Deck 1: Foundations of Structural Kinesiology

Question 1

List the six (6) types of diarthrodial/synovial joints.

Answer 1

1. Arthrodial
2. Condyloidal
3. Enarthrodial
4. Ginglymus
5. Sellar
6. Trochoidal

Question 2

Using proper joint terminology, list the name and position of each joint involved upon completion of the following multiple joint movement. Starting from the anatomical position, reach with your right arm and touch the ipsilateral side of your head with the palm of your hand.

Answer 2

Answers will vary.

Question 3

List three (3) of the terms that are used to describe bone markings and provide two specific examples of each on the human skeleton.

Answer 3

Answers will vary.

Question 4

List two of the most commonly occurring movements for each of the following planes: sagittal, frontal, and transverse.

Question 5

Which of the following terms refers to a position of the foot and ankle resulting from a combination of ankle plantar flexion, subtalar inversion, and forefoot adduction?

A)Pronation
B)Scaption
C)Supination
D)Circumduction

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct definition of kinesiology?

A)The study of the principles of anatomy, physiology, and mechanics in relation to human movement
B)The study of the human musculoskeletal and musculotendinous systems
C)The study of the application of mechanical physics to human motion
D)The study of muscles as they are involved in the science of movement

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of a transverse plane movement?

A)Extension of the left toes
B)Abduction of the left transverse tarsal joint
C)Internal rotation of the right shoulder
D)Plantar flexion of the ankle

Question 8

Knee extension occurring from femoral condyles rotating forward on tibia as a person stands from a squatting position is an example of the accessory motion called _____.

A)glide
B)slide
C)roll
D)spin

Question 9

Each of the following joints allows a slight amount of motion to occur except _____.

A)gomphosis
B)syndesmosis
C)synchondrosis
D)symphysis

Question 10

Lowering the arm to the side or the thigh back to the anatomical position is an example of _____.

A)abduction
B)extension
C)adduction
D)circumduction

Question 11

If the _____ plane runs from medial to lateral, then its axis must run from front to back.

A)frontal
B)transverse
C)sagittal
D)longitudinal

Question 12

What term is used to describe the movement of the ankle that results in the top of the foot moving toward the anterior tibia in the sagittal plane?

A)Flexion
B)Extension
C)Dorsiflexion
D)Plantar flexion

Question 13

Which of the following terms means related to, or situated to the left or on the left side of, something?

A)Sinister
B)Ventral
C)Proximal
D)Supine

Question 14

Bone is composed of all of the following except _____.

A)protein
B)calcium
C)phosphorus
D)water

Question 15

Motion of the bones relative to the three cardinal planes resulting from physiological movements is known as _____.

A)osteokinematic motion
B)arthrokinematic motion
C)accessory motion
D)osteochondral motion

Question 16

The three specific types of accessory motions are _____.

A)slip, slide, and roll
B)spin, twirl, and glide
C)rock, slide, and circumfusion
D)roll, spin, and glide

Question 17

If the knee were not able to slide, the femur would _____ when going from flexion to extension on a stationary tibia.

A)roll off the back of the tibia
B)roll off the front of the tibia
C)spin more internally on the tibia
D)spin more externally on the tibia

Question 18

Motion between the articular surfaces of bones is known as _____.

A)kinetics
B)osteokinematics
C)arthrokinematics
D)biomechanics

Question 19

Forward movement of the shoulder girdle in the horizontal plane away from the spine is called _____.

A)pronation
B)protraction
C)retraction
D)reduction

Question 20

Adduction movement at the wrist in the frontal plane of the little finger side of the hand toward the medial forearm is called _____.

A)palmar flexion
B)radial flexion
C)ulnar flexion
D)volar flexion

Question 21

An instrument used to measure the change in joint angles is a(n) _____.

A)flexometer
B)jointometer
C)arthrometer
D)goniometer

Question 22

Both the size and the shape of bones can limit or allow movements.

Question 23

There are approximately 552 skeletal muscles in the human body.

Question 24

During the process of bone remodeling, osteoblasts resorb existing bone and osteoclasts form new bone.

Question 25

About 50 to 60 percent of the volume of cortical bone is porous.

Question 26

The endosteum is located at the ends of long bones.

Question 27

The scapula is an example of an irregular bone.

Question 28

One of the functions of articular cartilage is to separate the diaphysis and epiphysis.

Question 29

Both sesamoid and accessory bones occur in same numbers in individuals.

Question 30

Typical bony features include diaphysis, epiphysis, and articular cartilage.

Question 31

Epiphyseal plates generally close by age 14, but some may be present until age 18.

Question 32

Diagonal abduction is movement by a limb through a diagonal plane away from the midline of the body.

Question 33

Most outer bone is composed of cortical bone with cancellous bone underneath.

Question 34

Cancellous bone is stiffer and can withstand greater stress, but less strain, than cortical bone.

Question 35

Collagen in bone provides flexibility and strength to resist tension.

Question 36

Bones continue to grow longitudinally as long as the epiphyseal plates are open.

Question 37

The hyaline cartilage is quite resilient because it is slightly compressible and elastic.

Question 38

Aging causes progressive gain of collagen and increases bone brittleness.

Question 39

Bone size and shape are influenced by both the direction and magnitude of forces that are habitually applied to them.

Question 40

Bones reshape themselves based upon the stresses that are placed upon them.

Question 41

Ligaments and connective tissue provide dynamic stability to joints when actively contracting.

Question 42

Diarthrodial joints are also known as synovial joints.

Question 43

Abduction is an example of movement in a coronal plane about an anteroposterior axis.

Question 44

Flexion or extension can occur in combination with abduction, adduction, or rotation.