Deck 9: Language and Musical Expression

Question 1

In anthropology performance, dance, and music are called:

A) expressive cultural forms.
B) culturally relative artifacts.
C) intangible symbols .
D) intensive cultural expressions.

Answer 1

expressive cultural forms.

Question 2

Which of the following statements best describes an anthropological understanding of language?

A)Language is subject to shifting cultural contexts and exhibits different aspects of cultural identity.
B)Language is universal, and all languages share the same features and a consistent and unchanging group of sounds.
C) When cultures are undergoing growth and change, language tends to become more conservative.
D) Languages change constantly, and no language can be studied intact.

Answer 2

Language is subject to shifting cultural contexts and exhibits different aspects of cultural identity.

Question 3

Which of the following was used most successfully by European colonizers as a weapon, a way to gain control over the cultural identities of subject peoples?

A) Sexuality
B) Dance
C) Language
D) Kinship

Answer 3

Language

Question 4

Cultural borrowing, blending, and diffusion are all aspects of:

A) enculturation.
B) juxtaposition.
C) syncretism.
D) assimilation.

Question 5

Which of the following is not commonly associated with historical linguistics?

A) Grouping languages into families
B) Analysis of how a language is currently used
C) Comparative study of languages
D) Identification of similarities and differences between languages

Question 6

Ethnolinguists are anthropologists who specialize in the study of:

A) language.
B) music.
C) symbolism.
D) ethnicity.

Question 7

Approximately how many languages exist today?

A) 6,000
B) 1,700
C) 3,400
D) 9,500

Question 8

The study of language sounds is called:

A) morphemes.
B) ethnolinguistics.
C) phonology.
D) phonetics.

Question 9

The smallest unit of sound that conveys meaning is called a(n):

A) idiophone.
B) phoneme.
C) syntax.
D) morpheme.

Question 10

The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a(n):

A)Alphabetical record of all of the words that carry meanings in human languages.
B) collection of symbols that identify all the sounds of all languages.
C) collection of symbols that identify the sounds of all non-Western languages.
D) alphabet of all letters (symbols) used to identify written sounds.

Question 11

Dental, bilabial, alveolar lateral sounds are commonly found in what types of languages?

A) Colonial languages
B) Click languages
C) Latin-based languages
D) Ancestral languages

Question 12

Ethnosemantics is most accurately described as a linguistic:

A) language.
B) performance.
C) theory.
D) method.

Question 13

Which of the following would most commonly be associated with ethnosemantics?

A) Semantic domains
B) Idiophones
C) Linguistic relativity
D) Pidgins

Question 14

Which of the following best illustrates a semantic domain?

A) House, tree, sky, porch
B) Pants, shirts, blouses, shorts
C) Blue, red, tall, short
D) Up, down, school, football

Question 15

The belief that all languages are equally useful means of communication is called:

A) linguistic relativity.
B) cultural relativism.
C) ethnosemantics.
D) linguistic assimilation.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about color is correct?

A) Colors are universal, and all cultures perceive and name them similarly.
B) Color is a human universal, but only state societies name colors.
C) Across cultures, individuals are not able to perceive the same colors in the environment.
D) The recognition and naming of colors is culturally learned.

Question 17

New and partial language blends are called:

A) accents.
B) dialects.
C) creoles.
D) pidgins.

Question 18

A way of speaking that is characteristic of a group of people is called:

A) dialect.
B) accent.
C) clicks.
D) creoles.

Question 19

Which anthropological fieldworker gathered African American folklore in Florida during the 1930s?

A) Allison Davis
B) Franz Boas
C) Zora Neale Hurston
D) Hortense Powdermaker

Question 20

What was the most important factor shaping AAE?

A) Colonialism
B) Slavery
C) Imperialism
D) WWII

Question 21

If I say, "Good evening, Mr. Moore" in one place and turn around to my friend and say, "Hey there!" I am:

A) code switching.
B) using a unified semantic domain.
C) language coding.
D) applying linguistic symbolism.

Question 22

Ethnomusicologists are:

A) musicians.
B) therapists.
C) linguists.
D) physical trainers.

Question 23

Which of the following is not a common activity for an ethnomusicologist?

A) Study musical transcription
B) Work to change a culture's music
C) Study how instruments are used to make music
D) Identify diverse types of music

Question 24

Among the Siriono:

A) there is no local music.
B) there are only idiophones.
C) all individuals sing choral music and dance.
D) each individual has his or her own personal song.

Question 25

Tones are associated with which type of music?

A) Indigenous
B) Western
C) Percussive
D) Asian

Question 26

Which of the following is not an idiophone?

A) Violin
B) Gong
C) Rattle
D) Xylophone

Question 27

In Peru during the early part of the 20th century, there was a concerted effort to create a more meaningful national identity. What type of music and performance did they research and revive?

A) Maya
B) Aztec
C) Incan
D) European

Question 28

In 2003, UNESCO designated music as part of the world's:

A) cultural heritage.
B) physical landscapes.
C) most endangered languages.
D) cultures.

Question 29

The first systematic sound recordings were made on:

A) vinyl records.
B) phonographic cylinders.
C) paraffin hieroglyphs.
D) compact cassettes.

Question 30

Bassnectar is a musician known for what type of music?

A) Electronic dance music
B) European classical music
C) Ballads and traditional rounds
D) Boogie woogie and rap

Question 31

Kurdish language and music were suppressed by Turkey in the early to mid-1900s.

Question 32

State authorities often use language as a means of political control.

Question 33

In Indonesia there are two official state languages, and all citizens are required to speak both of them.

Question 34

Boas did not believe that languages were unique.

Question 35

Click languages in Africa are rapidly disappearing.

Question 36

The ethnosemantic approach is no longer used in linguistic study.

Question 37

Benjamin Whorf argued that all higher levels of human thought were dependent on language.

Question 38

Those who learn second languages are affected by the first language they learned.

Question 39

A pidgin is a completely developed language that started as creole.

Question 40

Ebonics has roots in U.S. slavery.

Question 41

New music can reflect emerging cultural identities.

Question 42

Ethnomusicologists are not formally trained in music.

Question 43

Tonal music is found in all cultures.

Question 44

Threats to musical heritage may have repercussions for cultural identity.

Question 45

Franz Boas was the first anthropologist to use sound recordings.

Question 46

​Distinguish between the terms phonology, phonemes, and phonetics.

Question 47

Describe Benjamin Whorf's contributions to our understanding of language.

Question 48

How do languages customarily emerge? Discuss and provides examples.

Question 49

What is code switching? Give an example.

Question 50

Identify five different common idiophones.

Question 51

How can language be used as a political weapon? Give examples and discuss the potential widespread effects of language suppression.

Question 52

Explain the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis and give examples. Do you believe that there are language universals? Why or why not?

Question 53

How are music and language similar types of expressive culture?