Deck 68: Antiretroviral Medications

Question 1

A patient has begun treatment for HIV.The primary care NP should monitor the patient's complete blood count (CBC)at least every _____ months.

A) 1 to 3
B) 3 to 6
C) 6 to 9
D) 9 to 12

Answer 1

3 to 6

Question 2

A primary care NP provides primary care for a woman who has HIV.The woman asks the NP if she will ever be able to have children.The NP should tell her:

A) none of the antiretroviral medications are safe to take during pregnancy.
B) she will need to take medications throughout her pregnancy and lactation.
C) there is no risk of disease transmission to a fetus if she complies with therapy.
D) strict adherence to antiretroviral therapy decreases her risk of transmitting HIV to the fetus.

Answer 2

strict adherence to antiretroviral therapy decreases her risk of transmitting HIV to the fetus.

Question 3

A female patient who is 8 weeks pregnant is seen by a primary care nurse practitioner (NP)after a routine prenatal screen was positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).A CD4 cell count is 750 cells/mm.The NP should:

A) begin immediate therapy with zidovudine and lamivudine.
B) begin therapy with zidovudine when she is in her second trimester.
C) delay treatment with antiretroviral medications until after her pregnancy.
D) initiate therapy with zidovudine if her CD4 cell count decreases to 500 cells/mm.

Answer 3

begin therapy with zidovudine when she is in her second trimester.

Question 4

A patient who has HIV is being treated with Emtriva.The patient develops hepatitis B.The primary care NP should contact the patient's infectious disease specialist to discuss:

A) adding zidovudine.
B) changing to Truvada.
C) changing to tenofovir.
D) ordering Combivir and tenofovir.

Question 5

A patient who has HIV frequently expresses concerns about the costs of treatment.The primary care NP should:

A) discuss the risks associated with underdosing of antiretroviral therapies.
B) suggest taking half doses of the medications on a regular basis.
C) suggest the patient limit therapy to a one- or two-drug regimen.
D) recommend an occasional "drug holiday" when cell and viral counts are good.

Question 6

A patient who has HIV has been receiving a two-drug combination therapy for 6 months.At an annual physical examination,the primary care NP notes that the patient has a viral load of 60 copies/mL and a CD4 cell count of 350 cells/mm.The NP should contact the patient's infectious disease specialist to discuss:

A) changing one of the medications.
B) changing both of the medications.
C) increasing the dose of both medications.
D) discontinuing the medications for a short period.