Deck 5: Problem-Oriented Policing

Question 1

Television portrays the activity of police as primarily conducting investigations and arresting criminals; however, in reality this work consumes only an estimated 10 to 25 percent of an officer's time.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The "problem analysis triangle" consists of three key elements that include: an offender, a victim, and the police response. By studying this triangle it becomes possible to formulate an effective community policing response.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police have developed a problem-solving model called CAPRA, which stands for Clients, Acquire/analyze information, Partnerships, Response and Assessment.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The PARE problem solving process utilizes the "5 W's (who, what, where, when, and why) during the analysis portion and includes how the information was gathered and, the degree of impact that the crime had upon the victim.

Question 5

Police managers must provide principle-centred leadership to ensure that an "entrepreneurial" atmosphere exists to encourage officers to experiment, create and develop their creative capacities to deal with community problems without fear of being punished for unintentional mistakes and failures.

Question 6

Problem-solving:

A) is one element of community policing.
B) is the new model of community policing.
C) is no longer used in policing.
D) does not require the community to be involved.

Question 7

A problem can be:

A) a single incident.
B) a number of recurring incidents.
C) a substantive community concerne.
D) All of the above.

Question 8

Problem-oriented policing (POP):

A) is an approach to policing used primarily in the United States.
B) is a strategy that puts community policing into practice.
C) is most often used for identifying high-risk offenders.
D) has largely been abandoned in Ontario.

Question 9

Herman Goldstein:

A) was the first police chief in Ontario to implement problem-oriented policing.
B) wrote a book that was critical of problem-oriented policing.
C) was the principle architect of problem-oriented policing.
D) was the chief proponent of traditional police practice.

Question 10

The acronym SARA stands for:

A) scanning, analysis, response, assessment.
B) safety, alertness, responsiveness, awareness.
C) security, awareness, resistance, abatement.
D) sensing, arming, responding, alarming.

Question 11

The collaborative model of problem solving:

A) involves patrol officers and the community working together.
B) emphasizes shared responsibility between the police and the community.
C) uses experts to assist in the identification and response to problems.
D) a and b.

Question 12

Which of the following is/are possible response option(s) in the SARA model of problem-oriented policing?

A) concentrating attention of high-risk individuals.
B) connecting with other government and private agencies.
C) mobilizing the community.
D) All of the above.

Question 13

Problem analysis filters:

A) are a statistical method used by criminologists.
B) are used by police services that have not adopted community policing.
C) are used in the analysis phase of problem-oriented policing to prioritize problems
D) None of the above.

Question 14

In the evaluation stage of PARE, asking questions such as "Were the strategies easy to implement?" and "What should others be aware of if attempting to implement a similar plan?" is called:

A) impact evaluation.
B) process evaluation.
C) assessment evaluation.
D) inquiry evaluation.

Question 15

Effective problem solving by a police service may be hindered by:

A) failing to conduct a thorough analysis of the problem.
B) failing to dedicate resources to the problem.
C) failing to follow up in the assessment stage.
D) All of the above.

Question 16

Television portrays the activity of police as primarily conducting investigations and arresting criminals. However, in reality this work consumes:

A) 40 to 50 percent of an officers' time
B) 10 to 25 percent of an officers' time
C) roughly 30 percent of an officers' time
D) less than 10 percent of an officers' time

Question 17

The collaborative model of problem solving emphasizes:

A) an expert going to the location where the problem is occurring, identifying and analyzing the problem, and developing a solution
B) the involvement of the community with the police in identifying the issues and in creating the solutions
C) shared responsibility between an expert and those in the neighbourhood, area, or setting where the problem is being experienced
D) utilizing the principles associated with POP, CAPRA and SARA

Question 18

It has been stated that crime and other problems in a community are the "visible symptoms" while the underlying conditions or causes of the problem lie beneath the surface. This concept is associated with the term:

A) the root causes of crime, delinquency and social disorder
B) the "thin veneer" factor
C) social complexities and contemporary crimes
D) the 80/20 rule

Question 19

What is meant by problem solving and what role does it play in community policing?

Question 20

Define what is meant by a problem.

Question 21

What is collaborative problem solving, and why is it important in any discussion of problem-oriented policing?

Question 22

Who was Herman Goldstein, and what was his contribution to the field of problem-oriented policing?

Question 23

Define and discuss the key elements of problem-oriented policing (POP).

Question 24

What is the iceberg or 80/20 rule, and why is it important in our study of community policing and problem-oriented policing?

Question 25

What is SARA?

Question 26

Discuss what is meant by the problem analysis triangle, and its role in problem-oriented policing.

Question 27

Compare the expert model of problem solving to the collaborative model of problem solving.

Question 28

What is PARE and what are its components?

Question 29

What are problem analysis filters and what role do they play in problem-oriented policing? Provide an example.

Question 30

Compare process evaluation and impact evaluation.

Question 31

Discuss and contrast the problem-solving models used by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police and the Ontario Provincial Police.

Question 32

Police services that have successfully made problem solving a core component of their community policing framework share a number of characteristics. From an organizational perspective, list the conditions for successful problem solving in a police agency.

Question 33

What are the some of the barriers to effective problem solving? Discuss and list some of the strategies and methods to overcome these barriers.