Deck 4: Kin and Families Forms of Relatedness

Question 1

The "Baby M" case was based on:

A)Legal custody dispute between the surrogate mother, who was also the donor of the egg, and the baby's biological father.
B) legal dispute over the identity of the egg donor and the biological father.
C)A dispute between the doctor who performed the in vitro fertilization and the biological mother's remaining fertile eggs.
D)Who is responsible for medical bills and procedures when a pregnancy is not achieved through surrogacy.

Answer 1

Legal custody dispute between the surrogate mother, who was also the donor of the egg, and the baby's biological father.

Question 2

What term is used to refer to the individual's line or linked chain of ancestors?

A) Descent
B) Kindred
C) Genealogical grid
D) Clan

Answer 2

Descent

Question 3

A consanguineal relationship is one based on:

A) functional dependence.
B) marriage connections.
C) biological connections.
D) industrial economic systems.

Answer 3

biological connections.

Question 4

Descent lines drawn from a common ancestor result most directly in:

A) patri-clans.
B) nuclear families.
C) lineages.
D) polygamous families.

Question 5

Which one of the following is the largest social organization?

A) Lineage
B) Clan
C) Extended family
D) Nuclear family

Question 6

Children who take their primary kinship from their mothers and grandmothers are members of which type of society?

A) Matrilineal
B) Patrilineal
C) Ambilineal
D) Bilateral

Question 7

When matrilineal societies were first "discovered" as a different type of kinship, they were misrepresented as a type of:

A) matriarchy.
B) patriarchy.
C) clan.
D) lineage.

Question 8

Another name for kinship naming practices is called:

A) classificatory kinship.
B) charting kinship.
C) kinship terminology.
D) Iroquois kinship naming system.

Question 9

The most common kinship system found in commercial societies, such as the U.S., and also in foraging societies is:

A) Hawaiian.
B) Crow.
C) Iroquois.
D) Inuit.

Question 10

Under the Inuit (or Eskimo) kinship system:

A) cousins and siblings are lumped together.
B) the immediate family is set apart.
C) there is no nuclear family.
D) all aunts and uncles are referred to as father or mother.

Question 11

Among the Minangkabau in West Sumatra, the kinship system requires residence at the wife's mother's house following marriage. This is called:

A) patrilocal residence.
B) matrilocal residence.
C) parental residence.
D) neolocal residence.

Question 12

Under matrilocal residence systems:

A) neither sons nor daughters leave their natal (birth) homes at marriage.
B) both sons and daughters leave their natal (birth) homes at marriage.
C) daughters leave their natal (birth) homes at marriage.
D) sons leave their natal (birth) homes at marriage.

Question 13

Which of the following caused the most dramatic changes to matrilineal societies?

A) Colonialism
B) Migration
C) Rise in population
D) Trade and barter

Question 14

Which large Southeastern U.S. group was traditionally a matrilineal society?

A) Zuni
B) Cherokee
C) Navajo
D) Assiniboin

Question 15

A joint family in Han China contained all of the following except:

A) matrilineal descent group.
B) elaborate extended family.
C) three generations of family members.
D) two marriages at the middle generation.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is correct about the Imperial Han China period?

A)Sons left the house where they were born to establish their own patriarchal households at marriage.
B) They used the Iroquois kinship system but also had a joint and extended family system.
C)Kinship was patriarchal, but within the joint family women arranged marriages for sons.
D)Marriages were arranged for daughters because it was a strictly patriarchal system.

Question 17

What characteristic most marked patrilineages in South China during the Imperial Han era?

A) They functioned as political kingdoms while matrilineages created centers of domestic authority.
B) Because they were patrilineages they only involved men and their sons.
C) They were highly localized and incorporated only agrarian families.
D) They formed into lineage organizations that functioned like corporations.

Question 18

In a Chinese lineage ancestor hall altar, what do the separate wooden tablets represent?

A) Deceased male ancestors
B) Deceased female ancestors
C) Living male relatives
D) Various local household and family deities

Question 19

All of the following are true of Chinese clans except they:

A) did not own lands.
B) are a large descent-based group.
C) were built upon notions of land ownership and proximity.
D) did not include daughters or wives.

