H₂O(l)

Question 62

Which one of the following is an oxidation-reduction reaction?

A) CaCO₃ (s) $\rightarrow$ CaO (s) + CO₂
B) CaO (s) + 2 HCl (aq) $\rightarrow$ CaCl₂ (aq) + H₂O (l)
C) 2 KNO₃ (s) $\rightarrow$ 2 KNO₂ (s) + O₂ (g)
D) HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq) $\rightarrow$ NaCl (aq) + H₂O (l)
E) none of these

Question 63

In the following oxidation-reduction reaction, which of the following statements is true?

Sr(s) + 2 H₂O(l) $\rightarrow$ Sr²⁺(aq) + 2 OH^-(aq) + H₂(g)

A) H₂O is oxidized
B) Sr acts as the oxidizing agent
C) H₂ is reduced
D) H₂O is the oxidizing agent
E) more than one of the above are true

Question 64

Phosphorus is reduced in which of the following reactions?

A) P₄(s) + 5 O₂(g) $\rightarrow$ P₄O₁₀(s)
B) P₄(s) + 3 O₂(g) $\rightarrow$ P₄O₆(s)
C) P₄(s) + 6 F₂(g) $\rightarrow$ 4 PF₃(g)
D) P₄(s) + 6 Ca(s) $\rightarrow$ 2 Ca₃P₂(s) + H₂O(l)
E) P₄(s) + 6 Cl₂(g) $\rightarrow$ 4 H₃PO₃(aq) + 12 HCl(aq)

Question 65

Which isn't an oxidation-reduction reaction?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E) all of these are oxidation-reduction reactions

Question 66

Identify the reducing agent and oxidizing agent in the reaction:

H₂O₂(aq) + 2 HI(aq) $\rightarrow$ 2 H₂O(l) + I₂(s)

Question 67

The name for Li₃N is:

A) lithium nitride
B) lithium(II) nitride
C) lithium(III) nitride
D) lithium trinitride
E) trilithium nitride

Question 68

Which of the following formula/name combinations is incorrect?

A) H₂SO₃/sulfurous acid
B) HCO₃^-/hydrogen carbonate ion
C) HBrO₃/bromic acid
D) ClO₄^-/hypochlorate ion
E) CuSO₄/copper(II) sulfate

Question 69

Name this compound: CoSO₃

A) copper persulfate
B) cobalt(II) sulfite
C) cupric sulfate
D) cobalt (II) sulfide
E) cupric sulfite

Question 70

Name this compound: SrSO₄

A) strontium sulfide
B) sodium sulfite
C) strontium persulfate
D) sodium sulfurtetroxide
E) strontium sulfate

Question 71

Give the chemical formula for barium chromate.

A) Ba₂CrO₄
B) Ba₂CrO₃
C) BaCr
D) BaCrO₄
E) BCrO₃

Question 72

Give the chemical formula for ammonium bromide.

A) NBr₃
B) NH₄Br
C) AmBr₂
D) NH₄Br₂
E) NH₄Br₃

Question 73

Give the name for the compound Fe₂O₃.

A) diiron trioxide
B) iron (III) oxide
C) iron (II) trioxide
D) iron oxide
E) iron trioxide

Question 74

Give the chemical formula for perchloric acid.

A) HClO₃
B) HCl
C) NaHCO₃
D) HClO₄
E) H₂ClO₃

Question 75

Give the name for the compound ZnSO₃.

A) zinc persulfate
B) zinc sulfur trioxide
C) zinc (II) sulfate
D) zinc (I) sulfide
E) zinc sulfite

Question 76

Give the chemical formula for ammonium cyanide.

A) HCN
B) NH₄CN
C) NH₂C
D) CH₃CN
E) AmCN

Question 77

Give the name for the compound Cl₂O.

A) dichoro oxide
B) chlorine oxide
C) dichlorine monoxide
D) chlorite
E) chlorine dioxide

Question 78

Give the chemical formula for hyposulfurous acid.

A) H₂SO₂
B) H₂S
C) NaHSO₃
D) HSO₃
E) H₂SO₄

Question 79

Give the name for the compound HNO₂.

A) hydrogen nitride
B) pernitric acid
C) nitrous acid
D) hydrogen nitrogen dioxide
E) nitric acid

Question 80

Give the chemical formula for copper(I)chloride.

A) CoCl₂
B) CuCl
C) CuClO₂
D) CuCl₂
E) CoCl