Question 20

Which of the following is not considered part of the nuclear family?

A) Sons
B) Grandparents
C) Parents
D) Daughters

Question 21

Bilateral kinship is associated with each of the following except it:

A) counts kin collaterally but not lineally.
B) does not produce descent-based groups.
C) involves tracing descent through both mother and father.
D) produces a kinship system called the kindred.

Question 22

The idea that kinship is constituted through biological and marital ties only resulted in what David Schneider called the:

A) genealogical grid.
B) kinship naming system.
C) kinship node.
D) largest descent-based group.

Question 23

What interesting fact did David Schneider uncover in his 1960's study of kinship in Chicago, Illinois?

A)Americans had kinship systems that were deeper than other cultural groups.
B) Most people could not name kin upward for more than three generations.
C) Americans could not name kinship connections beyond their own nuclear families.
D) Americans did not use kinship beyond two generations.

Question 24

Which of the following is an example of a sibling bond?

A) Grandparent-grandchild relationship
B) Father-son relationship
C) Mother-son relationship
D) Sister-brother relationship

Question 25

David Schneider found all of the following attributes of American kinship except it:

A) could not extend upward beyond three generations in identifying ancestors.
B) was practiced very weakly and sometimes did not count sibling bonds.
C) would cut off and not count biological kin for emotional reasons.
D)Would cut off and not count some biological kin because of geographical distance.

Question 26

Rayna Rapp found that the lower class in the U.S. tended to:

A) create stronger lateral kinship bonds with kin and friends.
B) extend kinship networks upward to five or more generations.
C) deny and cut off kin in higher numbers than the middle class.
D) include only female kin in its social networks.

Question 27

Micaela di Leonardo found in her study of Italian Americans that:

A) extending kin back to Italy and maintaining strong family ties was always important.
B)Kinship is not important to Italian American families after two generations.
C)Economic success and rising class status led to fewer kinship ties back to Italy.
D) most Italian Americans do not form kinship ties within the United States.

Question 28

Each of the following is a common factor that affects individuals' decisions to avail themselves of reproductive technologies except:

A) kinship terminology.
B) geographical access.
C) economic wealth.
D) religious views.

Question 29

When formerly married partners with children marry each other and bring their children into a single family, it is specifically called a(n):

A) multi-generational family.
B) blended family.
C) blended lineage family.
D) patri-clan.

Question 30

Child circulation is traditionally associated with:

A) godparent-godchild relationships.
B) orphans and widows in war-torn countries.
C) wealthy classes across nations.
D) transnational networks.

Question 31

Kinship ties are exclusively biological ties.

Question 32

Descent ties are most frequently created by birth.

Question 33

The Pueblo are a matrilineal society.

Question 34

Matriarchies were common at an earlier time in our history.

Question 35

The Iroquois naming system uses the same terminology for mother and mother's sister.

Question 36

Under the Iroquois kinship system, the mother and mother's sister are confused.

Question 37

Under matrilineal systems, the father is the patriarch of the household even though his offspring do not inherit from their father's lines.

Question 38

Urbanization and capitalism weakened matrilineal societies.

Question 39

The Han Chinese were a patrilineal society.

Question 40

In Imperial Han China, daughters were their fathers' spiritual heirs even though they did not inherit land.

Question 41

Chinese patri-clans owned all lands during the Imperial Han China era.

Question 42

Post-Schneider kinship research uncovered the importance of the sibling bond in matrilineal societies.

Question 43

Kindred organization is central to unilineal kinship societies.

Question 44

Blended families are more common in the United States today than they were in the past.

Question 45

There is a rising rate of twin births in the U.S. over the last 30 years.

Question 46

​Describe the two types of unilineal kinship.

Question 47

​What is meant by the "authority puzzle" of matrilineal kinship?

Question 48

​Compare and contrast matrilocal and patrilocal residence.

Question 49

​Explain child circulation as it is practiced in the Andes.

Question 50

Does matriarchy exist? Describe anthropologists' earlier findings and what we know about matriarchies today.

Question 51

Compare Imperial Han Chinese kinship practices to those in contemporary U.S. society.

Question 52

Who was David Schneider, and what was the importance and impact of his research?